115. — Apiculture. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch115.xml?note_annotation_20240104181644049", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2024-01-04T23:16:44.049Z", "dcterms:modified": "2024-01-04T23:16:44.049Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "1", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "admin" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch115.xml?note_annotation_20240104181644049#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch115.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.4.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch115.xml?note_annotation_20240104181644049#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Fanes. 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</head> <div type="récit"> <p> Le rucher était en bon lieu. Adossé au pignon du sud, protégé contre le vent du nord par une palissade de fanes* <note type="annotation">Fanes. Rameaux cueillis et munis encore de leurs feuilles.</note> d'œillettes entremêlées de liens de paille, il pouvait attendre que la haie vive de sureau eût la hauteur et la force voulues pour donner, avec l'abri et la verdure, les fleurs, si chères aux abeilles.</p> <p> Il y avait là maintenant six ruches bourdonnantes. </p> <p> Autour, quelques champs de colza, d'œillettes, de sainfoin, de luzerne s'épanouirent au printemps nouveau. Sur les bords du canal, les acacias, les marronniers, les tilleuls éclatèrent en floraison. Le long des routes, au revers des talus, foisonnèrent les fleurs sauvages : silènes, boutons d'or, liserons, campanules, serpolet. </p> <figure> <caption> Œillette et sureau.</caption> <caption>L'œillette (1) est un pavot dont on extrait une huile comestible appelée huile d'œillette. — Les fleurs de sureau (2) sont employées en infusion pour provoquer la sueur. </caption> </figure> <p> Et voilà votre table servie ! butinez, amies abeilles ! </p> <p> C'était le temps de la miellée, où l'apiculteur se réjouit. <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> guettait les mouvements des six laborieuses républiques. Le va-et-vient, le brouhaha des ouvrières indiquait qu'au dedans le couvain prospérait. Elle épiait le moment où il faudrait mettre à leur service la science apportée de <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName>. </p> <p> Et c'est pourquoi, un dimanche matin, par le plus beau temps, elle se tenait en observation sous un petit ceri-<fw type="header"> APICULTURE. 405 </fw> <pb type="page" n="405" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_405.jpg"/> sier du jardin, tout chargé de ses fruits de corail* <note type="annotation">Corail. Production marine en forme d'arbuste et de couleur rouge.</note>, et surveillait très attentivement la sortie des butineuses. </p> <p> Pendant plusieurs heures, et à mesure que le soleil montait, ce furent des envolées, des départs sans trêve. Puis les sorties se firent plus rares, et, tout au contraire, le va-et-vient des rentrées augmenta. </p> <p> Voilà l'instant ! Elle appela <persName type="fictif" key="jacques">Jacques</persName>. Le nez en trompette de M. <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> se montra aussitôt. Mais les abords du rucher étaient absolument interdits à ce nez pour lequel on craignait quelque affaire plus fâcheuse encore que celle du cliquet de l'éteignoir à chandelle. </p> <p> <persName type="fictif" key="jacques">Jacques</persName> arriva à l'appel et, tout doucement, avec les plus grandes précautions, la sœur et le grand frère transportèrent la première ruche à cinq mètres de la place qu'elle occupait et la posèrent sur un support, préparé à l'avance. Puis ils attendirent. </p> <figure type="sujets"> <caption>1. — Jeune fille cueillant du tilleul. — 2. Fleur du tilleul. Le bois du tilleul est très employé en ébénisterie. Cueillez et conservez, les fleurs du tilleul ; elles vous serviront à faire des tisanes sudorifiques et à préparer des bains calmants pour les petits enfants. </caption> </figure> <p> Bientôt les butineuses, de retour, gagnèrent leur logis ; celles de la ruche déplacée cherchèrent le leur, restèrent un moment à bourdonner sur place, et finalement, ne le trouvant pas, passèrent dans la ruche la plus proche. </p> <p> Les portières, car il y a là des portières, les laissèrent entrer, les voyant chargées de miel ; sans quoi, les étrangères eussent été reçues à coups d'aiguillon. </p> <p> L'opération délicate du passage d’ouvrières, d'une ruche dans une autre, avait réussi. <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> poussa une exclamation de joie. </p> <fw type="sig"> 23. </fw> <fw type="header"> 406 SUZETTE. </fw> <pb type="page" n="406" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_406.jpg"/> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head> Questionnaire. </head> <list> <item>— Où <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> avait-elle installé son rucher ?</item> <item>— Qu'est ce qui fournissait la nourriture des abeilles : 1° dans le voisinage des ruches ;</item> <item>— 2° aux alentours ?</item> <item>— Que faisait un jour <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> au temps de la miellée ?</item> <item>— Où se tenait-elle un dimanche matin ?</item> <item>— Que vit-on pendant les premières<cb/> heures ?</item> <item>— Qui appela-t-elle à son aide ?</item> <item>— Comment <persName type="fictif" key="jacques">Jacques</persName> arriva-t-il ?</item> <item>— Quelle opération firent-ils ensemble ?</item> <item>— Que vit-on bientôt de la part des abeilles ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi les accueillit-on dans les ruches voisines ?</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que cela prouvait ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head> DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES. </head> <div type="sciences_naturelles"> <head type="sujets"> Sciences naturelles. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— LE VENT.</item> <item>— Ce qu'est le vent.</item> <item>— Comment est le vent selon le point cardinal d'où il arrive ?</item> <item>— Services que rendent les vents.</item> <item>— Vitesse des vents.</item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par ouragan, trombes ?</item> <item>— Dites ce que vous vous rappelez sur les désastres causés par les trombes.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>(Voir le développement de la 57e leçon pour ce qui concerne les trois premières questions.)</p> <p>Les <term>ouragans</term> ou <term>cyclones</term> sont de vastes tourbillons qui se forment dans l'atmosphère, et dans lesquels la force du vent augmente jusqu'à une certaine distance du contre. Un calme absolu règne dans la région centrale, sur mer, mais les flots y sont cependant horriblement agités. </p> <p>Autour de cet espace, l'air circule avec l'effrayante vitesse de 20 à 240 kilomètres à l'heure, et décrit sur le globe un ovale immense ; malheur aux navires ou aux maisons, plantations, forêts qui se trouvent sur la route du terrible météore ! Le vent déchaîne soulève les vagues en montagnes colossales ; sur terre, il renverse tout, au milieu du bruit formidable du tonnerre qui gronde sans interruption.</p> <p>Une <term>trombe</term> est un phénomène analogue aux cyclones ; c’est un amas de vapeurs descendant des nuages sous la forme d'une colonne conique très allongée, touchant le sol par son extrémité la moins volumineuse, et qui tournoie avec rapidité en formant des ondulations comme un serpent gigantesque.</p> <p>Voici un exemple du spectacle que présente ce météore et des ravages qu'il commet : </p> <p><l>« Une nuée extrêmement épaisse et fort basse, poussée par un vent </l> <l>« du nord, couvrit la surface du sol sur lequel est placé le bourg de</l> <l>« <placeName key="Mirabeau" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1018645">Mirabeau</placeName>. Différents tourbillons se formèrent en même temps dans</l> <l>« cette masse noire chargée de vapeurs épaisses ; il en sortit de la </l> <l>« grêle ; le tonnerre se fit entendre ; les arbres et les haies furent </l> <l>« arrachés ; l'eau de la petite rivière de <placeName key="Mirabeau" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1018645">Mirabeau</placeName> fut transportée à plus </l> <l>« de soixante pas de son lit, qui resta à sec ; pendant ce temps, deux </l> <l>« hommes qui se trouvèrent enveloppés dans un des tourbillons furent</l> <l>« portés assez loin sans qu'il leur arrivât rien de fâcheux. Un jeune </l> <l>« pâtre fut enlevé plus haut et rejeté au bord de la rivière sans que sa </l> <l>« chute fût violente ; le tourbillon qui l'avait emporté, le posa à l'endroit</l> <l>« où il cessa d'agir. Toute la fureur du météore se disipa dans l'espace</l> <l>« d'une lieue de longueur sur une demi-lieue de largeur. » (<persName type="historique">RICHARD</persName>, <title>Histoire naturelle de l'air et des météores</title>.)</l></p> </div> </div> <div type="sciences_naturelles"> <head type="sujets">Sciences naturelles. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>ESSAIMS D'ABEILLES.</item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par essaims ?</item> <item>— A quelle époque de l'année se forment-ils ?</item> <item>— Où se posent-ils ?</item> <item>— Comment sont-ils recueillis ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On appelle <term>essaim</term> un groupe considérable d'abeilles qui, sous la conduite de la reine, abandonne la ruche pour fonder ailleurs une colonie nouvelle. Cette curieuse émigration a lieu aux mois de mai et de juin ; elle se renouvelle deux fois par an dans le <placeName>Nord</placeName> et jusqu'à quatre fois dans le <placeName>Midi</placeName>. </p> <fw type="header"> APICULTURE. 407 </fw> <pb type="page" n="407" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_407.jpg"/> <p>A la suite d'une visite de la reine dans toutes les parties de la ruche, une agitation générale se manifeste, et une quantité d'abeilles, la reine en tête, se précipitent au dehors, formant une masse compacte qui se fixe sur une branche d'arbre et s'y tient immobile. </p> <p>C'est le moment où l’apiculteur doit s'emparer de l'essaim et lui offrir une ruche préparée à l'avance ; il pose au-dessous cette ruche renversée, imprime une secousse à l'arbre, dont l'essaim se détache et tombe. On transporte immédiatement la ruche au lieu où elle doit être installée ; on la place sur la pierre ou la planche formant support, et aussitôt les abeilles commencent leur travail fécond. </p> </div> </div> <div type="sciences_naturelles"> <head type="sujets"> Agriculture. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Que signifie le terme oléagineuse appliqué à certaines plantes ?</item> <item>— Nommez des plantes oléagineuses ;</item> <item>— des fruits oléagineux.</item> <item>— Dans quelles provinces de <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> cultive-t-on le plus le colza, l'œillette, le lin ?</item> <item>— Quel produit tire-t-on encore du lin ?</item> <item>— Décrire la fleur du lin.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le terme <term>oléagineuse</term> appliqué à certaines plantes indique que l'on peut tirer de l'huile de ces plantes.</p> <p>Parmi les <term>plantes oléagineuses</term>, on citera l'œillette, le colza, la navette, et parmi les <term>fruits oléagineux</term>, la noix, l'olive, la faîne, la noisette. La graine du lin donne également de l'huile, ainsi que celle du chanvre. </p> <p>Le colza, l'œillette et le lin sont cultivés principalement dans la <placeName>région septentrionale de la France</placeName>. On tire encore du lin une matière textile avec laquelle on fait des toiles estimées. Comme nous l'avons dit précédemment, le lin n'a pas les dimensions du chanvre ; sa tige atteint à peine 50 à 60 centimètres, et elle porte au printemps une mignonne fleur bleue formée de cinq pétales réunis en clochette. </p> </div> </div> <div type="géographie"> <head type="sujets"> Géographie. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'un canal ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi creuse-t-on un canal ?</item> <item>— Que représente le profil d'un canal ?</item> <item>— A quoi servent les écluses ?</item> <item>— Donnez une idée de la disposition d'une écluse.</item> <item>— Citez lez principaux canaux de France.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Un <term>canal</term> est une sorte de rivière creusée de main d'homme, où l'eau reste immobile, et qui sert à faciliter le transport des marchandises et des denrées encombrantes. Sur un canal, un cheval peut traîner 30 ou 40 fois plus que sur une route. </p> <p>On creuse un canal lorsqu'il n'existe pas de cours d'eau navigable entre deux villes ou deux régions qui ont entre elles des relations commerciales importantes. Comme l'eau ne doit pas couler dans le canal (car on ne saurait comment s'y prendre pour l'alimenter), on le forme de parties longues de 1 à 2 ou 3 kilomètres au maximum, qu'on appelle biez, et qui se trouvent respectivement les unes au-dessus ou au-dessous des autres de 7 à 8 mètres. </p> <p>Un canal, dans son profil, représente donc une sorte d'escalier à marches très longues qui s'élèvent successivement jusqu'au point le plus élevé séparant les lieux à mettre en communication, puis redescendant jusqu'au lieu terminal. </p> <p>Les <term>écluses</term> sont des fossés à bords perpendiculaires, solidement maçonnés, profonds de 7 à 8 mètres, et qui servent à faire communiquer deux biez entre eux. </p> <p>Toute écluse présente à chacune de ses deux extrémités une porte énorme. Voici comment le tout fonctionne. Supposons qu'il faille faire remonter un bateau du biez inférieur au biez supérieur : l'écluse est pleine d'eau ; on ouvre deux petites vannes à la partie la plus basse de la porte du biez inférieur ; l'écluse se vide rapidement et l'eau y descend au niveau du biez inférieur ; la chose achevée, on ouvre les portes <fw type="header"> 408 SUZETTE. </fw> <pb type="page" n="408" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_408.jpg"/> et le bateau est amené dans l'écluse. Les portes étant formées, on lève les vannes de la porte supérieure ; l'écluse se remplit et bientôt le bateau est au niveau du biez où il doit entrer. La porte supérieure est alors ouverte, et le bateau pénètre sans difficulté dans le biez en question. </p> <p>Les principaux canaux de <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> sont ceux de la région de la <placeName key="Flanders" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q234">Flandre</placeName>, le <placeName key="Canal de Saint-Quentin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1032591">canal de Saint-Quentin</placeName>, celui de la <placeName key="Marne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41983">Marne</placeName> au <placeName key="Rhin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21198444">Rhin</placeName>, du <placeName key="Rhône" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q602">Rhône</placeName> au <placeName key="Rhin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21198444">Rhin</placeName>, de <placeName key="Bourgogne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1218849">Bourgogne</placeName>, de <placeName key="Briare" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q818443">Briare</placeName>, du <placeName>Centre</placeName>, de <placeName>Nantes</placeName> à <placeName key="Brest" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12193">Brest</placeName>, du <placeName key="Nivernais" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1468519">Nivernais</placeName>, du <placeName>Midi</placeName>. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
114. — Un cadeau. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"/></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch114"> <pb n="400" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_400.jpg"/> <head type="chapter">114. — Un cadeau. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>Le surlendemain, à la fin du jour, <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, rentré des champs, les pieds dans de bons et spacieux sabots qu'il appelait ses pantoufles, regardait paternellement <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>.</p> <p>En robe claire et tablier à carreaux, elle vaquait au <pb n="401" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_401.jpg"/> ménage, qui, en ces quarante-huit heures, avait repris toute sa gentillesse passée. Elle vint ensuite s'asseoir près de la fenêtre, devant un <objectName>panier</objectName> de belles <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="salade">laitues</objectName>, bien pommées, et d'une fraicheur à vous mettre l'eau à la bouche. Elle commençait l'épluchage, quand le gros loquet de la porte s'ébranla.</p> <figure> <caption><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="salade">Laitue</objectName>. — <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="salade">Romaine</objectName>. — <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">Chicorée</objectName>. Les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> sont des <objectName>plantes</objectName> crues que l'on mange assaisonnées avec de l'<objectName>huile</objectName>, du <objectName>vinaigre</objectName>, du <objectName>poivre</objectName>, du <objectName>sel</objectName> et quelquefois de la <objectName>moutarde</objectName>. Pour en relever le goût, on y ajoute souvent de l'<objectName>ail</objectName>, de la <objectName>ciboule</objectName>, du <objectName>cerfeuil</objectName>, de la <objectName>civette</objectName>, de la <objectName>pimprenelle</objectName>, de l'<objectName>estragon</objectName>, dont la réunion forme ce qu'on appelle de la <objectName>fourniture</objectName>. Chaque saison apporte sa <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> particulière. En épluchant la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName>, ayez bien soin d'examiner s'il n'y reste pas de <objectName>limaçons</objectName> ou d'i<objectName>nsectes</objectName>. Les salades sont en général rafraichissantes.</caption> </figure> <p>— Bon ! dit-elle, sans même pencher la tête pour regarder au dehors, voilà nos écoliers ! et probablement avec les dents longues, comme à l'habitude.</p> <p>Mais ce fut <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> qui entra, guêtré de toile bleue, tout embourbé de l'argile des labours, par lesquels il avait pris pour abréger les deux lieues de chemin qui séparaient la ferme de son patron de celle des <persName>Dumay</persName>.</p> <p>— Bonsoir, Monsieur ! bonsoir, Mademoiselle !</p> <p>Sa voix tremblait d'une joie contenue.</p> <p>— Qu'y a-t-il, mon ami ? demanda le père.</p> <p>— J'ai pensé aux <objectName>abeilles</objectName>, répondit-il, je vous apporte une <objectName>ruche</objectName> avec son <objectName>essaim</objectName>. </p> <p>— Avec son <objectName>essaim</objectName> ! s'écria Suzette.</p> <p>— Mon patron me l'a donné ; moi, j'ai fait la <objectName>ruche</objectName>, en <objectName>paille de seigle</objectName> bien tressée, solide et légère. Elle est là dans la cour. Voulez-vous la voir ?</p> <p>On courut à la cour ; on vit la ruche soigneusement enveloppée d'une toile, et on alla aussitôt la mettre en place dans le jardin.</p> <pb n="402" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_402.jpg"/> <p>— Ah ! monsieur <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName>, que je vous remercie ! dit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>. Voilà la seule chose qui pût me faire plaisir ; vous l'avez deviné.</p> <p>Elle lui tendit la main. Il semblait encore plus heureux qu'elle et montrait la vérité du vieux dicton* : « Plus doux est donner que recevoir. » On le retint à souper. Après le <objectName>repas</objectName> d'<objectName>œufs à la coque</objectName> et de fraîches <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName>, on alla en famille faire un bout de conduite à l'ami <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName>.</p> <p>Le garçon, maintenant bien traité, estimé pour son travail, avait perdu sa physionomie un peu dure d'autrefois. A cette heure, sa parole, toute sa personne respiraient la paix d'un cœur adouci.</p> <p>En revenant avec les siens après un quart d'heure de route, <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> dit :</p> <p>— Le voilà hors d'affaire, content de son sort. Je ne suis pas fâché que monsieur mon neveu, l'explorateur, nous ait procuré l'occasion de nous montrer les amis de ce pauvre enfant. Un peu de bonté envers les déshérités, il n'en faut pas plus, souvent, pour faire des heureux et de braves gens.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Comment était <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> le surlendemain et que faisait-il ?</item> <item>— A quoi s'était occupée <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> depuis quarante-huit heures et quel travail la tenait auprès de la fenêtre ?</item> <item>— Que dit-elle quand on frappa à la porte ?</item> <item>— Qui arrivait ?</item> <item>— Comment était <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> ?