138. — Mauvais temps. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch138.xml?note_annotation_20240104140336734", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2024-01-04T19:03:36.734Z", "dcterms:modified": "2024-01-04T19:03:36.734Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "1", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "admin" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch138.xml?note_annotation_20240104140336734#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch138.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.4.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch138.xml?note_annotation_20240104140336734#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[3]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Chômage. 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"schema:softwareVersion": "3.4.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch138"> <pb n="488" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_488.jpg"/> <head>138. — Mauvais temps. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>La bise sifflait, balayant les feuilles mortes. Déjà, aux derniers jours d'octobre, des flocons de neige voltigeaient dans l'air. Sous le ciel gris, le rude hiver s'avançait.</p> <p>Ce jour-là, le village de <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName> paraissait triste, quoiqu'on y connût depuis longtemps la bise et la neige ; les fronts étaient soucieux. </p> <p>Des bruits d'arrêt de travail et de baisse de salaire arrivaient des environs. Et, comme au spectacle de la grêle ravageant les champs voisins le laboureur tremble pour les siens, les tisseurs de <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName> tremblaient de voir fondre aussi sur eux la grande misère du chômage*<note type="annotation">Chômage. Temps pondant lequel le travail est suspendu.</note>. </p> <p>La ferme, moins directement intéressée à la crainte générale, n'en était pas moins préoccupée, car on y savait penser à la peine d'autrui.</p> <p>Suzette achevait de ranger dans l'armoire son linge tout éblouissant de blancheur.</p> <p>Certes, il n'y avait pas de luxe, et les draps, par exemple, n'étaient pas de cette toile dont vingt aunes*<note type="annotation">Aune. Ancienne mesura égale à 1m20.</note> <pb n="489" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_489.jpg"/> <fw type="header">MAUVAIS TEMPS. 489</fw> roulées passaient, comme dit le vieux conte, par le trou d'une aiguille ; non, mais c'était de bonne toile de lin au fil bien rond, bien tors, rappelant celui que filaient jadis à la quenouille les « fileresses », nos mères.</p> <p>Quelle bonne odeur fraiche en sortait après la lessive, l'herbée*<note type="annotation">Herbée.Exposition du linge sur l'herbe.</note>, le repassage ! Et comme on le choyait ! Ne nous parlez pas d'une ménagère sans souci de son linge. Ici on avait une devise : « Fais bien ce que tu fais. » Aussi repassait-on comme on lessivait et rangeait. C'est une besogne proprette que le repassage. Et <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> la faisait d'ordinaire en caraco rose ou lilas, ce qui lui donnait un air de fleur printanière.</p> <figure> <caption> Fers à repasser. 1 et 2. Fer ordinaire des blanchisseuses ; — 3 et 4. Fers creux dans lesquels on met de la braise ou un charbon allumés ; — 5. Fer spéclal pour repasser les bonnets : on chauffe la demi-boule qui surmonte la tige et l'on passe ensulte sur cette demi-boule le bonnet, que l'on tient avec les mains ; — 6. Fer à tuyauter pour les étoffes empesées et les dentelles.</caption> </figure> <p>Tant qu'il s'agissait du linge plat, mouchoirs, taies d'oreillers, serviettes, etc., elle chantait. Et pan ! pan ! pan ! allez, le fer ! Et pan ! pan ! pan ! revenez-y !</p> <p>Mais au linge empesé, cols, manchettes, chemises d'homme, son visage devenait sérieux. Attentivement <pb n="490" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_490.jpg"/> <fw type="header">490 SUZETTE.</fw> elle approchait de sa joue le fer pour bien juger de son degré de chaleur. Et alors, c'était une façon posée de le glisser sur les cols, les poignets, les plastrons, de souffler sur la moindre poussière, de gratter prestement les petits amas d'amidon pour les empêcher de se fixer là, d'y former ces sortes de galettes si laides à l'œil et qui affichent si bien l'inexpérience de l'ouvrière.</p> <p>Elle n'était pas arrivée du premier coup à ce talent. <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, que la coquetterie n'étouffait pourtant pas, avait jadis plus d'une fois souri devant les arabesques de faux plis, les empreintes de fer décorant ses plastrons de chemise.</p> <p>Aujourd'hui, vous pouvez mettre vos lunettes, papa, regarder ! même au microscope*<note type="annotation">Microscope. Instrumuent qui grossit les objets qu'on y regarde.</note>... non, pas ça à reprendre Et alors, c'était une façon posée de le glisser sur les cols, les poignets, les plastrons, de souffler sur la moindre poussière.... Comme elle posait sur le dernier rayon de l'armoire la dernière rangée de mouchoirs de poche, <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> entra, le visage grave. Elle se retourna :</p> <p>— Père, qu'y a-t-il ?... Ah ! le chômage ! </p> <p>— Non, ma fille, pas encore, mais la baisse des salaires. Les meilleurs ouvriers, ceux qui gagnaient quarante sous, ne pourront aller au delà de trente ou trente-cinq.</p> <p>Elle leva les mains au ciel. Elle savait ce que sont trente sous et même quarante, dans une maison de quatre, six, huit personnes :</p> <p>— Que vont faire ces pauvres gens ?</p> <pb n="491" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_491.jpg"/> <fw type="header">MAUVAIS TEMPS. 491</fw> <p>— L'entrepreneur*<note type="annotation">Entrepreneur, Celui qui se charge d'exécuter un travail considérable.