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            <title>Sarvodaya VII</title>
            <author>Gandhi</author>
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            <head>Sarvodaya VII<note type="scholarNote">This is the seventh in a series of essays that Gandhi published in his weekly newspaper Indian Opinion wherein he provided a paraphrase of John Ruskin's essay "Unto This Last." This essay was foundational to Gandhi's decision to found his first community, Phoenix Settlement, and to his philosophy of universal wellbeing (sarvodaya).</note></head>

<dateline>
               <title>Indian Opinion</title>
               <docDate>June 27, 1908</docDate>
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            <div>
               <head>Veins of Wealth [continued]</head>
               <p>We saw that the value of money consists in its power to command the labor of men.
                  If that labor could be had without payment, there should be no further need of
                  money. Instances are known where human labor can be had without payment. We have
                  considered examples which show that moral power is more effective than the power
                  of money. We also saw that man’s goodness can do what money cannot do. There exist
                  men in many parts of England who cannot be beguiled with money.</p>
               <p>Moreover, if we admit that wealth carries with it the power to direct labor, we
                  shall also see that the more intelligent and moral men are, the greater is the
                  wealth amassed. It may even appear on a fuller consideration that the person
                  themselves constitute the wealth, not gold and silver. We must search for wealth
                  not in the bowels of the earth, but in the hearts of men. If this is correct, the
                  true law of economics is that men must be maintained in the best possible health,
                  both of body and mind, and in the highest state of honor. A time may also come
                  when England, instead of adorning the turbans of its slaves with diamonds from
                  Golkonda and thus sporting her wealth, may be able to point to her great men of
                  virtue, saying, in the words of a truly eminent Greek, “This is my wealth.”</p>
            </div>

<div>
               <head>Even-Handed Justice</head>
               <p>Some centuries before Christ there lived a Jewish merchant, Solomon by name. He
                  had made a large fortune and earned great fame. His maxims are remembered in
                  Europe even today. He was so beloved of the Venetians that they erected a statue
                  in the city to his memory. Though his maxims are known by rote, very few persons
                  actually practice them. He says: “Those who make money through lies are afflicted
                  with pride, and that is a sign of their death.” At another place, he adds:
                  “Treasures of wickedness profit nothing. It is truth which delivers from death.”
                  In both these maxims Solomon asserts that death is the outcome of wealth unjustly
                  acquired. Nowadays, people tell lies or perpetrate injustice so cleverly that we
                  cannot find them out. For there are misleading advertisements. Things bear
                  attractive labels, and so on.</p>
               <p>Again the wise man says: “He that oppresseth the poor to multiply his riches shall
                  surely come to want.” And he adds: “Rob not the poor because he is poor. Oppress
                  not the afflicted in the place of business. For God will corrupt the soul of those
                  that torment them.” At present, however, it is the practice in business to
                  administer kicks to those who are already dead. We are eager to take advantage of
                  a needy man. The highwayman robs the rich, but the trader robs the poor.</p>
               <p>Solomon says further: “The rich and the poor are equal. God is their maker. God
                  gives them knowledge.” The rich and the poor cannot live, the one without the
                  other. They always need each other. Neither of them can be regarded as superior or
                  inferior to the other. But evil consequences follow when the two forget that they
                  are equal, and that God is their light.<note type="scholarNote">Gandhi continued his paraphrase of Ruskin's "Unto This Last" in his weekly newspaper. See "Sarvodaya VIII" for the next installation.</note></p>
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Sarvodaya VII (June 27, 1908)