</item> <item>— Que dit-il à <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, puis à <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ?</item> <item>— Que vit-on dans la cour ? Comment fut-il remercié ?</item> <item>— Que lui offrit-on ?</item> <item>— Quel changement s'était fait en <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> ?</item> <item>— Quelle réflexion fit <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> au sujet de <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Syivain</persName> quand ce dernier fut parti ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="morale"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Quand peut-on dire qu'une jeune fille est bonne ?</item> <item>— Exemples.</item> <item>— La bonté empêche-t-elle qu'on blâme ce qui est mal ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi celle qui ne s'élève pas contre le mal n'est-elle pas vraiment bonne ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi la mère qui ne reprend pas les défauts de ses enfants n'est-elle pas une bonne mère ?</item> <item>— Comment peut-on être bonne et, en même temps, sévère à l'égard de ce qui est contraire au devoir ?</item> <item>— Exemples.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term>bonté</term>, qui est la plus grande vertu de la femme, consiste à satisfaire et à soulager les besoins des autres avant même qu'ils aient été exprimés ; elle va au secours de la pensée qui n'ose se produire, lit dans les regards baissés, entend le soupir qu'on étouffe, comprend et saisit le désir à peine formé. Elle n'oublie personne, ne manque à rien. Le mot qui va blesser, s'arrête sur les lèvres de la jeune fille vraiment bonne ; elle réprime dans son cœur tout sentiment capable d'affliger autrui. (Sur ces données, les élèves trouveront elles-mêmes des exemples qu'elles emprunteront à la vie de l'école et de la famille.)</p> <pb n="403" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_403.jpg"/> <fw type="header">UN CADEAU. 403</fw> <p>La bonté n'est pas <term>faiblesse</term> ; la bonté n'est ni tendresse ni obligeance banales, ni parti pris de trouver tout bien et d'être indifférent à tout ; la bonté n'est pas non plus indulgence aveugle et sensibilité au service du premier venu. Céder à tous, c'est ne rendre justice à la raison de personne ; aimer et obliger tout le monde, c'est n’aimer, c'est n'obliger personne. Trouver tout bien, c'est couvrir toutes les fautes de la même indulgence ; c'est traiter le mal à l'égal du bien ; c'est n'avoir la notion juste ni de l'un ni de l'autre.</p> <p>Une mère qui ne reprend pas les défauts de ses enfants, les encourage à mal faire et les expose à contracter des habitudes qui, plus tard, seront des vices. Quand la plante est jeune, c'est là, dit-on, qu'il la faut redresser. Une mère peut reprendre ses enfants sans cesser d'être bonne, si elle le fait avec modération et réflexion, avec justice et indulgence, si elle est prompte à saisir l'éclair du repentir et à se servir de cette disposition pour que le châtiment soit accepté et subi avec résignation, comme une réparation nécessaire. Qu'elle ne sourie jamais à une action maligne, à un sentiment égoïste, à un mensonge ingénieux de l'enfant, mais qu'elle témoigne froidement et sur-le-champ le mécontentement qu'elle éprouve : l'enfant, qui la regarde comme sa conscience visible, retombera bien plus rarement dans pareilles fautes.</p> </div> </div> <div type="histoire"> <head type="sujets">Histoire naturelle.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Quelles <objectName>plantes</objectName> sont employées pour préparer les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Décrivez les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> diverses, la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName>, le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName>, le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlit</objectName>.</item> <item>— Ajoutez quelques détails sur la culture des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> et de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Les plantes employées pour les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> sont : la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue</objectName></term>, dont il y a plusieurs variétés telles que la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue frisée</objectName></term> et la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">romaine</objectName></term> ; la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName></term>, le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName></term>, le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlit</objectName></term>, le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">céleri</objectName></term>.</p> <p>La <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue ordinaire</objectName></term> porte des feuilles larges, vertes ou brunes, qui se réunissent en une sorte de boule lorsque la <objectName>plante</objectName> acquiert son complet développement ; la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue romaine</objectName></term> a des <objectName>feuilles</objectName> allongées, raides, et forme des touffes d'où l'on tire souvent la matière de plusieurs <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName>. La <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName></term> est remarquable par ses <objectName>feuilles</objectName> extrêmement découpées que l'on réunit en faisceau, comme celles de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue</objectName>, pour les faire blanchir et les rendre ainsi plus tendres à manger.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName></term> présente des <objectName>tiges</objectName> herbacées de faible consistance qui portent des <objectName>feuilles</objectName> vert foncé, de forme arrondie et de saveur forte. On mange les unes et les autres.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlit</objectName></term> ordinaire croit naturellement dans les <objectName>prairies</objectName> ; c'est une <objectName>plante</objectName> de petite dimension du pied de laquelle sortent des <objectName>feuilles</objectName> très allongées, de saveur amère ; on arrache les pieds au printemps, dans la première période de leur croissance, et on les mange ainsi en <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName>.</p> <p>Les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> et les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorées</objectName> sont semées sur <objectName>couche</objectName> et sous <objectName>châssis</objectName> dès que les froids les plus rigoureux ont pris fin ; on les repique dans des <objectName>plates-bandes</objectName> bien fumées et on peut les récolter dès la fin de mai, ou de juin, s'il s'agit de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName>. Si l'on veut obtenir des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> au mois d'avril, on repique des <objectName>pieds</objectName> pris également sur <objectName>couche</objectName> au mois d'octobre. On a soin de les planter à l'exposition du midi, le long d'un <objectName>mur</objectName>, par exemple.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="économie_domestique" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujeco_114"> <head type="sujets">Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'une <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Comment prépareriez-vous une <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> à la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue</objectName>, à la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chirorée</objectName>, au <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName>, aux <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissentits</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Prix du pied de chacune de ces <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> au dernier marché. (Il n'est pas question du <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName> ni des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlits</objectName> </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> est un <objectName>mets</objectName> composé de certaines <objectName>herbes</objectName> ou de certains <objectName>légumes</objectName> assaisonnés avec du <objectName>sel</objectName>, du <objectName>vinaigre</objectName> et de l'<objectName>huile</objectName>, quelquefois avec du <objectName>poivre</objectName> et de la <objectName>moutarde</objectName>.</p> <pb n="404" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_404.jpg"/> <p><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">LAITUE</objectName>. — Enlevez les feuilles vertes extérieures et les plus grosses côtes ; fendez les plus grandes <objectName/><objectName>feuilles</objectName> dans le sens de la longueur et coupez-les en deux ou trois morceaux ; lavez à plusieurs <objectName>eaux</objectName> et égouttez en vous servant d'un <objectName>panier à claire-voie</objectName>, dit vulgairement <objectName>panier à salade</objectName>. Assaisonnez ensuite de <objectName>sel</objectName>, de <objectName>poivre</objectName>, d'<objectName>huile</objectName> et de <objectName>vinaigre</objectName> (ce dernier <objectName>condiment</objectName>, dans la proportion du tiers de l'<objectName>huile</objectName>) ; retournez jusqu'à ce que toutes les <objectName>feuilles</objectName> soient imbibées, enfin présentez aux <roleName>convives</roleName> le <objectName>saladier</objectName>.</p> <p><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default">CHICORÉE</objectName>. — La <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade de chicorée</objectName>, celles de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName> et de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlits</objectName> se préparent de la même manière, sauf en ce qui concerne les <objectName>feuilles</objectName>. On ajoute à celle de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName> des <objectName>croûtes de pain</objectName> frottées d'<objectName>ail</objectName> qui en relèvent le goût.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
113. — Le retour. 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<div type="récit"> <p>— La voici ! la voici ! crièrent <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> et <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>. Suivis de <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, ils coururent à la porte de la cour, où arrivait la carriole que menait <persName type="fictif" key="jacques">Jacques</persName>, assis auprès de sa sœur.</p> <p>— Bonjour ! bonjour !</p> <p>— Ma fille !</p> <p>— Papa !</p> <p>Légère comme un oiseau, la Parisienne sauta à terre, se jeta dans les bras qu'on lui tendait.</p> <p>— Ah ! la bonne mine !</p> <p>— Et la tante va bien ?</p> <p>— Et l'explorateur ?</p> <p>— Et l'Exposition ?</p> <p>Tout en répondant à droite et à gauche, elle atteignit la porte ouverte de la maison :</p> <p>— Ah !!!... </p> <p>Voilà les bottes, le chaudron, la grosse soupière, le gros chat gris, les épluchures, les escarbilles ! tout cela était de retour, là, à terre, pêle-mêle !</p> <p>Et la poussière s'étalait partout comme en pays conquis. Là-haut, au beau milieu de la maîtresse poutre, une araignée, au bout de son fil, gigotait gaiement de ses huit pattes avec l'air de se moquer des gens et du balai.</p> <pb type="page" n="397" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_397.jpg"/> <fw>LE RETOUR. 397</fw> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> sourit. On a beau se dire : Il va m'en coûter un fameux coup de torchon ! on n'est pas fâchée de constater son utilité en ce monde et l'importance dé la place qu'on tient au foyer.</p> <p>Oui, sans vous, petite ménagère, rien ne va plus ici. Reparaissez, et, par la vertu de votre baguette, tout redeviendra propre et délicat !</p> <figure> <caption>La voici ! la voici !... Ma fille !</caption> </figure> <p>Les bottes, le chaudron n'ont qu'à se bien tenir, hein ? dit en riant doucement <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, qui lisait sur le visage de sa fille. Ce sont ces vilains garçons qui ont remis les choses en cet état par leur refus de...</p> <p>—D'empiéter*<note type="annotation">Empiéter. Exercer des droits qu'on n'a pas.</note> sur les droits de notre sœur, dit <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> en riant aussi.</p> <p>A ce moment, on entendit dans la rue des voix joyeuses et le bruit d'une ribambelle de pieds. Les fillettes sortaient de l'école ; c'était l'instant d'aller embrasser <persName type="fictif" key="mme_valon">Mme Valon</persName>.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> y courut, et resta bien trois quarts d'heure avec cette bonne et intelligente amie. Elle lui parla de <fw type="footer">SUZETTE (Maitresse) <fw type="sig"> 23 </fw></fw> <pb type="page" n="398" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_398.jpg"/> <fw>398 SUZETTE.</fw> son beau voyage, en personne qui, selon les recommandations, avait ouvert les yeux et les oreilles. Ses lettres, d'ailleurs, l'avaient déjà prouvé. <persName type="fictif" key="mme_valon">Mme Valon</persName> le lui dit.</p> <p>Retournée à la ferme, elle y trouva un autre salut de bienvenue amicale. <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> était là depuis une minute. Il profitait, dit-il, d'une course au <placeName key="Le Catelet" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q596175">Catelet</placeName> pour faire, en passant, une visite à ses amis et prendre des nouvelles de son camarade l'explorateur.</p> <p>Il tenait une corbeille de paille reliée d'écorce de ronce qui semblait lui embarrasser beaucoup les mains. Enfin il dit assez timidement :</p> <p>—Je me suis amusé à la tresser. Si elle pouvait vous faire plaisir, mademoiselle <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>, vous y serreriez des œufs, des fruits.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> la regardait.</p> <p>— Elle est très jolie, dit-elle ; je vous remercie. Mais, dites-moi, n'est-ce pas ainsi avec de la paille et de l'écorce qu'on tresse les ruches d'abeilles ?</p> <p>Oui, et je saurais bien tresser aussi des ruches. Elle battit des mains :</p> <p>— Ah ! dit-elle, aux jours de loisir, n'est-ce pas ? vous enseignerez cela à <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>, qui a les doigts agiles. Savez-vous que je vais avoir des abeilles ?</p> <p>Elle parla de sa visite au Jardin d'acclimatation et de la bonne fâcherie du vieux monsieur. <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> hochait joyeusement la tête, se frottait doucement les mains. Le récit achevé, et le temps pressant, il prit congé en disant qu'il reviendrait bientôt.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Comment <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> et <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> annoncèrent-ils l'arrivée de <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Reproduisez le dialogue entre la jeune fille et son père.</item> <item>— Quel aspect présentait la chambre ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi cela ne faisait-il pas honneur aux frères de <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Que se dit-elle gaiement ? </item> <item>— Que dit <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> en riant ?</item> <item>— Qu'entendit-on en ce moment dans la rue ?</item> <item>— Où alla <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Que dit-elle à <persName type="fictif" key="mme_valon">Mme Valon</persName> ? </item> <item>— Qui trouva-t-elle à son retour et quel était l'objet du voyage du jeune homme ? </item> <item>— Que tenait-il à la main et comment l'offrit-il ? </item> <item>— Que dit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> et quel renseignement demandat-elle ? </item> <item>— Qu'ajouta <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> et que lui répondit-on ? </item> <item>— De quoi parla <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> à cette occasion ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="morale"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Quelle différence y a-t-il entre une amie et une camarade ? </item> <item>— Que doit-on rechercher dans la société d'une amie ? </item> <item>— Que faut-il faire pour conserver son estime et son affection ? </item> <item>— Quel avantage résulte d'une amitié qui existe dans ces conditions ?</item> <item>— Est-il possible d'avoir beaucoup d'amies, et pourquoi ?</item> </list> </div> <pb type="page" n="399" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_399.jpg"/> <fw>LE RETOUR. 399</fw> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une <term>amie</term> est une jeune fille avec laquelle on est unie par une affection réciproque fondée sur l'estime et comportant une confiance entière. C'est comme une sœur pour qui nous n'avons pas de secrets, auprès de laquelle nous cherchons un appui dans les circonstances difficiles, une consolation dans les chagrins, et avec qui nous sommes heureuse de partager nos bonheurs. La mort seule peut rompre les liens d'une véritable amitié.</p> <p>Une <term>camarade</term> est une jeune personne qui partage nos travaux parce qu'elle se trouve dans la même situation que nous. Telles sont les écolières, les ouvrières d'un atelier. Entre camarades, on a des égards, des attentions, on se rend volontiers service ; mais il n'existe pas d'intimité proprement dite, c'est-à-dire de liaison etroite. On doit rechercher, dans la société d'une amie, la <term>vertu</term> qui constitue la beauté du sentiment qui nous unit à elle, la <term>sincérité</term>, le <term>dévouement</term> et le <term>bon exemple</term>. Pour conserver l'affection d'une amie véritable, il faut mériter son estime en pratiquant les vertus que nous venons d'indiquer et prouver que nos sentiments sont désintéressés. L'amie par intérêt n'est pas une amie reelle.</p> <p>Une véritable amitié met tout en commun : la fortune, les qualités de l'esprit, les sentiments du cœur ; elle se manifeste par un continuel échange de bons offices ; l'amie devient pour nous comme notre conscience visible ; pour elle, rien de plus naturel que de se dévouer de s'intéresser aux nôtres, de nous ménager d'agréables surprises, d'adoucir nos peines, de soutenir nos espérances.</p> <p>Les qualités que réclame la véritable amitié sont très difficiles à pratiquer : c'est pourquoi les amies sincères se rencontrent si rarement ; nous ne saurions donc trop les apprécier lorsque nous avons le bonheur d'en avoir.</p> </div> </div> <div type="industrie"> <head type="sujets">Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— LA HOUILLE.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que des escarbilles (1) ? </item> <item>— D'où provient la houille ? </item> <item>— Donnez un aperçu de la formation de la houille. </item> <item>— Où se trouvent en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> des dépôts de houille ? </item> <item>— Comment est une mine de houille ? </item> <item>— Montrez combien est pénible le travail des mineurs. </item> <item>— A quels dangers sont-ils exposés ? </item> <item>— Comment prévient-on les explosions de gaz dans les houillères ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term>houille</term> est un combustible minéral qui provient d'immenses tourbières où les végétaux accumulés ont subi d'abord une sorte de fermentation qui n'a laissé que le carbone, et c'est sous la pression des couches de terrain qui ont recouvert ces matériaux, et par l'action de la chaleur terrestre, que la tourbe s'est transformée en une matière bitumineuse laquelle développe, en brûlant, une chaleur considérable. La houille contient 72 à 99 p. 100 de carbone ; elle se divise en <term>houille grasse</term> à longue flamme, et en <term>houille maigre</term> ou <term>anthracite</term> à courte flamme.</p> <p>Les principaux dépôts ou mines de houille de la <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> sont celles du <placeName key="Scheldt basin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2887577">bassin de l'Escaut</placeName>, à <placeName key="Anzin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q544220"><term>Anzin</term></placeName> et vers <placeName key="Valenciennes" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q163795"><term>Valenciennes</term></placeName>, — celles de l'<placeName key="Artois" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159987">Artois</placeName>, à <placeName key="Lens" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165271"><term>Lens</term></placeName> et <placeName key="Somain" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q626382"><term>Somain</term></placeName>, — celles du centre au <placeName key="Le Creusot" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q329664"><term>Creusot</term></placeName>, à <placeName key="Blanzy" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1365776"><term>Blanzy</term></placeName>, à <placeName key="Montchanin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1465484"><term>Montchanin</term></placeName>, — celles du <placeName key="Cher" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213503">bassin du Cher supérieur</placeName>, à <placeName key="Commentry" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q510013"><term>Commentry</term></placeName>. — d'entre la et le , à <placeName key="Saint-Étienne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42716"><term>Saint-Etienne</term></placeName> et <placeName key="Rive-de-Gier" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q659298"><term>Rive-de-Gier</term></placeName>. — enfin celles des vallées de l' et du , à <placeName key="Alès" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193183"><term>Alais</term></placeName>, la <placeName key="La Grand-Combe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q239967"><term>Grand'Combe</term></placeName>, <placeName key="Decazeville" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q591281"><term>Decazeville</term></placeName>. Elles produisent de 120 à 130 millions de tonnes de combustible.</p> <p>Une mine de houille se compose d'un ou de plusieurs <term>puits</term> qui descendent jusqu'aux couches à exploiter, et de <term>galeries</term> en nombre <fw type="footer">(1) On entend par <term>escarbilles</term> des fragments de houille incomplètement brûlés qui se mlent aux cendres d'un poèle ou d'un foyer.</fw> <pb type="page" n="400" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_400.jpg"/> <fw>400 SUZETTE.</fw> considérable. Ce sont de longs, étroits et obscurs corridors creusés dans le charbon, et qu'on remplit de pierres à mesure qu'ils ne servent plus.</p> <p>Quelques-unes de ces galeries sont basses, mal aérées ; le mineur y travaille souvent couché sur le dos et de côté, frappant de sa pioche la couche de combustible, éclairé par une petite lampe fumeuse, et souffrant de l'extrème chaleur que l'on ressent toujours dans les profondeurs du sol. Parfois, il se dégage de la houille un gaz analogue au gaz d'éclairage ; s'il se trouve en contact avec une flamme, il prend feu et une explosion terrible se produit, renversant ou bouleversant la galerie et brûlant les mineurs.</p> <p>On prévient cet affreux danger en munissant les ouvriers de lampes entourées d'une toile métallique qui ne laisse point passer la flamme, parce qu'elle la refroidit au contact des mailles du tissu de fils d'acier.</p> </div> </div> <div type="économie_domestique"> <head type="sujets">Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment peut-on employer la houille dans le ménage ? </item> <item>— Quels avantages présente-t-elle sur le bois et la tourbe ? </item> <item>— Quels en sont les inconvénients ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La houille est employée dans le ménage, soit pour alimenter le feu des cheminées et des poèles, soit pour la cuisson des aliments dans des fourneaux de fonte, communément appelés cuisinières. Elle donne beaucoup plus de chaleur que le bois et surtout que la tourbe ; enfin, elle coûte sensiblement moins cher que le premier de ces combustibles. Toutefois, son usage présente certains inconvénients : elle dégage des vapeurs sulfureuses et bitumineuses malsaines à respirer, et elle salit les appartements, tant la fumée qu'elle produit est noire et épaisse.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>Comment récure-t-on les diverses pièces de la batterie de cuisine et principalement celles de cuivre ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Les ustensiles en fer se récurent avec du grès et de l'eau seulement, en frottant avec un chiffon ou avec une petite lame de bois blanc. Ceux de <term>fer-blanc</term> ne pourraient souffrir le récurage au grès ; on doit se contenter de les mettre quelque temps dans de l'eau bouillante additionnée de beaucoup de cendre et de les frotter avec une torche de paille ou un chiffon. On conseille de tremper les objets de fer et de fer-blanc sujets à la rouille dans une eau de chaux vive, un peu épaisse, et de les laisser sécher. On les essuie ensuite et ils sont aussi brillants que s'ils sortaient de la main de l'ouvrier.</p> <p>Les ustensiles <term>en étain</term> se nettoient parfaitement avec du blanc d'Espagne et de l'eau, et on les finit avec un chiffon sec.</p> <p>Pour les casseroles et chaudrons <term>de cuivre</term>, on se sert de grès ou de sablon, mêlé à un demi-quart en volume de farine ; on frotte avec un chiffon en ajoutant de l'eau, ou encore avec la main, ce qui rend l'ouvrage plus parfait. On lave et l'on fait sécher. Les chandeliers et autres ustensiles se nettoient de préférence avec de l'eau de cuivre. On verse un peu de cette eau sur un chiffon de laine et on en frotte le cuivre, dont on a enlevé les matières grasses ; quand il est bien éclairci, on achève au moyen du tripoli sec en frottant avec un chiffon.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
110. — Le rucher. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425491", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.491Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.491Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425491#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425491#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Minuscule. Tout\n petit." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425493", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.493Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.493Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425493#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425493#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note[2]" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Chalet. Maison de bois que l'on construit\n surtout dans les montagnes." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425494", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.494Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.494Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425494#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425494#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[2]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Douar. Village arabe\n forme de tentes." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425495", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.495Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:44:25.495Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425495#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch110.xml?note_annotation_20231024104425495#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[22]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Lucratif. Qui\n produit un bon revenu." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": 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type="récit"> <p>C'étaient une dizaine de minuscules*<note type="annotation">Minuscule. Tout petit.</note> maisonnettes haut perchées, les unes de bois, semblables à des chalets*<note type="annotation">Chalet. Maison de bois que l'on construit surtout dans les montagnes.</note>, les autres de paille, en forme de cloche. Elles formaient un cercle.</p> <p>— Cela ressemble à un petit douar*<note type="annotation">Douar. Village arabe forme de tentes.</note> arabe, dit l'explorateur <persName key="pascal" type="fictif">Pascal</persName>.</p> <p>Des gens étaient rangés là, autour d'un vieux monsieur qui parlait. Ce monsieur, grand, maigre, portait un haut chapeau sur ses cheveux blancs, et un tablier bleu, à bavette, sur son vêtement noir.</p> <p>Il s'interrompit pour inviter les arrivants à entrer.</p> <p>Sans doute, à cause du douar, <persName key="pascal" type="fictif">Pascal</persName> entra le premier ; la famille suivit.</p> <p>Le monsieur les mit aussitôt au fait en leur disant : </p> <p>— Il s'agit d'apiculture, de culture des abeilles.</p> <figure> <caption>Larve de l'abeille. Reste six jours dans cet état avant de devenir nymphe. </caption> </figure> <figure> <caption>Abeilles. l. Reine. — 2. Mâle ou faux-bourdon. 3. Ouvrière. </caption> </figure> <p>Et montrant les maisonnettes : </p> <p>— Vous voyez le rucher. J'étais en train de demander si, parmi les personnes qui m'écoutent, il y a un habitant, une habitante de la campagne.</p> <p>On ne répondit pas ; mais <persName type="fictif" key="pascal">Pascal</persName>, <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName>, <persName type="fictif" key="marthe">Marthe</persName> regardèrent <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> qui toussa, légèrement embarrassée.</p> <p>Le monsieur la regarda aussi, et <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">Mme Richard</persName>, prenant la parole, dit que mademoiselle, sa nièce, était fermière à <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName>.</p> <p>— Mademoiselle est fermière !</p> <pb type="page" n="388" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_388.jpg"/> <fw>388 SUZETTE.</fw> <p>— Oui, Monsieur, répondit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>.</p> <p>— A la bonne heure ! on va s'entendre... Vous élevez des abeilles ? </p> <p>— Des abeilles ? non, Monsieur.</p> <p>— Comment non ? alors vous êtes une fermière millionnaire ?</p> <p>Il vit bien au rire de <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> qu'elle avait encore moins de millions que d'abeilles.</p> <p>— Et dans votre village de <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName>, on agit sans doute comme vous, en fait d'apiculture ?</p> <p>— Oui, Monsieur.</p> <p>— C'est cela ! c'est cela ! Et vous n'êtes probablement pas les derniers en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> à vous plaindre de la dureté des temps et de la peine qu'on a à vivre ?... Eh bien ! Mademoiselle, reprit-il, si vous aviez mon âge, je me fâcherais tout rouge contre vous ! </p> <figure> <caption> Abeille butineuse. Elle s'introduit dans la fleur, y plonge sa trompe, espèce de langue qui aspire la liqueur sucrée, et elle s'envole emportant sur le duvet de son corps, ainsi que dans les brosses et les corbeilles de ses pattes, le pollen de la fleur, sous forme de pelote.</caption> </figure> <p>Il se fâchait, et comme il faut, mais c'était la très pardonnable fâcherie de la science contre l'ignorance : </p> <p>— Est-il donc possible qu'une fermière ne se soucie pas d'avoir au midi de sa ferme un bel et bourdonnant et lucratif*<note type="annotation">Lucratif. Qui produit un bon revenu.</note> rucher ! Y a-t-il de l'esprit à se priver d'une précieuse ressource en même temps que d'une très intéressante occupation ! </p> <p>Il ajouta : </p> <p>Quoique je ne vous fasse pas trop de compliments, vous plaît-il, Mademoiselle, d'écouter, de regarder un moment ? </p> <figure> <caption>Pattes d'une abeille. Brosses (1) et corbeilles (2) dans les quelles l'abeille emmagasine le pollen.</caption> </figure> <p>Toute cette brusquerie ne déplut pas à Mlle <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName>, qui, quoique un peu gênée, voyait bien d'où elle partait.</p> <p>Elle répondit : </p> <p>Monsieur, j'écoute, et je regarde.</p> </div> <pb type="page" n="389" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_389.jpg"/> <fw>LE RUCHER. 389</fw> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Sous quel aspect se présentait le rucher ? </item> <item>— Quelle singulière réflexion fit <persName key="pascal" type="fictif">Pascal</persName> ? </item> <item>— Que voyait-on autour d'un monsieur dont vous ferez le portraît ? </item> <item>— Que dit le monsieur aux arrivants ? </item> <item>— Qu'était-il en train de demander à ses auditeurs ? </item> <item>— Comment sut-il que <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> était de la campagne ? </item> <item>— Quel dialogue s'engagea entre le monsieur et <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi ce monsieur se fâcha-t-il ? </item> <item>— Que dit-il à propos des fermières qui ne se soucient pas d'avoir un rucher ? </item> <item>— Que proposa-t-il à <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi sa brusquerie ne déplut-elle pas à la jeune fermière ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="morale" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujmor_110"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce que travailler isolément ? </item> <item>— Exemples.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que s'associer pour exéeuter un travail ? </item> <item>— Exemples.</item> <item>— Avantages de l'association.</item> <item>— Parler des sociétés de secours mutuels.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <ab>Travailler isolément, c'est commencer seul et achever seul une tâche quelconque. Un homme qui voudrait faire, sans aide aucune, une maison d'habitation, un outil, travaillerait isolément. La fermière qui fait son pain, allume son four, y met le pain, l'y laisse cuire, le retire, est dans le même cas.</ab> <p>Un travail demande beaucoup plus de temps, lorsqu'il est long et compliqué, si la même personne l'exécute ; il est encore bien plus dispendieux. Aussi y a-t-il longtemps que les hommes se sont associés afin que chacun, exécutant toujours la même tâche, puisse la faire mieux, plus vite et à meilleur compte. Qu'en serait-il, par exemple, si chaque père et mère de famille étaient tenus de bâtir leur maison, de confectionner leurs meubles, leurs outils, les étoffes des vêtements, les chaussures, etc., etc ? ils n'auraient pas un instant pour cultiver le champ et le jardin qui doivent produire la nourriture nécessaire.</p> <p>Qui pourrait d'ailleurs se passer entièrement de l'aide et du secours d'autrui ? Nous en avons besoin dans l'enfance ; nous en avons besoin en tout et toujours. Représentez-vous un homme seul, sans relations avec ses semblables, n'en recevant rien, ne leur rendant rien : ce serait le sauvage au milieu des bois ; ce serait bien moins que le sauvage, car le sauvage vit en famille, en société ; ce serait bien moins que l'animal qui a sa femelle et ses petits dont il prend soin, et qui s'associe souvent encore, soit pour la défense réciproque, soit pour un travail commun, avec des individus de même espèce.</p> <p>A côté de cette association générale qui constitue ce que nous appelons les sociétés humaines ou simplement la société, il existe des associations particulières entre un certain nombre de personnes ; leur objet est de pourvoir aux nécessités qui résultent de l'incapacité de travail, de la maladie, de la vieillesse pour chacun des membres successivement. On les dénomme <term>sociétés de secours mutuels</term>.</p> <p>Elles se constituent en choisissant parmi les membres un président, un bureau, un caissier, un secrétaire. Le bureau, à la tête duquel est le président, vérifie les comptes du caissier auquel tous les membres versent chaque année une somme fixe appelée <term>cotisation</term> ; il examine ensuite les demandes de secours et détermine le montant de la somme à allouer à chacun des solliciteurs. Le secrétaire prend note de toutes les décisions du bureau.</p> <p>Ainsi, chaque membre de l'association est assuré d'avoir toujours le nécessaire, pour lui d'abord, puis pour les siens, s'il tombe malade ou s'il lui devient impossible de travailler, enfin s'il meurt sans laisser de ressources.</p> <p>Parmi ces associations dont l'Etat surveille les opérations, il y a : </p> <p>La <term>société d'assurance</term> contre les accidents, qui garantit à chaque membre une pension de 300 francs dès qu'il sera incapable de travailler ; </p> <p>La <term>Caisse des retraites</term>, institution dont l'objat est de procurer aux <fw type="footer"><fw type="sig">22</fw></fw> <pb type="page" n="390" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_390.jpg"/> <fw>390 SUZETTE.</fw> plus pauvres, par le versement annuel d'une faible somme, une exis tence assurée pour leurs vieux jours (1).</p> <p>Il y a des assurances sur la vie. En versant annuellement une somme de 50 francs à partir de l'âge de 30 ans, la veuve, et à son défaut les enfants, recevra, à la mort de son mari, une somme de 2,000 francs.</p> <p>D'autres associations, qui ordinairement s'établissent entre les ouvriers d'un même corps d'état ou d'une grande usine, ont pour objet l'achat en commun des denrées et des effets d'habillement, lesquels sont vendus aux associés, à peu de chose près, au prix d'achat. Chaque sociétaire verse toutes les semaines une somme fixe, et la réunion des cotisations forme le fonds sur lequel on prélève l'argent nécessaire aux achats. Les bénéfices, tout faibles qu'ils soient, finissent par constituer un capital dont le revenu permet d'acquérir les denrées et autres objets à meilleur marché encore. Une association de ce genre constituée entre les pauvres ouvriers de <placeName key="Rochdale" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q474605">Rochdale</placeName>, en <placeName key="England" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21">Angleterre</placeName>, fait par an, après les plus humbles débuts, un bénéfice d'un demi-million, dont on distribue la moitié aux membres participants. Il en existe de semblables à <placeName key="Roubaix" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34001">Roubaix</placeName>, à <placeName key="Grenoble" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1289">Grenoble</placeName>, à <placeName key="Vienne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q26849">Vienne</placeName> (<placeName key="Isère" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q12559">Isère</placeName>), et toutes sont très prospères.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="industrie" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujind_110"> <head type="sujets">Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Décrire une ruche donner d'abord des détails sur l'extérieur, puis sur ce qu'on voit à l'intérieur.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>(Prendre pour modèle la lecture 111.)</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="sciences_naturelles" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujnat_110"> <head type="sujets">Sciences naturelles.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Décrire l'abeille sous ses différents états.</item> <item>— Décrire un rayon de miel.</item> <item>— Forme des alvéoles.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'<term>abeille ouvrière</term> est un petit insecte d'une couleur brun roux, ayant deux paires d'ailes et trois paires de pattes dont les postérieures sont garnies de palettes et de brosses pour récolter le pollen des fleurs, dont elle composera son miel. Sa bouche est munie d'une trompe qu'elle applique contre les pétales ; elle en aspire le suc, rentre sa trompe dans sa bouche et dépose son butin dans un conduit d'où il passe dans l'estomac. Un aiguillon lui sert d'arme pour se défendre.</p> <p>La <term>femelle</term> ou <term>reine</term> est une abeille plus grosse que les autres, dont l'unique fonction est de pondre les œufs d'ou naîtront les petites larves qui, convenablement nourries, arriveront à l'état d'abeilles parfaites.</p> <p>Les <term>faux bourdons</term> sont les abeilles mâles ; ils ne vont pas à la recherche du miel ; aussi, dès la ponte des œufs de la reine, ils sont mis à mort. Leur nombre est à peine le dixième de celui des ouvrières.</p> <p>Une ruche compte de 15,000 à 30,000 individus. Les abeilles déposent le miel qu'elles produisent dans de petites constructions de cire, à six faces latérales, appelées <term>alvéoles</term> ; la régularité de ce travail est vraiment extraordinaire. C'est encore dans les aivéoles qu'elles placent les œufs et que grossissent les larves. Leur réunion forme un gâteau.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="hygiène" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujhyg_110"> <head type="sujets">Hygiène.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment doit-on se vétir, se nourrir, se rafraichir pendant la période des chaleurs ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Pendant la période des chaleurs, il est sage de porter des vêtements légers et plutôt de laine ou de coton que de toile ; amples, de manière que nulle partie du corps ne soit comprimée ; et il faut renouveler fréquemment ceux, qui sont en contact avec la peau, comme les flanelles, les chemises, les bas. Une nourriture confortable est nécessaire, mais elle doit comporter beaucoup de légumes et quelques fruits bien mûrs. Les cerises et les fraises sont très saines.</p> <p>On évitera de boire froid surtoût lorsqu’on sera en transpiration : <fw type="footer">(1) En versant 102 francs par an, et à partir de l'âge de 30 ans, une personne a droit, à l'âge de 60 ans, à une rente annuelle de 600 francs ; après sa mort, sa femme touchera 400 francs de rente, et, après la mort de la femme, les enfants ou autres héritiers recevront encore un capital de 1, 530 francs.</fw> <pb type="page" n="391" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_391.jpg"/> <fw>NOTRE AMIE L'ABEILLE. 391</fw> des fluxions de poitrine, des fièvres malignes et des congestions mortelles résultent d'une telle imprudence : on peut boire frais, et encore, au lieu d'avaler tout de suite, il est prudent de conserver quelques instants le liquide dans la bouche ; il sera alors plus hygiénique et le besoin de la soif exigera moins pour être satisfait.</p> <p>Les boissons qui conviennent le mieux on été sont ; le vin, le thé ou le café étendus d’eau ; l'infusion de réglisse et de gentiane où l'on aura versé un peu d'eau-de-vie est également excellente. Il ne faut abuser ni du lait, ni de la bière, ni de l'eau pure, qui provoquent des sueurs débilitantes.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
109. — La vacherie. 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Vivre misérablement." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900410", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.410Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.410Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900410#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900410#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[7]/note[2]" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Falsifié. Qui a été altéré par le\n mélange de substances étrangères." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900411", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.411Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.411Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900411#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900411#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[9]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "De la Saint-Jean. Peu de chose ; quelque\n chose d'inférieur." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": 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ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch109"> <pb type="page" n="382" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_382.jpg"/> <head> 109. — La <objectName>vacherie</objectName>. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>Tout en admirant ces superbes <objectName>volailles</objectName>, la petite caravane se trouva devant la <objectName>vacherie</objectName>. Le bâtiment était en forme de chalet ; le long des murs blancs, deux rangées de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="vache">vaches</objectName> choisies, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">normandes</objectName>, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">flamandes</objectName>, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bretonnes</objectName>, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">hollandaises</objectName>, luisantes de santé.</p> <p>Un <objectName>foin</objectName> frais et fleuri remplissait les <objectName>râteliers</objectName>. Elles mangeaient : quelques-unes, tout en ruminant*<note type="annotation">Ruminer. Faire revenir de l'estomac des mets avalés pour les mâcher.</note>, tournaient vers les visiteurs leur tête nonchalante, aux gros yeux pleins de vague songerie.</p> <p>Elles étaient là dans l'<objectName>air</objectName> oxygéné*<note type="annotation">Oxygéné. Qui contient beaucoup d'oxygène.</note> des bois, soignées en princesses et donnaient un lait aussi pur, aussi délicat que pouvait l'être celui de <placeName key="Grand Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8049">Trianon</placeName>*<note type="annotation"><placeName>Trianon</placeName>. Petit château dans l'enceinte du parc de <placeName>Versailles</placeName>.</note> dont la reine <persName type="historique">Marie-Antoinette</persName> et les dames de sa cour, déguisées en fermières, faisaient, de leurs propres mains, leur <objectName>fromage à la crème</objectName> et leur <objectName>beurre</objectName>.</p> <p>Aussi le <objectName>lait</objectName> du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> est-il réservé aux Parisiens qui peuvent le payer un franc le litre. On le leur apporte, ou ils viennent le boire, là, dans des <objectName>tasses</objectName> fines.</p> <p>Parmi les <roleName>buveurs</roleName>, nos amis reconnurent quelques jolis cavaliers de l'éléphant, des chameaux et des poneys.</p> <p>La petite <persName type="fictif">fée Urgande</persName>, descendue de son équipage mené par l'autruche, avait le nez dans sa <objectName>tasse</objectName> ; elle le leva pour respirer ; de ses yeux doux elle regarda la compagnie, et répondit au sourire que <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> lui adressait, par un autre, tout blanc de lait.</p> <p>— Ah ! dit la <persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">tante Richard</persName>, si tous les enfants de <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> pouvaient boire à pareil <objectName>bol</objectName> ! Mais que de pauvres <objectName>bébés</objectName>, dans cette grande ville, y végètent*<note type="annotation">Végéter. Vivre misérablement.</note>, y meurent par le <objectName>lait</objectName> inondé d'eau ou falsifié*<note type="annotation">Falsifié. Qui a été altéré par le mélange de substances étrangères.</note> qu'on leur sert ! </p> <p>Une grosse et blonde dame en blanc bonnet, qui venait d'entrer, se mit aussitôt de la conversation : </p> <p>— Madame, dit-elle, c'est dans mon pays, en <placeName key="Belgium" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31">Belgique</placeName>, ou même en <placeName key="Holland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q102911">Hollande</placeName> qu'il faut aller pour boire du <objectName>lait</objectName>, savez-vous ? Là, il y a des <objectName>vacheries</objectName> auprès desquelles celle-ci n'est que de la Saint-Jean*<note type="annotation">De la Saint-Jean. Peu de chose ; quelque chose d'inférieur.</note> , savez-vous ? </p> <pb type="page" n="383" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_383.jpg"/> <p>Et elle fit un tableau flamand de ces <objectName>vacheries</objectName> constamment lavées du haut en bas, des épaisses <objectName>litières</objectName> plus vite nettoyées que salies. Le sol y est en pente, avec une rigole au bas, pour l'écoulement du <objectName>purin</objectName>*<note type="annotation">Purin. Liquide qui s'écoule de la litière ou du fermier.</note> , et <figure> <caption> Il faut les voir, le matin, sur de petites voitures, trainées par de gros chiens. </caption> </figure> <figure> <caption> <objectName>Canards</objectName>, <objectName>oies</objectName> et <objectName>dindons</objectName>. Ces trois <objectName>animaux de basse-cour</objectName> nous sont d'une grande utilité. — La <objectName>chair</objectName> du <objectName>canard domestique</objectName> (1) est de bonne qualité ; on peut la conserver en la salant ou en la faisant mariner. Avec celle des <objectName>canetons</objectName> on confectionne des <objectName>pâtés d'<placeName><placeName key="Amiens" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41604">Amiens</placeName></placeName></objectName> et les foies servent à faire les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="terrine" xml:space="default">terrines de <placeName><placeName key="Nérac" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q210769">Nérac</placeName></placeName></objectName> et de <objectName><placeName><placeName key="Toulouse" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7880">Toulouse</placeName></placeName></objectName>. — L'<objectName>oie </objectName>(2) est le <objectName>mets</objectName> de prédilection des petits ménages dans les fêtes de famille pendant l'hiver ; sa <objectName>chair</objectName> est délicate et sa <objectName>graisse</objectName> très utile pour bien des <objectName>préparations</objectName> culinaires. Avec la <objectName>plume</objectName> des <objectName>oies</objectName> en garnit les <objectName>coussins</objectName>, les <objectName>oreillers</objectName> et l'on fait des <objectName>plumes pour écrire</objectName>. — Le <objectName>dindon</objectName> (3) est un gros <objectName>oiseau</objectName> dont la <objectName>chair</objectName> est très estimée et préférée à celle du <objectName>canard</objectName> et de l'<objectName>oie</objectName>. </caption> </figure> les <objectName>vaches</objectName>, quand elles se couchent, n'ont pas même la permission de traîner leur <objectName>queue</objectName> à terre ; on la relève en l'attachant. Des <objectName>étables</objectName> ! ce sont des salons, savez-vous ? J’ai été <roleName>servante</roleName>, moi, dans une <objectName>ferme</objectName> hollandaise. Il fallait voir la <objectName>laiterie</objectName> ! blanche comme neige, ventilée, mais sans <objectName>fenêtres</objectName>, fraîche ! Et la <objectName>vaisselle</objectName> <pb type="page" n="384" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_384.jpg"/> pour le <objectName>lait</objectName>, comme tout cela était rincé ! Mais aussi quelle <objectName>crème</objectName> ! quel <objectName>beurre</objectName> ! quel <objectName>fromage</objectName> ! Et à <placeName key="City of Brussels" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q239">Bruxelles</placeName>, il faut voir, le matin, dans les rues, les grandes <objectName>boîtes à lait</objectName> de cuivre poli, brillant comme or. Les <roleName>laitières</roleName> les promènent de porte en porte. Et c'est ça des <roleName>laitières</roleName> et du <objectName>lait</objectName>, savez-vous ? </p> <p>En parlant ainsi, la Flamande, heureuse de faire valoir son pays, accompagna un moment nos amis, et les quitta au détour d'un bout de rivière.</p> <p>Là, des <objectName>canards</objectName> bons enfants s'exerçaient à la culbute, au plongeon, et autres amusettes de la natation ; on apercevait, à travers les branches fleuries d'un cytise, un spectacle devant lequel <persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">Mme Richard</persName> arrêta sa troupe. </p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Donnez une idée du <objectName>bâtiment</objectName> affecté à la <objectName>vacherie</objectName>.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qui remplissait les <objectName>râteliers</objectName> et que faisaient les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">vaches</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Quelle sorte de <objectName>lait</objectName> donnaient-elles, et pourquoi ? </item> <item>— A qui est réservé le lait du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Qui reconnut-on parmi les <roleName>buveurs</roleName> ? </item> <item>— Que direz-vous de la petite fille que l'on compara à la <persName type="fictif">fée Urgande</persName> ? </item> <item>— Quel souhait forma la <persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">tante Richard</persName> ? </item> <item>— Quelle personne vint à entrer ? </item> <item>— Que se mit-elle à dire ? </item> <item>— Que raconta-t-elle des <objectName>vacheries</objectName> de <placeName key="Belgium" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31">Belgique</placeName> et de <placeName key="Holland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q102911">Hollande</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Que voit-on le matin dans les rues de <placeName key="City of Brussels" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q239">Bruxelles</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Que voyait-on, de la <objectName>vacherie</objectName>, à l'autre bout de la rivière ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="sciences_naturelles" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujnat_109"> <head type="sujets">Sciences naturelles.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce que l'air ? </item> <item>— Quels gaz entrent dans sa composition ? </item> <item>— Propriétés de chacun d'eux.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que l'atmosphère ? </item> <item>— Son épaisseur ; phénomènes qui s'y passent.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'air est un mélange de deux gaz : l'oxygène pour 21 parties sur 100, en volume, et l'azote pour 79. Il forme autour de la terre une couche dont on évalue l'épaisseur à 50 ou 60 kilomètres ; au delà est un air extrêmement raréfié, et à 100 kilomètres de hauteur il n'y a plus que le vide absolu.</p> <p>Un litre d'air pèse 1 gramme 3 dixièmes, soit un l kilog. 300 par mètre cube, à la surface du sol.</p> <p>L'<term>oxygène</term> est un gaz incolore, sans saveur et sans odeur ; il se combine avec tous les corps en dégageant de la chaleur et parfois de la lumière ; seul il peut entretenir la, vie, et c'est grâce à sa présence dans l'air et dans l'eau que les animaux terrestres et les poissons y conservent l'existence ; mais il est dangereux de le respirer pur pendant longtemps.</p> <p>L'<term>azote</term> est un gaz également incolore, sans saveur ni odeur ; il est impropre à entretenir la combustion ; une lumière plongée dans un flacon rempli de ce gaz s’éteint immédiatement. Il tempère l'activité de l'oxygène, et se combine à une foule de corps. </p> <p>L'atmosphère contient en outre de la vapeur d'eau et quelques dix-millièmes d'un gaz formé d’oxygène et de charbon : l'<term>acide carbonique</term>. Les animaux en exhalent pendant l'acte de la respiration, de même <pb type="page" n="385" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_385.jpg"/> que les plantes durant la nuit, et certains végétaux en fermentation. Comme il est impropre à la vie, on comprend qu'il soit malsain de ne pas renouveler fréquemment l'air des lieux fermés où se réunissent plusieurs personnes ou plusieurs animaux. C'est pour ce motif que l'on ne conserve pas sans danger des plantes et des fleurs dans une chambre à coucher.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>LA <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="vache">VACHE</objectName>.</item> <item>— Que savez-vous de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">vache</objectName>, du <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">veau</objectName> et du <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bœuf</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Produits et services dont nous leur sommes redevables.</item> <item>— Usages de la <objectName>peau</objectName>, des <objectName>os</objectName>, des <objectName>cornes</objectName>, des <objectName>tendons</objectName>, du <objectName>sang</objectName> de ces <objectName>animaux</objectName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="vache">vache</objectName></term> est le plus précieux peut-être de nos <objectName>animaux domestiques</objectName> ; elle nous donne à la fois son <objectName>lait</objectName>, sa <objectName>chair</objectName> et son travail, lequel, dans certaines contrées, n'est pas sans importance.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bœuf</objectName></term> est, après le <objectName>cheval</objectName>, le plus utile auxiliaire de l'homme ; il tire la <objectName>charrue</objectName> et traîne les <objectName>chariots</objectName> ; engraissé, il fournit une <objectName>chair</objectName> succulente et fortifiante.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">veau</objectName></term> et la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">génisse</objectName></term> sont les petits de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">vache</objectName> ; un certain nombre d'entre eux sont destinés à la <objectName>boucherie</objectName> ; ils donnent une <objectName>viande</objectName> délicate et de facile digestion.</p> <p>Ces <objectName>animaux</objectName> appartiennent à l'ordre des <objectName>ruminants</objectName>, c'est-à-dire que la <objectName>nourriture</objectName> exclusivement végétale dont ils s'accommodent passe d'abord dans un premier estomac, revient à la bouche pour être mâchée de nouveau, redescend dans un second estomac, puis se rend dans un troisième et, enfin, dans un quatrième. </p> <p>Les services que le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bœuf</objectName>, la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default">vache</objectName> et leurs petits rendent à l'homme se prolongent au delà de leur existence : on met à profit toutes leurs <objectName>dépouilles</objectName>. Avec leur <objectName>peau</objectName>, on fait un <objectName>cuir</objectName> excellent ; avec leurs <objectName>cornes</objectName>, on confectionne mille petits <objectName>objets</objectName> utiles : des <objectName>boîtes</objectName>, des <objectName>peignes</objectName>, des <objectName>manches de couteau</objectName>, des <objectName>vitres de lanternes</objectName>. Les <objectName>os</objectName> du <objectName>bœuf</objectName> remplacent l'<objectName>ivoire</objectName> et se vendent à bas prix ; s'ils sont frais, ou en fait de la <objectName>gélatine</objectName>, et, s'ils sont secs, du <objectName>noir animal</objectName> ; les <objectName>tendons</objectName> donnent un <objectName>fil</objectName> très fin employé par les <roleName>selliers</roleName> ; les <objectName>pieds</objectName> fournissent une <objectName>huile</objectName> précieuse ; le <objectName>sang</objectName> est employé dans la fabrication du <objectName>bleu de Prusse</objectName> et de la <objectName>graisse</objectName> on tire un <objectName>suif</objectName> excellent.</p> <p>On estime qu'il y a en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> douze millions de têtes de l'<objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">espèce bovine</objectName>.</p> </div> </div> <div type="agriculture"> <head type="sujets"> Agriculture. </head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'une prairie ? </item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par prairies naturelles et par prairies artificielles ? </item> <item>— Quels terrains leur conviennent ? </item> <item>— Décrire la récolte du fourrage.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une <term>prairie</term> est un terrain qui produit de l'herbe, du foin ou d'autres plantes servant aux mêmes usages que les deux premières.</p> <p>Il y a deux espèces de prairies : </p> <p>1° Les <term>prairies artificielles</term>, terres labourables sur lesquelles on a semé, pour quelques années, différentes espèces d'herbes propres à la nourriture des animaux domestique, telles que le trèfle, la luzerne, la minette, le sainfoin.</p> <p>2° Les <term>prairies naturelles</term>, terrains sur lesquels le foin vient naturellement ou a été semé en vue de produire pendant plusieurs années.</p> <p>Les terrains qui conviennent aux prairies naturelles doivent être frais et profonds ; il en est de même pour la luzerne. Le trèfle, la minette, le sainfoin réussissent dans les terres maigres et même pierreuses ; ce sont des plantes précieuses lorsque le sol n'est pas arrosé par des fontaines ou des ruisseaux et ne peut, par conséquent, se prêter à l'établissement de prairies naturelles et à la culture de la luzerne.</p> <p>Les prairies de toutes sortes sont fauchées quand elles sont en fleur ; <pb type="page" n="386" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_386.jpg"/> on étend l'herbe sur le terrain ; on la retourne pour qu'elle sèche bien également, et on la rentre ensuite dans les granges, à moins qu'on ne l'entasse dans les champs, en masses coniques connues sous le nom de <term>meules</term>. </p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="histoire" xml:id="sujhis_109"> <head type="sujets"> Histoire. </head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Racontez ce que vous savez de la reine <persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365">Marie-Antoinette</persName>, du <placeName key="Palace of Versailles" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2946">palais de Versailles</placeName> et de <placeName key="Grand Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8049">Trianon</placeName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p><persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365"><term>Marie-Antoinette </term></persName> d'Autriche, reine de <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, naquit à <placeName key="Vienna" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1741">Vienne</placeName> en 1755 et fut guillotinée le 16 octobre 1793. Elle épousa en 1770 le Dauphin de France, qui fut depuis le roi <persName key="Louis XVI of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7732">Louis XVI</persName> ; à peine ce dernier était-il sur le trône, que la légèreté et la hauteur de <persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365">Marie Antoinette</persName> augmentèrent les embarras de la royauté et du gouvernement ; elle fut en butte à l'inimitié d'une partie de la cour, et, comme elle s'opposait à toutes les reformes, l'opinion publique se tourna contre elle. Sa conduite fut plus qu'imprudente au début de la révolution et, aux journées des 5 et 6 octobre 1789, elle n'échappa que par miracle aux poignards des assassins. Emprisonnée au <placeName key="Temple" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1067494">Temple</placeName> avec son mari et ses enfants après le 10 août 1792, elle y souffrit tous les outrages, tous les tourments, comme reine, comme épouse et comme mère ; sa captivité fut un véritable martyre. Traduite devant le tribunal révolutionnaire et condamnée à mort après avoir entendu formuler contre elle les plus lâches et les plus infâmes accusations, elle marcha au supplice avec beaucoup de fermeté et mourut en pardonnant à ses ennemis.</p> <p>Le <placeName key="Palace of Versailles" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2946"><term>palais de Versailles</term></placeName> est un immense édifice, de 450 mètres de façade sur les jardins, qui fut construit sous le règne de <persName key="Louis XIV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7742">Louis XIV</persName>. Les architectes <persName key="Louis Le Vau" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q310530">Levau</persName> et <persName key="Jacques Hardouin-Mansart de Sagonne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3159083">Hardouin Mansart</persName>, le peintre <persName key="Jean-Baptiste Le Brun" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3164360">Lebrun</persName>, le jardinier <persName key="André Le Nôtre" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q273849">Le Nôtre</persName> le construisirent ou l'ornèrent ; la dépense a été estimée à un milliard de la monnaie de l'époque.</p> <p>Le grand roi y habita de 1672 jusqu'à sa mort ; <persName key="Louis XV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7738">Louis XV</persName> et <persName key="Louis XVI of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7732">Louis XVI</persName> y fixèrent leur résidence, et ce dernier jusqu'à ce que le peuple de <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> le ramenât aux <placeName key="Tuileries Palace" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q234364">Tuileries</placeName>, en octobre 1789. Sous le règne de <persName key="Louis-Philippe I" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7771">Louis-Philippe</persName>, ce magnifique édifice fut converti en un <placeName key="Museum of the History of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3329787">musée des gloires nationales de la France</placeName> (1837).</p> <p>Le palais du <placeName key="Grand Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8049"><term>Grand Trianon</term></placeName>, bâti sous <persName key="Louis XIV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7742">Louis XIV</persName> vers 1676, et celui du <placeName key="Petit Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8044"><term>Petit Trianon</term></placeName>, créé par <persName key="Louis XV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7738">Louis XV,</persName> sont de beaux édifices contigus au jardin du <placeName key="Palace of Versailles" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2946">palais de Versailles</placeName>. <persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365">Marie-Antoinette</persName> aimait beaucoup à résider au <placeName key="Petit Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8044">Petit Trianon</placeName>.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="économie_domestique" xml:id="sujeco_109"> <head type="sujets"> Économie domestique. </head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Usages du <objectName>lait de vache</objectName> ; — comment on le conserve.</item> <item>— Détails sur une <objectName>laiterie</objectName>.</item> <item>— Quels produits sont fabriqués avec le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="lait">lait de vache</objectName>, celui des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="lait" xml:space="default">chèvres</objectName> et des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="lait" xml:space="default">brebis</objectName>.</item> <item>— Détails sur le <objectName>beurre</objectName> et le <objectName>fromage</objectName>. (Voir, pour ce dernier point, la leçon 29.)</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="lait">lait</objectName></term> est à la fois un <objectName>aliment</objectName> solide et une <objectName>boisson</objectName>, une source d'<objectName>albumine</objectName> et de <objectName>graisse</objectName>, de <objectName>sucre</objectName> et de <objectName>sel</objectName> : c'est l'<objectName>aliment</objectName> des <objectName>aliments</objectName>, à la fois très nourrissant et digestif. On l'emploie pur ; il entre dans la confection des <term><objectName>soupes</objectName></term>, des <term><objectName>potages</objectName></term>, de divers <term><objectName>ragoûts</objectName></term>, de la plupart des <term><objectName>crèmes</objectName></term> et des <term><objectName>pâtisseries</objectName></term>, sans en excepter celle du <term><objectName>beurre</objectName></term> et du <term><objectName>fromage</objectName></term>.</p> <p>En été, on ne peut conserver le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="lait" xml:space="default">lait</objectName> que dans des <objectName>vases</objectName> très propres, en le faisant bouillir et en le tenant dans un lieu frais. Un peu de <objectName>bicarbonate de soude</objectName> produit, dit-on, le même effet ; mais ce procédé n'est pas hygiénique.</p> <p>Une <term><objectName>laiterie</objectName></term> est une <objectName>pièce</objectName> demi-souterraine ordinairement, exposée au nord, munie d'une seule <objectName>fenêtre</objectName> pour que la lumière n'y arrive qu'en petite quantité. Les <objectName>murs</objectName> en doivent être épais ; intérieurement, <pb type="page" n="387" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_387.jpg"/> ils sont garnis de <objectName>tablettes</objectName> de pierre ou de bois dur sur lesquelles on pose les <objectName>vases de lait</objectName> ; le pavé, formé de larges <objectName>dalles</objectName>, a besoin d'être fréquemment lavé à l'<objectName>eau fraîche</objectName>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
108. — Heureuses gens. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624105", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:16:24.105Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624105#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624105#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[2]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Étuve. Lieu clos dont on échauffe\n plus ou moins la température." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624107", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:16:24.107Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624107#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624107#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[2]/note[2]" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Thermomètre. Instrument pour indiquer\n les degrés de chaleur ou de froid." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624109", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:16:24.109Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624109#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624109#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[3]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Capitonné. Rembourée,\n matelassé." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624110", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:16:24.110Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624110#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624110#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[9]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Factice. Qui imite les choses\n naturelles." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624111", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:16:24.111Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624111#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624111#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[11]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Meurtrière. Ouverture\n étroite pratiquée dans une muraille fortifiée et par laquelle on tire à couvert\n sur l'ennemi." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624112", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:16:24.112Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624112#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.6.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2025-04/suzette_ch108_0_0.xml?note_annotation_20231024101624112#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[12]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Gogaille. 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Quelle chaleur ! </p> <p>Une température d'étuve* <note type="annotation">Étuve. Lieu clos dont on échauffe plus ou moins la température.</note>, trente degrés centigrades, constatés par un gros thermomètre*<note type="annotation">Thermomètre. Instrument pour indiquer les degrés de chaleur ou de froid.</note> pendu au mur. Au milieu de la pièce, sur une table , plusieurs boîtes. La première, fermée, était munie, sur un côté, d'un petit vitrage derrière lequel se voyaient des œufs de poule , mollement couchés sur de l'ouate. La boîte, la couveuse artificielle, maintenait à la température où ils se trouveraient sous le corps de la poule.</p> <figure> <caption> Couveuse artificielle. </caption> </figure> <p> Les petits sont éclos. En voyez-vous dans la sécheuse, cette cloche, tout à côté, chaufée et douillettement capitonnée*<note type="annotation">Capitonné. Rembourée, matelassé.</note> de duvet ? Et séchez-vous, petits poussins ! </p> <fw type="footer"/><pb type="page" n="379" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_379.jpg"/> <fw>HEUREUSES GENS. 379</fw> <p> Vous voilà secs, et en disposition de quelque chose, hein ? </p> <p>Bon ! autre appareil. Là, des appropriées à la petitesse de votre bec d'enfant ; et aussi du gravier pour votre bonne digestion , et de l'eau ; et la plus étrange, la plus curieuse, la plus belle chose de l'endroit, une mère artificielle ! </p> <figure> <caption>Gaveuse pour engraisser les volailles. </caption> </figure> <p> Cette mère est un abri, en forme de deux ailes soulevées, rembourrés de plumes tièdes et douces. Tout y est, sauf le gloussement affectueux de la maman répondant à vos pépiements légers. </p> <p> Mais les petits sont gens d'estomac plutôt que de sentiment ; ils becquètent, grattent, mangent à plaisir, sans songer aux gloussements absents.</p> <p>Ils grandissent et échangent bientôt leur duvet jaune pour les plumes de l'adolescence. </p> <p>Alors, comme ils eussent déserté l'aile maternelle, ils désertent l'aile factice*<note type="annotation">Factice. Qui imite les choses naturelles.</note>, et on les porte au grand air. </p> <p>Cocorico ! cocorico ! Ah ! se font-ils de la joie et du muscle sur cette jolie pelouse ! </p> <p>Mais, cela fait, on vous reprend les petits messieurs qu'il ne s’agit plus que d'engraisser ; on vous les met en cellule, dans cette tour mobile <figure> <caption>La rôtissoire mécanique. Ce système de mise à la broche pour les volailles est très usité à <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> et dans les grandes villes ; il fonctionne par la chaleur même du foyer ; , dans son mouvement ascensionnel, fait tourner les aubes du moulin a que l'on aperçoit au-dessus de la cheminée, moulin qui communique le mouvement aux broches par un système d'engrenages fixés à l'axe b. </caption> </figure> <pb type="page" n="380" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_380.jpg"/> <fw>380 SUZETTE.</fw> sur un pivot. La tour se meut. Les cous des captifs s'allongent par une meurtrière*<note type="annotation">Meurtrière. Ouverture étroite pratiquée dans une muraille fortifiée et par laquelle on tire à couvert sur l'ennemi.</note>. Les uns après les autres ils reçoivent, par un tuyau que dirige un employé, la pâtée cuite, mouillée, salée à point. Il faut s'engraisser ou dire pourquoi !</p> <p>La gaveuse est le lieu de bénédiction, c'est la grande et tranquille gogaille*<note type="annotation">Gogaille. Repas joyeux.</note> à l'abri de la fouine, du renard, de la pluie et du soleil.</p> <p>Enfin, nous sommes gavés ! superbes d'embonpoint ! nous sommes d'admirables pelotes de graisse, et nous sortons de la tour hospitalière ! </p> <p>Et où allons-nous, maintenant, ô mes gras, mes insoucieux amis ?...</p> <p>A la broche ! </p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Parlez de la température de la couveuse.</item> <item>— Que voyait-on au milieu de la pièce ? </item> <item>— Qu'y avait-il dans chaque boîte ? </item> <item>— Comment la couveuse agit-elle sur les œufs ? </item> <item>— Que remarquait-on sous la sécheuse ? </item> <item>— Que voyait-on dans un autre appareil ? </item> <item>— Décrivez la mère artificielle. </item> <item>— Que sont les petits poulets et que font-ils ? </item> <item>— Où les porte-t-on quand ils ont grandi ? </item> <item>— Où vont-ils ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi les met-on en cellule ? </item> <item>— Parlez de la tour mobile et de la singulière manière de nourrir les petits poulets. </item> <item>— Qu'est la gaveuse pour ces jeunes oiseaux ? </item> <item>— Et qu'advient-il enfin des poulets ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="sciences_naturelles" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujnat_108"> <head>Sciences naturelles.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>LE THERMOMÈTRE.</item> <item>— L'eau, en s'échauffant, augmente-t-elle ou diminue-t-elle de volume ? </item> <item>— Exemples.</item> <item>— En est-il de même pour les autres liquides ? </item> <item>— Si l'on met de l'esprit-de-vin ou du mercure dans un tube, qu'adviendra-t-il quand ces liquides s'échaufferont ? </item> <item>— Décrire le thermomètre. </item> <item>— Comment est-il gradué ? </item> <item>— Ses usages.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>En s'échauffant, l'eau augmente de volume, et il est facile de le constater en plaçant un vase plein devant un feu vif ; peu de temps après que le <term>liquide</term> a subi l'influence de la chaleur, il déborde. C'est une propriété commune à tous los corps qui sont en cet état à la température ordinaire ; par exemple, au mercure et à l'esprit-de-vin. Si l'on en introduisait dans un tube formé à la partie inférieure, laquelle serait soumise à l'action d'un foyer allumé, ces liquides monteraient rapidement dans le tube en question, preuve évidente de leur dilatation sous l'influence de la chaleur. </p> <p>Cette propriété a été appliquée à la mesure de la température des corps et l'on a imaginé à cet effet un instrument nommé <term>thermomètre</term> . Il se compose d'un tube fin comme un cheveu à l’intérieur, soudé à un réservoir cylindrique de même matière. Le réservoir ainsi qu'une partie de la tige sont remplis de mercure ou d'alcool, et une échelle graduée, tracée sur une règle plate à laquelle le tube est fixé, fait connaître, par l'examen ou le compte des divisions, la dilatation du liquide et, par suite, l'intensité de la chaleur.</p> <p>Le thermomètre compte 100 divisions égales ou degrés entre la température de la glace et celle de l'eau bouillante. Il sert à mesurer <pb type="page" n="381" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_381.jpg"/> <fw>HEUREUSES GENS. 381</fw> la température de l'air, des liquides, du corps des malades, d'une chambre, etc.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>LA DIGESTION. </item> <item>— Comment introduit-on les aliments dans l'estomac ? </item> <item>— Fonction des dents, de la salive, de la langue. </item> <item>— Que se passe-t-il dans l'estomac ? </item> <item>— La bile. </item> <item>— Que deviennent les aliments après leur sortie de l'estomac ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La digestion est une fonction naturelle des animaux qui a pour objet : 1° de transformer la partie nutritive des substances alimentaires en un liquide propre à se mêler au sang pour nourrir le corps ; — 2° de séparer la partie nutritive des aliments d'avec les parties qui ne possèdent pas cette qualité et qui doivent être rejetées.</p> <p>C'est dans la bouche que se passe le premier acte de la digestion. Les aliments y sont broyés par les dents, opération très importante, parce qu'à mesure qu'ils sont divisés, ils sont humectés de salive, et ce liquide facilite le travail de décomposition dont on va parler. De la bouche, la nourriture, réunie en une masse arrondie, est soulevée par la langue et précipitée dans l'estomac par le canal de l'<term>œsophage</term>.</p> <p>L'<term>estomac</term> est une grande poche membraneuse dont les parois sécrètent un liquide doué de la propriété de réduire les aliments en une substance semi-liquide à laquelle on donne le nom de <term>chyme</term>. </p> <p>Le chyme se rend, par l'ouverture du <term>pylore</term>, dans l'intestin grêle où il se mélange avec la <term>bile</term>, matière verdâtre, de saveur amère, que produit le <term>foie</term>, organe situé à côté de l'estomac. Les parois de l'intestin absorbent une partie du nouveau liquide, lequel entre dans la circulation du sang par des vaisseaux très minces débouchant, d'une part, dans l'intestin grêle et, de l'autre, dans une veine voisine du cœur. Ce qui reste ne peut servir à la nutrition et passe dans le gros intestin. </p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="économie_domestique" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujeco_108"> <head>Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Lorsqu'on digère mal, que doit-on prendre ? </item> <item>— Quels soins faut-il donner aux enfants, en cas d'indigestion ? </item> <item>— Quelles sont les causes qui peuvent amener des indigestions ? </item> <item>— Citez les aliments qui sont le plus indiges-tes pour les enfants. </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Lorsque la digestion se fait difficilement, on conseille de prendre un exercice modéré, tel que la marche dans la chambre, ou mieux au dehors, s'il se peut. Mais au cas où le malaise persisterait, il faudrait boire une infusion de thé bien chaude ou de camomille ; on provoquerait les vomissements, en chatouillant le gosier avec une plume, si la personne n'éprouvait aucun soulagement. Ensuite, il est nécessaire de coucher le malade et de lui faire prendre l'une des infusions citées précédemment.</p> <p>Les causes qui peuvent provoquer des indigestions sont nombreuses : l'excès de nourriture, l'absorption de mets lourds à l'estomac, un exercice trop violent avant ou après le repas. Comme ces indispositions ont souvent un caractère dangereux, les parents tiendront à nourrir de préférence les enfants avec une soupe le matin ; vers onze heures, un œuf à la coque, un peu de viande et des légumes ; à trois heures, légère collation faite à la promenade ou à l'air libre, composée de pain et de fromage, de confitures ou de chocolat ; le soir, ils dîneront avec de la soupe, de la viande, un légume, un fruit ou quelque friandise. Des aliments simples et doux, d'une préparation naturelle, assaisonnés d'un peu de sel, des viandes bien cuites, des repas à des heures réglées, constituent pour eux le régime le plus favorable. </p> <p>Evitons de leur donner des viandes trop cuites et des mets trop épicés, de la chair de porc sans légumes, des aliments très gras, des fruits à demi mûrs ; ils les digéreraient avec difficulté, même dans les meilleures conditions hygiéniques.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
107. — La basse-cour. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624867", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.867Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.867Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624867#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624867#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Pays de\n cocagne. Pays où tout abonde, où l'on fait bonne chère à bon marché." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624868", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.868Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.868Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624868#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624868#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[4]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Spécimen. Modèle, échantillon." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624869", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.869Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.869Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624869#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624869#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[5]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Mosaïque. Ouvrage dans lequel on représente des objets, des\n personnes, etc., au moyen de petits cubes de pierres de diverses\n couleurs." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?place_annotation_20231016210719099", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:07:19.099Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:identifying", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?place_annotation_20231016210719099#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?place_annotation_20231016210719099#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[2]/placeName" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "cwrc:RealPlace", "@id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "dc:format": "text/plain" }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch107"> <pb type="page" n="375" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_375.jpg"/> <head>107. — La basse-cour. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>C'était un long treillage divisé en compartiments dont chacun contenait son poulailler. Et il fallait en-<pb type="page" n="376" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_376.jpg"/> tendre et voir le train de caquetage, de grattage qu'on menait d'un bout à l'autre de ce pays de cocagne*<note type="annotation">Pays de cocagne. Pays où tout abonde, où l'on fait bonne chère à bon marché.</note> ! Les retentissants cocoricos des coqs se répondaient en joyeux clairons ; les poules choisies, admirables, se donnaient des airs de millionnaires.</p> <figure> <caption>Poules de Houdan. — Poules de Cochinchine.</caption> </figure> <p>On savait à qui l'on avait affaire, grâce aux écriteaux. Ici, c'étaient les crèvecœurs, d'un noir changeant ; les houdans, pailletées de blanc et de noir, coiffées presque toujours de travers d'un toupet sous lequel leur œil brillant paraît hardi ; là, les cochinchines fauves, les brahmapoutres au corps balourd et gauche, pattus, et comme chaussés de guêtres ; les bressans, les campines élégants, les dorkings robustes, la race anglaise légère, à l'œil de feu, qui fournit les coqs pour ces combats féroces heureusement interdits en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, et dont les Anglais sont si friands.</p> <p>On apprend là que telle race, excellente pour la production des <objectName>œufs</objectName>, comme les houdans, par exemple, ne s'entend pas à mener à bien une couvée. Telle autre, au contraire, fournit des mères hors ligne, d'ardentes éducatrices de poussins ; une troisième ne se distinguera ni par ses couveuses, ni par ses pondeuses, mais bien, comme la cochinchine, la bressane, par la qualité de sa chair, sa facilité à s'engraisser, à donner ces poulets dodus, ces poulardes si recherchés des gourmets.</p> <p> De savants naturalistes ont étudié ici sans relâche les mœurs de la gent emplumée. C'est sous leur direction que se classent et se vendent aux particuliers, aux fermiers, les plus rares spécimens*<note type="annotation">Spécimen. Modèle, échantillon.</note>, les mieux cultivés qui soient au monde.</p> <pb type="page" n="377" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_377.jpg"/> <p><persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">Mme Richard</persName> mena la troupe à un pavillon couvert de tuiles de diverses couleurs, d'un effet de mosaïque*<note type="annotation">Mosaïque. Ouvrage dans lequel on représente des objets, des personnes, etc., au moyen de petits cubes de pierres de diverses couleurs.</note> très riant.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Sous quel aspect se présentait la basse-cour ? </item> <item>— Qu'y entendait-on, qu'y voyait-on ?</item> <item>— Quelles races de poules y signalaient les écriteaux ? </item> <item>— Quels caractères sont particuliers aux crèvecœurs, aux houdans, aux cochinchines, aux brahmapoutres, aux campines, aux dorkings (prononcez : dorkignes) ? </item> <item>— Quels avantages et quels inconvénients prèsente la race de <placeName>Houdan</placeName> ?</item> <item>— Quels sont ceux d'autres races ? </item> <item>— Quels services rendent les naturalistes ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="composition" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujcom_107"> <head>Composition.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Décrivez le coq, la poule, les poussins. </item> <item>— Leur caractère. </item> <item>— Produits que nous en retirons.</item> <item>— Leur nourriture. </item> <item>— Doivent-ils être renfermés dans la basse-cour ? </item> <item>— Le poulailler ; soins à donner à ce local.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>(Voir comme modèles : Le lapin, page 220, Les souris et les rats, page 228, <title>COURS DE COMPOSITION FRANÇAISE (Degré élémentaire el moyen), par <persName type="historique">E. LAPORTE</persName></title>.)</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="sciences_naturelles" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujnat_107"> <head>Sciences naturelles.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Quelles sont les parties qui composent un œuf ? </item> <item>— De quelle matière chacune est-elle formée ? </item> <item>— Combien donne-t-on d'œufs à couver à une poule ? </item> <item>— Soins que l'animal réclame. </item> <item>— Durée de l'incubation. </item> <item>— Soins que réclament les poussins.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'œuf comprend trois parties : la <term>coque</term>, constituée par une matière calcaire ; l'<term>albumine</term>, substance blanchâtre, filante qui donne le blanc après la cuisson ; le <term>jaune</term>, qui forme au milieu une petite sphère demi-liquide, où se trouve le germe de l'animal.</p> <p>Au commencement du printemps, le besoin de couver se manifeste chez la poule ; alors, dans un lieu retiré, on lui confie de 12 à 14 oufs qui n'ont pas plus de cinq jours. Généralement, elle se montre très assidue à sa besogne de couveuse, et grâce à la température de 40 à 41 degrés qu'elle leur communique, au bout de 21 jours, les petits poulets viennent au monde. Pendant cette période, il faut éviter tout ce qui troublerait l'animal, et placer à sa portée une nourriture abondante.</p> <p>Les premiers jours de leur naissance, les petits poulets n'ont pas besoin de manger ; le troisième jour, et pendant une dizaine de jours, on ajoutera des œufs durs à de la <objectName>mie de pain</objectName> trempée dans l'<objectName>eau</objectName> ou mieux, au début, dans du <objectName>lait</objectName>. Enfin, on substitue peu à peu à la pâtée des premiers jours quelques menus grains qu'on ramollit d'abord en les trempant dans l'eau chaude.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="industrie" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujind_107"> <head>Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'un poulailler ? </item> <item>— Comment établit-on un poulailler ? </item> <item>— Comment sera-t-il à l'extérieur, à l'intérieur ?</item> <item>— A quelle exposition le placera-t-on ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le poulailler est un abri construit pour les poules, où elles se retirent la nuit, où elles pondent et où on les fait couver.</p> <p>Généralement on l'adosse à un mur de la basse-cour, à l'exposition du midi ; un solide grillage en clôt l'entrée, qui est pratiquée à un mètre environ au-dessus du sol afin que les belettes, les fouines, les renards ne puissent y accéder. À l'intérieur, on établit des perchoirs et l'on installe des corbeilles garnies de paille ou de foin lorsque le moment de couver est venu Les poulaillers doivent être tenus proprement, sinon les volailles seraient couvertes d'insectes qui les fatiguent et contrarient leur développement ; un milieu malpropre est d'ailleurs <pb type="page" n="378" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_378.jpg"/> éminemment favorable à l'éclosion des épidémies qui déciment les basses-cours.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="économie_domestique" xml:id="sujeco_107"> <head>Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment et avec quoi nourrit-on les poules ? </item> <item>— Comment les engraisse-t-on ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On nourrit les poules avec un peu de <objectName>grain</objectName> et les débris de la table ; c'est un supplément à la <objectName>nourriture</objectName> qu'elles trouvent à la campagne en picorant le long des chemins et dans les champs ; on a remarqué qu'elles recherchent les vers de terre. Trois fois par jour, on leur distribue ce qui leur est réservé, en l'éparpillant le plus possible afin que chaque volatile puisse en prendre sa part.</p> <p>On engraisse les <objectName>poules</objectName> en les enfermant dans un endroit frais et obscur, et en leur donnant une nourriture abondante.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment sert-on un <objectName>poulet rôti</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Comment le découpe-t-on ? </item> <item>— Quels sont les <objectName>morceaux</objectName> les plus délicats ? </item> <item>— A qui devra-t-on les offrir ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On sert le <objectName>poulet rôt</objectName>i sur un <objectName>plat garni</objectName> préalablement d'un lit de <objectName>cresson</objectName>. Pour le découper, on enlève successivement les quatre membres en commençant par la <objectName>cuisse</objectName> et l'<objectName>aile</objectName> d'un même côté, puis les <objectName>sot-l'y laisse</objectName> (1) et les <objectName>blancs</objectName>. On rompt ensuite le <objectName>croupion</objectName> et l'on coupe horizontalement la <objectName>carcasse</objectName>. On divise chaque <objectName>cuisse</objectName> en deux, chaque aile en trois morceaux ; la <objectName>carcasse</objectName> et le <objectName>croupion</objectName> doivent en faire six bien distincts. On dispose chaque <objectName>morceau</objectName> dans le <objectName>plat</objectName> de manière qu'on puisse les voir tous, et l'on fait circuler. Tout cela doit être mené le plus lestement possible, afin d'empêcher le refroidissement de la pièce.</p> <p>Les <objectName>morceaux</objectName> les plus délicats sont l'<objectName>aile</objectName> et le <objectName>blanc</objectName> ; on devra les offrir aux dames, en commençant par les plus âgées.</p><p> (1) Le sot-l'y-laisse est un morceau placé sous la cuisse, à la naissance de l'aile, dont la chair est très délicate, quoique moins blanche. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
106. — Au Jardin d'acclimatation . 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Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739762", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.762Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.762Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739762#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739762#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Bois de\n Boulogne. Grand parc et lieu de promenade à l'O. de\n Paris." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739763", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.763Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.763Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739763#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739763#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note[2]" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Equipage. 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"schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch106"> <pb type="page" n="372" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_372.jpg"/> <head>106. — Au Jardin d'acclimatation*. .</head> <div type="récit"> <p>Nouvelle fête ! On traversa une riante partie du <placeName key="bois de Boulogne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q209626">bois de Boulogne</placeName>*<note type="annotation"><placeName>Bois de Boulogne</placeName>. Grand parc et lieu de promenade à l'O. de <placeName>Paris</placeName>.</note> ; on coupa la file des équipages*<note type="annotation">Equipage. Voiture de maitre.</note> ; on coudoya de beaux messieurs, de belles dames, et l'on arriva au <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName>.</p> <p>Là, d'abord, beaucoup de petit monde en jupes et culottes courtes ; petites filles, petits garçons. Ils se promenaient à dos d'éléphant, de chameau, de dromadaire et semblaient des points perdus sur leurs énormes montures. Celles-ci s'avançaient sous les arbres en flânant, l'air bonasse, avec des regards aux passants pour les inviter à leur offrir les gâteaux et les petits pains dont on les régale tout le jour.</p> <pb type="page" n="373" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_373.jpg"/> <fw>AU JARDIN D'ACCLIMATATION. 373</fw> <p>D'autres enfants allaient sur de mignons poneys*<note type="annotation">Poney. Petit cheval à long poil.</note> des <placeName key="Shetland Islands" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47134">Shetland</placeName>*<note type="annotation"><placeName>Shetland</placeName>. Iles au N. de l'<placeName>Ecosse</placeName>.</note> ou sur des hémiones*<note type="annotation">Hémiones. Quadrepède du genre cheval qui vit en <placeName>Asie</placeName>.</note>.</p> <p>Dans une allée sablée, une demoiselle d'au moins quatre ans, à très gentil minois, toute mignonne, trônait dans une petite voiture attelée d'une autruche. Elle était là gentiment assise, regardant la foule de ses yeux bleus, profonds et doux. On eût dit la <persName type="fictif">fée Urgande</persName>, la jolie fée des vieux contes, essayant un nouvel <figure> <caption>Ils se promenaient à dos d'éléphant, de chameau, de dromadaire.</caption> </figure> équipage ; car la chanson, très précise sur celui dont elle se servait, dit que,</p> <lg> <l>Dans une conque de saphir</l> <l>De huit papillons attelée,</l> <l>Elle passait comme un zéphir...</l> <l>(<persName key="Pierre-Jean de Béranger" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q324998">BÉRANGER</persName>.)</l> </lg> <p>Mais ce n'était pas seulement pour cette promenade d'aimables gamins et gamines, et encore moins pour les acclimater sur le dos des éléphants, des chameaux ou des poneys des îles d'<placeName key="Scotland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22">Écosse</placeName> qu'avait été créé ce <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName>.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> en connaissait déjà, par <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> et par <persName type="fictif" key="pascal">Pascal</persName>, le but scientifique : enrichir notre faune*<note type="annotation">Faune. L'ensemble des animaux d'une grande contrée.</note> d'espèces étrangères, d'animaux utiles ; puis améliorer nos propres races par la sélection et la culture.</p> <p>La <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">tante Richard</persName> se souvenait de sa paysannerie et de ses premières occupations dans la ferme paternelle de <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName>. Et elle achemina son monde vers la basse-cour.</p> </div> <pb type="page" n="374" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_374.jpg"/> <fw>374 SUZETTE.</fw> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Quel chemin suivit-on pour se rendre au <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Quels animaux montaient les enfants ? </item> <item>— Détails sur les éléphants.</item> <item>— Qui vit-on, dans une allée sablee, trainée par l'autruche du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Quel effet produisait cette jeune enfant ? </item> <item>— Quel est l'objet du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> <item>— De quoi se souvenait la <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">tante Richard</persName> et où conduisit-elle sa nièce ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="complexe"> <head>Histoire naturelle.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Que savez-vous de l'éléphant — (origine, taille, aspect, qualités, défauts ; services qu'il rend) ? — des poneys ? — de l'autruche ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'<term>éléphant</term> est le plus grand des animaux terrestres ; ses proportions sont lourdes, son corps épais, sa démarche pesante, mais sa physionomie est imposante et noble. Il a une tête énorme avec deux immenses et minces oreilles que l'animal fait remuer et claquer à plaisir ; l'œil est petit et la bouche est armée de dents énormes dont deux font saillie et peuvent atteindre 2m,50 de longueur ; on les désigne sous le nom de défenses.</p> <p>La <term>trompe</term> de l'éléphant est le nez prolongé d'une façon démesurée en forme de tube, et qui se termine par les ouvertures des narines. Elle est à la fois l'organe de l'odorat, un membre pour saisir et une arme redoutable ; elle accomplit toutes les fonctions de la main, à ce point qu'avec son aide l'éléphant peut ramasser à terre une pièce de monnaie et déboucher une bouteille. Si on l'attaque, il en saisit son ennemi, l'enlace, le presse, le brise, le lance en l'air ou le jette à terre pour le fouler sous ses larges pieds. La trompe lui sert encore à porter les aliments à sa bouche et à soulever de lourds fardeaux ; il la remplit d'eau quand il veut boire et laisse tomber ce liquide dans sa gorge.</p> <p>Les éléphants vivent dans les contrées les plus chaudes de l'<placeName key="Asia" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48">Asie</placeName> et de l'<placeName key="Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15">Afrique</placeName> et, à l'état sauvage, ils se tiennent par troupes plus ou moins nombreuses dans les forêts et les lieux marécageux ; leur nourriture consiste en herbes, en racines et en graines. Leur marche est rapide ; ils peuvent faire jusqu'à 100 kilomêtres par jour et nagent aussi très bien.</p> <p>L'éléphant est doué d'une grande intelligence ; on l'a domestiqué et il rend les plus grands services pour le transport des hommes et des marchandises. Son caractère est doux ; il est reconnaissant ; mais sa susceptibilité est extrème et il sait se venger de ceux qui le taquinent ou le maitraitent.</p> <p>Les <term>poneys</term> sont une race étrangère de chevaux, originaire des lles <placeName key="Shetland Islands" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47134">Shetland</placeName> ; ce sont de véritables miniatures ; il en est qui atteignent à peine à la hauteur des chiens de <placeName key="Newfoundland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48335">Terre-Neuve</placeName>. Malgré leur petite taille, ils sont robustes et résistent parfaitement à la fatigue.</p> <p>L'<term>autruche</term>, que l'on trouve seulement en <placeName key="Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15">Afrique</placeName> et en <placeName key="Arabia" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57751375">Arabie</placeName>, est le plus gros des oiseaux connus ; sa tête peut atteindre jusqu'à 2m,50 de hauteur. Cet animal ne peut voler, mais il court très vite sur de longues et fortes pattes armées d'ongles redoutables, surtout lorsque le vent gonfle les larges et belles plumes de ses ailes.</p> <p>L'autruche pond ses œufs dans le sable où la chaleur solaire concourt à mener à bien leur éclosion. On recherche les plumes de la queue et des ailes de cet animal, et on lui fait, pour cette raison, une chasse active. Cependant on a essayé de le domestiquer, et déjà en <placeName key="French Algeria" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218272">Algérie</placeName> et dans la <placeName key="Cape Colony" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q370736">colonie du Cap</placeName>, son élevage donne un revenu considérable.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>PIERRES PRECIEUSES.</item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par pierres précieuses ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi les recherche-t-on ? </item> <item>— Nommez-en quelques-unes et dites <pb type="page" n="375" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_375.jpg"/> <fw>LA BASSE-COUR. 375 </fw> ce qui les distingue.</item> <item>— Où trouve-t-on les diamants ? </item> <item>— Connaissez-vous quelques diamants célèbres ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On entend par <term>pierres précieuses</term> des pierres d'une dureté et d'un brillant extraordinaires, qualités auxquelles se joignent des couleurs éclatantes, sauf chez les diamants. Elles sont recherchées pour leur éclat et leur rareté. Plus communes et moins coûteuses, elles rendraient de grands services dans l'industrie ; mais jusqu'ici on ne les emploie que dans la confection des parures.</p> <p>Les principales pierres précieuses sont : les diamants, les rubis, les émeraudes, les saphirs, les topazes, les améthystes. On entend par <term>pierres fines</term> celles qui approchent des pierres précieuses pour la dureté et le brillant : telles sont les agates, les onyx, les cornalines.</p> <p>Les diamants sont limpides comme du cristal et jettent mille feux quand ils sont taillés ; les rubis ont une couleur rouge ; les émeraudes sont vertes ; les saphirs, bleus ; les topazes, jaunes ; les améthystes, violettes.</p> <p>On trouve le diamant dans l'<placeName key="Hindustan" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q853968">Hindoustan</placeName>, l'<placeName key="Southern Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27394">Afrique méridionale</placeName> et le <placeName key="Brazil" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155">Brésil</placeName>. Il se présente sous la forme de cristaux très brillants, limpides et transparents ; mais, souvent, ils sont recouverts d'une gangue plus ou moins épaisse. On a remarqué qu'ils accompagnent une sorte de terrain sablonneux et ferrugineux.</p> <p>Parmi les diamants les plus célèbres, il faut citer : le <term>Régent</term>, qui pèse 31 grammes ; il appartient à la <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> et on estime sa valeur à 8 millions ; — le <term>Koh-i-Noor</term>, ou <term>Montagne de lumière</term>, qui est la propriété de la reine d'<placeName key="England" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21">Angleterre</placeName> et a été payé 6 millions ; — le plus beau diamant de la couronne de <placeName key="Russian Empire" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34266">Russie</placeName> pèse près de 40 grammes.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>Qu'appelle-t-on faune, flore d'un pays ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On appelle <term>faune</term> d'un pays l'ensemble des animaux qui habitent ce pays, et <term>flore</term> l'ensemble des plantes qui y croissent.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="économie_domestique" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujeco_106"> <head>Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'entend-on par climat ; — par acclimater en France une plante, un animal ? </item> <item>— Citez des plantes et des animaux acclimatés en <placeName key="Europe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46">Europe</placeName>.</item> <item>— Que peut-on retirer d'avantageux d'une visite au <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On entend par <term>climat</term> la region, le pays, principalement eu egard à la température de l'air ; on désigne encore, par ce mot, la température particulière à une contrée.</p> <p><term>Acclimater</term> une plante, un animal en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, c'est accoutumer cette plante et cet animal à la température et à l'influence de notre pays.</p> <p>Depuis quelques siècles, on a acclimaté en <placeName key="Europe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46">Europe</placeName> le maîs, le tabac, la pomme de terre, le dahlia, le dindon, qui viennent d<placeName key="Americas" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q828">'Amérique</placeName> ; la pintade, que nous avons apportée d'<placeName key="Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15">Afrique</placeName> ; le sorgho, la patate, originaires de la <placeName key="China" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29520">Chine</placeName>, sans compter une multitude de fleurs et d'arbustes.</p> <p>Visiter le <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> présente certains avantages, dont le principal est de faire voir et connaître les animaux et les végétaux étrangers qu'on essaye d'introduire dans notre pays ; on s'y familiarise encore avec les meilleurs procédés d'élevage pour certaines races de volailles, de chiens, de bestiaux qu'il y aurait intérêt à élever simultanément avec les nôtres dans les fermes et autres exploitations agricoles.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
99. — Marionnettes. 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Baisser en suivant la direction d'un\n fil à plomb." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch099.xml?note_annotation_20230710083106685", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-07-10T12:31:06.685Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "5", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "John Westbrook" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch099.xml?note_annotation_20230710083106685#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch099.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch099.xml?note_annotation_20230710083106685#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[6]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Commissaire. 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</head> <div type="récit"> <p>— Voyez, Messieurs, et vous surtout, Mesdames, qui maniez l'aiguille, voyez celle-ci ! Elle n'est pas <figure> <caption>Messieurs, Desdames, voici monsieur <persName type="fictif">Polichinelle</persName> ! voulez-vous avoir l'extrême obligeance de regarder <persName type="fictif">Polichinelle</persName> ?</caption> </figure> percée d'un œil comme vos aiguilles à repriser, à ourler et piquer ; sa pointe. est un crochet, mais je l'appelle aiguille parce qu'en effet elle coud. Regardez : je meus ce volant, elle s'a baisse verticalement*<note type="annotation">Baisser verticalement. Baisser en suivant la direction d'un fil à plomb.</note>, elle traverse le morceau de drap placé là sur la tablette. Maintenant regardez sous la tablette. Qu'apercevez-vous ? ce fil qui s'avance porté par une petite pièce d'acier. Il tourne, s'enroule autour de l'aiguille ; et celle-ci remonte emportant une autre bouclette qu'elle passe dans première. Et ainsi de suite pour former ce joli point chaînette que voilà !</p> <p>Apres quoi il faisait la quête.</p> <pb type="page" n="345" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_345.jpg"/> <p>Mais le joli point de chaînette n'intéressait pas toujours le public au point de lui faire mettre la main à la poche. Les gens tournaient le dos.</p> <p>C'est alors que le pauvre homme se hâtait de tirer ses marionnettes :</p> <p>— Messieurs, Mesdames, voici M. <persName type="fictif">Polichinelle</persName> ! Voulez vous avoir l'extrême obligeance de regarder <persName type="fictif">Polichinelle</persName> ?</p> <p>Oh ! oh ! <persName type="fictif">Polichinelle</persName> ! On revenait en troupe, on appelait les voisins, on voyait rosser le commissaire*<note type="annotation">Commissaire. Le commissaire de police, dans la comédie de <persName type="fictif">Polichinelle</persName>.</note>, on riait à gorge déployée.</p> <p>Et deux, trois, quatre sous refusés à l'inventeur tombaient aux pieds de Polichinelle, ou de Paillasse ou d'Arlequin. Cela se passait en 1830.</p> <p>Dans les villes et les villages traversés, en cette année, par <persName key="Barthélemy Thimonnier" ref="http://dbpedia.org/resource/Barthélemy_Thimonnier">Thimonier</persName>, il y a aujourd'hui des machines à coudre qui font l'aisance de bien des ménages. Il y a aussi des gens qui se rappelleraient sans doute le passage de ce montreur de couseuse et de marionnettes auquel ils ont peut-être refusé un sou !</p> <p><persName type="historique">Thimonier</persName>, pourtant, arriva à <placeName>Paris</placeName>. Et <placeName>Paris</placeName> ne l'entendit pas davantage. Ce furent les tailleurs qui le repoussèrent comme un ennemi, avec la sottise des tisserands, qui, jadis, repoussèrent <persName type="real" cert="high" key="Joseph Marie Jacquard" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q310833">Jacquard</persName>*<note type="annotation">Jacquard. Mécanicien français, inventeur d'un métier à tisser (1752-1834).</note>.</p> <p>Il revint à <placeName>Amplepuis</placeName> comme il en était parti.</p> <p>On ne retrouve son nom qu'en 1851, à l'Exposition de <placeName>Londres</placeName>, où il obtint enfin une rémunération, mais insuffisante à le tirer de la pauvreté. Il mourut en 1857.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire. </head> <list> <item>— Que disait <persName type="historique">Thimonier</persName> : 1° de l'aiguille ; </item> <item>— 2° du volant ;</item> <item>— 3° de ce qui se passait sous la tablette ? </item> <item>— Qu'arrivait-il lorsqu'il faisait la quête après ces explications ? </item> <item>— Comment ramenait-il les fuyards ? </item> <item>— Que recueillait-il après l'exhibition de <persName type="fictif">Polichinelle</persName> ? </item> <item>— Combien y a-t-il d'années que ces choses se passaient ? </item> <item>— Qu'y a-t-il aujourd'hui dans les villes et les villages que traversa <persName type="historique">Thimonier</persName> ? </item> <item>— Comment l'inventeur fut-il accueilli à <placeName>Paris</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Où retrouve-t-on son nom ? </item> <item>— Tira-t-il quelque profit de sa belle et utile invention ? </item> <item>— Quand mourut <persName type="historique">Thimonier</persName> ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="morale"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Pourquoi n'êtes-vous pas d'avis qu'une jeune fille regarde soit les spectacles forains, soit les affiches, soit même les images des devantures, dans les rues d'une ville surtout ? </item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par bons exemples, mauvais exemples ? </item> <item>— Que produisent les uns et les autres ? </item> <item>— Faits à l'appui. </item> <item>— Quels avis donneriez<pb type="page" n="346" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_346.jpg"/> vous à une de vos compagnes, plus jeune que vous, sur les enfants qu'elle doit fréquenter ou éviter ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Si la curiosité est légitime chez les enfants lorsqu'elle a l'instruction pour but, elle devient un vice si elle s'applique à des choses qui blessent la pudeur et les convenances ; tels sont les phénomènes des foires et les jongleries des baladins ; telles sont encore bien souvent, dans les grandes villes, les affiches à couleurs tapageuses et les vitrines des marchands de gravures ou de photographies. Une jeune fille qui se respecte évitera de s'arrêter et de regarder ces objets auprès desquels elle trouverait probablement des gens dont le contact ne saurait lui être que préjudiciable.</p> <p>L'éducation ne peut rien sans l'exemple, a dit un philosophe moderne ; tout cède chez les enfants à la toute-puissante influence de l'imitation ; l'exemple est une force dont l'enfant ne peut se défendre ; il la subit sans le vouloir, sans le savoir. Il est donc nécessaire de mettre sous ses yeux des actions dont le spectacle est un encouragement au bien, de lui faire entendre des paroles excitant de nobles résolutions ; en un mot, de ne lui présenter que de bons exemples. Il est plus nécessaire encore de tenir les jeunes filles éloignées de tout ce qui pourrait les entraîner au mal, souiller leurs âmes, corrompre leurs cœurs. Combien les grandes personnes doivent-elles veiller sur leurs propos pour éviter de froisser la pudeur native de l'enfant, et les pères et mères s'ingénier pour écarter les livres et les journaux dont la lecture serait dangereuse ! Mauvais propos, mauvaises actions, mauvaises lectures, constituent ce qu'on entend par mauvais exemples, et de tristes récits nous apprennent qu'un seul suffit parfois pour perdre à jamais une jeune fille.</p> <p>Ne fréquentez donc que les enfants dont la société vous est recommandée par vos parents et par vos maîtresses ; évitez, lorsque vous êtes seule dans les rues, de regarder de tous côtés ; ne prêtez pas attention aux propos des gens grossiers ; ne lisez rien qui ne vous ait été remis par les personnes qui ont la charge de votre éducation ; enfin, rompez toutes relations avec celles de vos compagnes dont les conseils et les paroles sont telles que vous n'oseriez pas les répéter devant votre mère.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="composition" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujcom_099"> <head type="sujets">Composition.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Reproduire l'histoire de <persName type="historique">Jacquard</persName> lue par Mme l'institutrice, ou celle de <persName type="historique">Brémontier</persName>, le créateur des plantations de pins dans les landes de <placeName><placeName key="Gascony" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q191085">Gascogne</placeName></placeName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Ce grand et modeste inventeur d'une ingénieuse machine à tisser naquit à <placeName><placeName key="Lyon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q456">Lyon</placeName></placeName>, le 7 juillet 1752. Son père, ouvrier en étoffes de soie, le destina de bonne heure au travail, qu'il lui apprit à connaître et à aimer.</p> <p>La vue d'une machine du célèbre <persName type="historique">Vaucanson</persName> lui révéla sa vocation de mécanicien, et le voilà qui imagine d'ingénieux appareils pour dévider les fils de soie et les ourdir (1). Malgré l'appui de quelques patrons, il eut à subir mille tracasseries de la part des ouvriers, qui voyaient en lui un ennemi dont les inventions leur enlevaient le travail quotidien.</p> <p><persName type="historique">Jacquard</persName> fonda alors pour son propre compte une fabrique de chapeaux de paille ; mais sa maison fut brûlée pendant le siège que subit la ville de <placeName><placeName key="Lyon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q456">Lyon</placeName></placeName> en 1793, et il n'échappa que par miracle aux soldats de la Convention.</p> <p>De retour dans sa ville natale, il reprit, avec ses travaux, ses re-<note cert="high" evaluate="all" place="top" type="footer" xml:space="default">(1) Ourdir, disposer des fils pour en faire de la toile.</note> <pb type="page" n="347" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_347.jpg"/> cherches mécaniques. Au commencement du siècle, la Société royale de <placeName>Londres</placeName> ayant proposé un prix considérable pour l'inventeur d'un procédé mécanique applicable à la confection des filets destinés à la pêche maritime, <persName type="historique">Jacquard</persName> trouva la machine, fabriqua un filet, le mit dans sa poche et n'y pensa plus.</p> <p>Cependant le secret de son importante découverte s'était ébruité ; le préfet de <placeName>Lyon</placeName> manda <persName type="historique">Jacquard</persName> et lui apprit qu'il avait ordre du premier consul <persName type="historique">Bonaparte</persName> de l'envoyer à <placeName><placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName></placeName> avec sa machine.</p> <p>Une chaise de poste l'emporta rapidement vers la capitale sous l'escorte d'un gendarme. Le premier endroit où on le conduisit fut le <placeName>Conservatoire des arts et métiers</placeName> (1) ; les premières personnes qu'il vit furent <persName type="historique">Bonaparte</persName> et <persName type="historique">Carnot</persName>, son premier ministre.</p> <p>« Est-ce vous qui vous nommez <persName type="historique">Joseph-Marie Jacquard</persName> ? lui demanda brusquement <persName type="historique">Carnot</persName>. C'est vous qui prétendez faire ce que Dieu lui-même ne ferait pas : former un nœud sur une corde tendue ? » — Interdit par ces paroles, <persName type="historique">Jacquard</persName> ne put prononcer un seul mot ; mais <persName type="historique">Bonaparte</persName> le rassura, lui promit sa protection et l'encouragea à poursuivre ses recherches.</p> <p>Le voilà installé au <placeName>Conservatoire</placeName> ; tous les secrets de la mécanique étaient sous ses yeux ; toutes les difficultés s'aplanirent pour lui. On lui commanda de construire une machine pour la confection des filets ; il la construisit. Un châle magnifique qu'il vit lui donna l'idée d'appliquer au tissage de ces étoffes un mécanisme moins cher, et il réussit complêtement. Mais son idée fixe d'économiser des bras et des souffrances pour la fabrication des tissus brochés (2) ne l'avait pas abandonné ; il monta la machine qui porte le nom de <persName type="historique">Jacquard</persName>, et elle parut à l'Exposition de 1801.</p> <p>Le premier consul récompensa cette admirable découverte, qui a donné une existence nouvelle aux ouvriers lyonnais, par une pension annuelle de 6,000 francs. A <placeName><placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName></placeName>, cependant, elle fut accueillie avec indifférence ; à <placeName><placeName key="Lyon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q456">Lyon</placeName></placeName>, par la persécution. Lorsque <persName type="historique">Jacquard</persName> voulut introduire sa machine, les ouvriers s'ameutèrent contre lui ; on le dénonçait de toutes parts comme l'ennemi du peuple et comme l'homme qui devait réduire toutes les familles à la mendicité. Trois fois sa vie fut menacée, et cette haine aveugle en vint au point que l'on crut devoir détruire publiquement le nouveau métier. Il fut mis en pièces sur la <placeName>place des Terreaux</placeName>, aux acclamations de la foule.</p> <p>Aujourd'hui, le métier Jacquard est répandu partout ; son nom est populaire dans l'Europe entière. En 1819, le glorieux mais pauvre inventeur recut la croix de la Légion d'honneur ; il mourut le 7 août 1834 dans le village d'<placeName>Oullins</placeName>, à quelques kilomêtres de <placeName>Lyon</placeName>. Sa statue de bronze décore actuellement une des places de sa ville natale.</p> </div> </div> <div type="géographie"> <head type="sujets">Géographie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce que l'<placeName>Angleterre</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Quels produits extrait-on de ses mines ? </item> <item>— Que fabrique-t-on en <placeName>Angleterre</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Parler de la marine anglaise, des colonies anglaises. </item> <item>— Quelles sont celles que les Anglais nous ont ravies depuis un siècle et demi ? </item> <item>— Donnez des détails sur la grandeur, la population, le commerce, etc., de la ville de <placeName>Londres</placeName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On entend par <placeName><term>Angleterre</term></placeName> ou plutôt par <placeName><term>Iles Britanniques</term></placeName> une contrée de l'<placeName>Europe occidentale</placeName> située entre la , l'océan <note cert="high" evaluate="all" place="top" type="footer" xml:space="default">(1) Le <placeName>Conservatoire des arts et métiers</placeName> est un grand édifice où l'ou conserve les modèles de toutes les machines. (2) Un tissu broché est celui où l'on figure différents dessins dans l'étoffe en y faisant passer des fils d'or, d'argent, de soie, etc.</note> <pb type="page" n="348" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_348.jpg"/> et la , et comprenant, avec l'<placeName>Angleterre</placeName> proprement dite, l'<placeName>Écosse</placeName>, l'<placeName>Irlande</placeName> et quantité d'îles.</p> <p>L'<placeName>Angleterre</placeName> a un sol extrêmement riche en productions minérales ; chaque année on extrait 150 millions de tonnes de houille de ses mines ; le fer se trouve abondamment dans le sol ; les mines d'étain du comté de <placeName>Cornouailles</placeName>, celles de plomb et de cuivre du <placeName>pays de Galles</placeName> sont très productives.</p> <p>Nul pays au monde ne possède un aussi grand nombre de fabriques ; on estime que les machines à vapeur que l'on y emploie exécutent le travail de douze cents millions d'hommes. Les objets principaux de l'industrie anglaise sont : les cotonnades, les draps, les lainages, les machines, les outils, la coutelleris, les armes, le papier, les constructions navales, la bière, etc., etc. L'agriculture donne des produits très abondants en céréales, bestiaux et fruits.</p> <p>La marine anglaise est la plus puissante du monde tant au point de vue militaire que commercial ; elle possède 22,000 navires marchands, plus que toutes les nations du monde réunies.</p> <p>L'<placeName>Angleterre</placeName> a fondé des colonies dans toutes les régions du globe ; elle y domine sur environ 200 millions de sujets ; les principales sont : l'<placeName>Hindoustan</placeName>, la <placeName>colonie du Cap</placeName>, le <placeName>Canada</placeName>, l'<placeName>Australie</placeName>. Elle nous a ravi, depuis un siècle et demi, une grande partie de l'<placeName>Hindoustan</placeName>, l'<placeName>ile de France</placeName> ou <placeName>Maurice</placeName>, le <placeName>Canada</placeName> et plusieurs îles des <placeName>Antilles</placeName>.</p> <p>La capitale des <placeName>Iles Britanniques</placeName> est <placeName>Londres</placeName>, la plus grande et la plus riche ville du monde ; elle compte plus de 4,000,000 d'habitants, et son commerce dépasse celui de toute la <placeName>France</placeName>. Située sur la , qui mesure 800 mêtres de largeur, à environ 80 kilomêtres de la mer, elle est le rendez-vous de milliers de navires qui débarquent dans des magasins immenses, appelés docks, tous les produits du globe. <placeName>Londres</placeName> a des rues magnifiques, des squares immenses, véritables parcs au milieu d'un océan de maisons et de beaux monuments parmi lesquels il faut citer l'<placeName>église Saint-Paul</placeName>, celle de <placeName>Westminster</placeName>, le <placeName>palais du Parlement</placeName>, le <placeName>palais de Justice</placeName>, la <placeName>Tour</placeName>, le <placeName>musée Britannique</placeName> et celui de <placeName>South-Kensington</placeName>, auquel rien ne saurait être comparé en <placeName>France</placeName>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
92. — Trop cher. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. 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"dc:format": "text/plain" }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch092"> <pb type="page" n="318" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_318.jpg"/> <head>92. — Trop cher. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>On fit affaire un peu plus loin — pour vingt-six sous — avec des <objectName>asperges</objectName>, peut-être un peu moins d'<placeName key="Argenteuil" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q181946">Argenteuil</placeName>, et beaucoup plus petites. Pourtant la tante s'en félicita finement en disant que les premières étaient « des phénomènes », et qu'elle avait toujours eu de la méfiance pour les phénomènes, si souvent trompeurs.</p> <p>On continua l'achat des <objectName>provisions</objectName> commencé d'une façon aussi fâcheuse ; et, des asperges aux <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="asperges" xml:space="default">choux</objectName>, aux <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="asperges" xml:space="default">poireaux</objectName>, à la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="asperges" xml:space="default">viande</objectName>, aux <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="asperges" xml:space="default">oeufs</objectName>, au <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="asperges" xml:space="default">beurre</objectName>, l'addition fut grosse.</p> <p>Les <objectName>paniers</objectName> une fois fermés, <persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">Mme Richard</persName> secoua son <pb type="page" n="319" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_319.jpg"/> porte-monnaie, tout à l'heure rebondi, et à cette heure flasque*<note type="annotation">Flasque. Qui n'a plus de fermeté ni de forme, parce qu'il est vide.</note> comme une loque.</p> <p>— Voilà ! dit-elle, l'argent est plus vite dépensé que gagné.</p> <p>Et, regardant <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> avec un air de fâcherie comique : </p> <p>— Sais-tu que c'est ta faute ?</p> <p>— Ma faute ! à moi ?</p> <p>— Oui, à toi, à toutes les fermières, aux agriculteurs, à l'agriculture, qui devrait penser à nous, travailleurs, et nous donner contre un peu moins d'argent une <objectName>nourriture</objectName> plus substantielle*<note type="annotation">Substantielle. Qui renferme beaucoup de matière solide ou nourrissante.</note> , et plus abondante ! L'industrie fournit, sans compter, de jolis chiffons dont, à peu de frais, on s'habille en grand tralala*.<note type="annotation">Grand tralala. En cérémonie.</note>Les choses de première nécessité coûtent beaucoup plus cher que celles de seconde et même de troisième ; on se procure bien plus facilement la fanfreluche* <note type="annotation">Fanfreluche. Ornement vain, frivole et de peu de valeur.</note> que les vivres. Ne pourriez-vous, ne fût-ce que par émulation*,<note type="annotation">Emulation. Sentiment qui excite à égaler ou à surpasser ses égaux.</note>nous <eventName>produire</eventName> un peu plus de <objectName>pain</objectName>, de <objectName>viande</objectName>, d'<objectName>œufs</objectName> et de <objectName>fruits</objectName> ?</p> <p>— Mais, ma tante, répondit Suzette en souriant, la main vers le pays de <persName type="fictif">Gargantua</persName>, <figure> <caption>La fabrication du <objectName>beurre</objectName>. Le <objectName>beurre</objectName> <eventName>s'emploie</eventName> en <objectName>cuisine</objectName> dans la <objectName>préparation</objectName> de presque tous les <objectName>mets</objectName> ; il <eventName>s’obtient</eventName>, soit en <eventName>battant</eventName> du <objectName>lait frais</objectName>, soit en <eventName>battant</eventName> de la <objectName>crème</objectName> au moyen d'un <objectName>agitateur</objectName> dans un appareil nommé <objectName>baratte</objectName>. La <objectName>baratte</objectName> ne doit être remplie qu'à moitié et le <objectName>battage</objectName> s'exécute d'un mouvement modéré, uniforme et non interrompu. Pour <eventName>conserver</eventName> le <objectName>beurre</objectName>, <eventName>placez</eventName>-le dans un lieu aussi frais que possible et <eventName>couvrez</eventName>-le d'un <objectName>linge blanc de lessive</objectName>, maintenu <objectName>humide</objectName>. Si on veut le <eventName>conserver</eventName> pendant plusieurs mois, il faut le <eventName>saler</eventName> à raison de 50 grammes de <objectName>sel marin</objectName> pour 1 kilogramme de <objectName>beurre</objectName>.</caption> </figure> il me semble pourtant que nous faisons quelque chose pour les villes !</p> <p>— Ah ! bah ! en vérité, elle croyait donc, la jeune <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName>, que ces <objectName>œufs</objectName>, ces <objectName>poulets</objectName>, ces <objectName>moutons</objectName>, ces <objectName>légumes</objectName> arrivaient tous de <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName>, ou même de <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> ? Non, non, ils venaient en bonne partie de l'étranger ; la <objectName>viande</objectName>, de la <placeName key="Switzerland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q39">Suisse</placeName>, de l'<placeName key="Germany" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q183">Allemagne</placeName>, de la <placeName key="Hungary" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q28">Hongrie</placeName>, qui nous envoie aussi des <objectName>œufs</objectName>, comme l'<placeName key="Italy" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38">Italie</placeName>. Celle-ci <pb type="page" n="320" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_320.jpg"/> s'empresse d'y joindre de la <objectName>volaille</objectName>. Eh bien ! la terre de <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, aussi bonne que pas une, peut-elle se montrer si avare que nous soyons condamnés à vider nos poches dans celles de l'étranger ? De la <objectName>volaille</objectName>, dont l'élevage ne coûte presque rien, et des <objectName>oeufs</objectName> ! mais nous devrions pouvoir en <eventName>manger</eventName> à gogo ! Tu diras cela à <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName> pour sa part.</p> <p>Oui ; on y est d'ailleurs disposé à mieux faire, répondit <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> en souriant ; on y produit déjà de bonnes <objectName>volailles</objectName> pour les dames de <placeName key="Saint-Quentin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182744">Saint-Quentin</placeName>, qui auparavant faisaient venir leur <objectName>rôti</objectName> de <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName>.</p> <p>— Ou peut-être d'<placeName key="Italy" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q38">Italie</placeName>. Vois-tu, <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName>, les femmes qui ont charge du <objectName>marché</objectName>, de la <objectName>cuisine</objectName>, c'est-à-dire de la vie de la famille, ne donneraient peut-être pas de mauvais conseils aux hommes qui font les lois.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Dans quelles conditions la tante se pourvut-elle d'une <objectName>botte d'asperges</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Quels nouveaux achats achevèrent de remplir le <objectName>panier</objectName> ?</item> <item>— En quel état était alors le porte-monnaie de la tante ? </item> <item>— Que dit-elle en souriant à sa nièce ?</item> <item>— Que devraient faire les fermières, les agriculteurs ? </item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qui est plus cher que les chiffons de toilette ? </item> <item>— Quelle réponse fit <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> à ces observations ? </item> <item>— En quels termes la tante lui démontra-t-elle que les agriculteurs ne font point assez et se privent de beaux bénéfices ? </item> <item>— Que répondit <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> au souvenir de ses voyages au marché de <placeName key="Saint-Quentin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182744">Saint-Quentin</placeName> ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="morale" xml:id="sujmor_092"> <head>Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— DE LA DÉPENSE.</item> <item>— Comment convient-il de régler ses dépenses ? </item> <item>— Quelles dépenses doivent avoir le premier rang ?</item> <item>— Que pensez-vous de ceux : 1° qui dépensent sans compter ; — 2° qui dépensent pour éblouir les autres en se privant du nécessaire ; — 3° qui dépensent avec parcimonie sans se laisser toucher par les misères d'autrui ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Sur le sujet des dépenses, <persName key="Benjamin Franklin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34969" ana="américaine" role="écrivain">Franklin</persName> a écrit de fort bonnes choses ; nous allons en reproduire quelques-unes.</p> <p> « Réglez vos dépenses selon vos moyens et n'achetez jamais à crédit. Arrangez-vous de manière à épargner à mesure que vous gagnez, c'est-à-dire dépensez toujours moins que votre revenu. Soyez en garde contre les petites dépenses ; il ne faut qu'une légère voie d’eau pour submerger un grand navire. La délicatesse du goût conduit à la mendicité ; les fous donnent des <objectName>festins</objectName> et les sages les mangent. Si tu achètes ce qui est superflu, tu ne tarderas pas à vendre ce qui t'est le plus nécessaire. Réfléchis toujours avant de profiter d'un bon marché ; j'ai vu quantité de gens ruinés pour en avoir fait, et c'est une folie que d'employer son argent à acheter un repentir. » </p> <p>Ceux qui dépensent sans compter se voient bientôt au bout de leurs ressources, et ils sont toujours dans l'embarras, réduits à la triste nécessité d'acheter à crédit ou d'emprunter.</p> <p>Quant aux personnes qui dépensent pour éblouir les autres en se privant chez elles du nécessaire, elles ignorent qu'on découvre facile-<pb type="page" n="321" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_321.jpg"/> ment leur procédé et qu'elles ne sont pour autrui qu'un sujet de pitié et de risée. On dit avec raison : « L'orgueil qui dne de vanité, soupe de mépris.»</p> <p>Ceux qui économisent sur toutes leurs dépenses ne doivent pas oublier qu'il y a des misères à soulager et que c'est une obligation pour nous d'y songer et de contribuer à leur porter remède. S'ils restent impitoyables, chacun s'éloignera d'eux avec dégoût ; on pourra les craindre, mais on ne les estimera jamais.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="sciences_naturelles" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujnat_092"> <head>Sciences naturelles.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Décrire un <objectName>oignon</objectName>.</item> <item>— Si l'on habite la campagne, indiquer comment on <eventName>plante</eventName>, <eventName>cultive</eventName>, <eventName>récolte</eventName> et <eventName>conserve</eventName> ce <objectName>légume</objectName>.</item> <item>— Sortes d'<objectName>oignons</objectName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'<term><objectName>oignon</objectName></term> est une <objectName>plante potagère</objectName> qui a une racine bulbeuse, de forme ronde, constituée par plusieurs enveloppes épaisses superposées, et qui se distingue par une <objectName>saveur</objectName> et une <objectName>odeur</objectName> fortes. Du pied naissent une ou plusieurs <objectName>tiges creuses</objectName> que surmonte l'amas des <objectName>graines</objectName> quand la <objectName>plante</objectName> arrive à <objectName>maturité</objectName>, ce qui a lieu la seconde année seulement.</p> <p>Les <objectName>oignons</objectName> se sèment au printemps dans un terrain meuble et riche ; on les <eventName>bine</eventName> plusieurs fois ; on <eventName>arrose</eventName> lors des journées brûlantes de l'été et l'on <eventName>fait</eventName> la <objectName>récolte</objectName> au commencement du mois d'août, après avoir eu soin, une semaine ou deux auparavant, de nouer les <objectName>tiges</objectName> pour arrêter la <objectName>végétation</objectName> au profit de la <objectName>bulbe</objectName>.</p> <p>Il existe plusieurs sortes d'<objectName>oignons</objectName> ; les blancs, qui ont une <objectName>saveur</objectName> moins forte que les <objectName>oignons</objectName> ordinaires, et les oignons d'<placeName key="Egypt" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79">Égypte</placeName>, qui sont les plus volumineux.</p> </div> </div> <div type="agriculture"> <head>Agriculture.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment, par la culture de certaines plantes, de certains arbustes, une <objectName>fermière</objectName>, une ménagère de la campagne peut-elle augmenter l'aisance du ménage ?</item> <item>— Quelles <objectName>conserves</objectName> pourra-t-on faire à la ville pour économiser l'achat de <objectName>légumes</objectName> en hiver ?</item> <item>— Comment les <eventName>préparera</eventName>-t-on ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Il est divers genres de culture qu'une ménagère peut entreprendre sans fatigue et avec succès à la campagne, surtout si elle demeure à proximité d'une grande ville. Au printemps, elle aura du <objectName>persil</objectName>, de l'<objectName>oseille</objectName>, du <objectName>cerfeuil</objectName>, des <objectName>pissenlits</objectName>, et même des fleurs, telles que les jacinthes, les pensées, les tulipes, dont elle tirera bon parti. Durant la saison chaude, elle s'arrangera de façon à pouvoir <eventName>recueillir</eventName> et <eventName>vendre</eventName> des <objectName>fraises</objectName>, des <objectName>framboises</objectName>, des <objectName>groseilles</objectName>, des <objectName>cassis</objectName> et, dans un autre ordre de produits, des roses, des bluets, du réséda, etc., plantes qui réclament peu de soins et forment d'agréables bouquets.</p> <p>On <eventName>fait</eventName> des conserves d'<objectName>artichauts</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">haricots verts</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">pois</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName>, d'<objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">oseille</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">cornichons</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">tomates</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">fruits divers</objectName> ; on les <eventName>prépare</eventName>, en général, par l'ébullition suivie de l'introduction de ces <objectName>légumes</objectName> dans des <objectName>vases</objectName> bien clos où ils ne seront pas en contact immédiat avec l'air.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="économie_domestique" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujeco_092"> <head>Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment <eventName>fait</eventName>-on des <objectName>conserves</objectName> de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">cerises</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">pois</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">haricots</objectName>, de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="conserves" xml:space="default">cornichons</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Comment <eventName>conserve</eventName>-t-on les <objectName>pommes</objectName>, les <objectName>poires</objectName>, les <objectName>raisins</objectName>, les <objectName>pommes de terre</objectName>, les <objectName>navets</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Comment <eventName>emploie</eventName>-t-on les <objectName>oignons</objectName> ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p><objectName>CERISES</objectName>. — <eventName>Choisir</eventName> des <objectName>fruits</objectName> nouvellement <objectName>cueillis</objectName>, avant leur complète <objectName>maturité</objectName>, encore <objectName>fermes</objectName> au toucher et tous <objectName>égaux</objectName> ; les <eventName>introduire</eventName> dans une <objectName>bouteille</objectName> à large ouverture où on les <eventName>arrangera</eventName> avec ordre ; <eventName>boucher</eventName> hermétiquement et <eventName>ficeler</eventName> ; puis <eventName>envelopper</eventName> cette <objectName>bouteille</objectName> de foin ou de chiffons et la <eventName>placer</eventName> avec les autres dans une <objectName>chaudière</objectName> dont l'<objectName>eau</objectName> sera portée à une température voisine de l'ébullition ; elle y restera pendant une heure environ. </p> <pb type="page" n="322" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_322.jpg"/> <p><objectName>POIS</objectName>. — <eventName>Faites</eventName>-les <eventName>cuire</eventName> à grande <objectName>eau</objectName> et à feu vif afin de les <eventName>conserver</eventName> verts le plus longtemps possible, avec addition du <objectName>sel</objectName> nécessaire. <eventName>Mettez</eventName>-les ensuite en <objectName>bouteilles</objectName>, comme il a été dit pour les <objectName>cerises</objectName>, et <eventName>donnez</eventName> une heure d'ébullition.</p> <p><objectName>HARICOTS</objectName>. — Après les avoir <eventName>épluchés</eventName>, <eventName>mettez</eventName> les dans une grande <objectName>terrine</objectName>, <eventName>versez</eventName> dessus de l'<objectName>eau</objectName> bouillante et <eventName>laissez</eventName>-les quelques minutes ; <eventName>retirez</eventName> et <eventName>égouttez</eventName>. <eventName>Faites</eventName>-les <eventName>cuire</eventName> ensuite dans de l'<objectName>eau</objectName> bouillante un peu <objectName>salée</objectName>, de manière qu'ils soient <objectName>croquants</objectName> ; <eventName>égouttez</eventName>-les ; <eventName>sautez</eventName>-les avec <objectName>beurre</objectName> et <objectName>persil</objectName> ; <eventName>laissez</eventName>-les <eventName>refroidir</eventName> et <eventName>mettez</eventName>-les en <objectName>bouteilles</objectName> avec leur <objectName>sauce</objectName> ; <eventName>donnez</eventName> enfin cinq minutes d'ébullition.</p> <p><objectName>CORNICHONS</objectName>. — <eventName>Prenez</eventName> de très petits <objectName>cornichons</objectName>, <eventName>brossez</eventName>-les, <eventName>coupez</eventName> le <objectName>bout de la queue</objectName> ; <eventName>mettez</eventName>-les dans un <objectName>vase de terre</objectName> avec du <objectName>sel</objectName> ; <eventName>retournez</eventName>-les assez pour qu'ils en soient tous bien imprégnés. <eventName>Laissez</eventName> ainsi <eventName>reposer</eventName> pendant vingt-quatre heures ; <eventName>égouttez</eventName>-les de l'eau qu'ils ont rendue ; <eventName>versez</eventName> du <objectName>vinaigre blanc</objectName> bouillant en quantité suffisante pour qu'ils y <eventName>baignent</eventName>. <eventName>Couvrez</eventName> le <objectName>vase</objectName> et <eventName>laissez</eventName> <eventName>infuser</eventName> durant vingt quatre heures ; <eventName>retirez</eventName>-en le <objectName>vinaigre</objectName> que vous <eventName>mettrez</eventName> <eventName>bouillir</eventName> dans un <objectName>chaudron non étamé</objectName>, sur un <objectName>feu</objectName> très vif ; <eventName>jetez</eventName>-y les <objectName>cornichons</objectName>, <eventName>remuez</eventName>-les, et au moment où ils seront près de <eventName>bouillir</eventName>, <eventName>retirez</eventName>-les du <objectName>chaudron</objectName> et <eventName>laissez</eventName> <eventName>refroidir</eventName>. <eventName>Mettez</eventName>-les dans les <objectName>vases</objectName> où ils doivent <eventName>rester</eventName> et <eventName>couvrez</eventName>-les d'<objectName>assaisonnement</objectName>. comme <objectName>estragon</objectName>, <objectName>piment</objectName>, petits <objectName>oignons</objectName>, <objectName>ail</objectName> ; <eventName>remplissez</eventName> les <objectName>vases</objectName> de <objectName>vinaigre</objectName> de manière que tout <eventName>baigne</eventName> ; <eventName>couvrez</eventName>-les avec soin ; ils sont bons huit jours après.</p> <p>On <eventName>conserve</eventName> les <objectName>pommes</objectName>, les <objectName>poires</objectName>, les <objectName>raisins</objectName>, les <objectName>pommes de terre</objectName>, les <objectName>navets</objectName> dans des lieux où la température reste entre 10 et 12° et où ils sont à l'abri de l'humidité et de la lumière.</p> <p>On <eventName>emploie</eventName> les <objectName>oignons</objectName> comme <objectName>assaisonnement</objectName> autour des <objectName>rôtis</objectName>, dans la <objectName>soupe</objectName> et les <objectName>ragoûts</objectName> ; plus ils sont <objectName>cuits</objectName>, meilleurs ils sont.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