</note> n'est pas un méchant homme ; il leur a montré ses comptes ; la concurrence étrangère l'écrase. Ils ont accepté. </p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Décrivez les premiers jours de la mauvaise saison.</item> <item>— Quels bruits arrivaient des environs ?</item> <item>— Quelle sorte d'ouvriers renfermait le village ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi s'affligeait-on à la ferme de la baisse des salaires ?</item> <item>— Que faisait <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> durant l'après-midi ?</item> <item>— Qu'était son linge ?</item> <item>— Quels soins lui donnait-elle ?</item> <item>— Quel est l'objet du repassage ?</item> <item>— Faites connaître les diverses sortes de fers.</item> <item>— Comment s'y prenait la jeune fille pour repasser : 1° le gros linge,</item> <item>— 2° le linge fin ?</item> <item>— Que savez vous de ses débuts dans l'art de repasser ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> avait-il le visage grave en rentrant ?</item> <item>— Que dit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ?</item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par concurrence ; — par concurrence étrangère ?</item> <item>— Quel était l'effet de cette dernière concurrence ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="composition"> <head type="sujets">Composition.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item> — Aspect que présente en hiver soit un village avec la campagne environnante, soit la ville.</item> <item>— Plaisirs et misères de l'hiver.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>(Voir <title>COURS DE COMPOSITION FRANÇAISE (Degré supérieur), Partie du maître, par <persName type="historique">E. LAPORTE</persName></title>, page 300.)</p> </div> </div> <div type="industrie"> <head type="sujets">Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— DE LA TOILE.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que la toile ?</item> <item>— De quelles plantes textiles proviennent les fils avec lesquels on fabrique les toiles ?</item> <item>— Qualités et défauts de chacune de ces sortes de toiles.</item> <item>— Blanchiment des toiles.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La toile est un tissu de fils de lin, de chanvre et de coton. Par analogie, on donne encore ce nom à quelques autres tissus : toiles métalliques, toile d'amiante. On fabrique la toile avec des métiers mis en œuvre par les tisserands, qui sont très nombreux dans les villes manufacturières du <placeName>Nord</placeName>, de l'<placeName>Est</placeName> et dans quelques villes des autres régions, telles que <placeName key="Flers" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q148263">Flers</placeName>, <placeName key="Cholet" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q185066">Cholet</placeName>, <placeName key="Rouen" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q30974">Rouen</placeName>.</p> <p>Les toiles de lin et de chanvre sont résistantes et de longue durée ; elles ne blessent pas les peaux délicates, mais elles donnent une sensation désagréable de froid lorsqu'elles sont mouillées par la transpiration. Celles de coton sont plus chaudes et ne présentent pas l'inconvénient que nous venons de signaler ; mais elles ont le défaut de causer souvent des démangeaisons par les aspérités de leur tissu. Enfin, si elles ont l'avantage de coûter moins que les autres, elles durent peu, surtout dans les villes, où l'on use de procédés destructeurs pour blanchir le linge.</p> <p>BLANCHIMENT DES TOILES. — Le blanchiment qu'il ne faut pas confondre avec le blanchissage, est une opération qui a pour objet de donner une blancheur convenable aux toiles récemment tissées qui ne sont pas destinées à être teintes.</p> <p>Le procédé le plus commun consiste à laver la toile dans une dissolution de potasse et de soude, puis de l'étendre pendant des semaines entières, jour et nuit, sur l'herbe des prairies. On emploie une méthode beaucoup plus expéditive dans les grandes fabriques, au détriment toutefois de la solidité de la toile ; on plonge le tissu dans une dissolution de chlore ou on l'expose simplement à l'action de ce gaz.</p> <p>N. B. — Le chlore est un gaz de couleur verdâtre qui provoque une toux violente quand on le respire, et qui jouit de la propriété de détruire les couleurs végétales. Aussi ne l'emploie-t-on jamais pour la <pb n="492" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_492.jpg"/> <fw type="header">492 SUZETTE.</fw> laine et la soie, qu'il réduirait en bouillie. On blanchit la laine à la vapeur du soufre.</p> </div> </div> <div type="économie_domestique"> <head type="sujets">Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item> — Avec quelle toile feriez-vous de préférence : des draps de lit, des nappes, des serviettes, des essuie-mains, des torchons, des mouchoirs, du linge de corps ?</item> <item>— Manière de préparer l'amidon et le linge qu'on veut repasser.</item> <item>— Comment fait-on chauffer les fers ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Les meilleures toiles pour le linge de ménage, comme draps, serviettes, nappes, essuie-mains, torchons, sont celles de chanvre. On préfère cependant la toile de lin pour le linge fin. Celle de coton s'emploie pour les chemises, guimpes, cols, poignets, jupons ; elle ne coûte guère et prend au blanchissage une belle couleur blanche.</p> <p>En faisant tomber de l'eau sur de la farine, cette eau entraîne une substance qui la colore en blanc et se dépose au fond du vase où l'on a recueilli le liquide. Séchée et réduite en poudre, on lui donne le nom d'amidon. L'autre partie de la farine est une matière molle, gluante, élastique qu'on appelle gluten ; c'est la partie nourrissante au pain. On trouve encore l'amidon dans les pommes de terre, les haricots, les pois, mais alors on le désigne sous le nom de fécule.</p> <p>L'amidon est sans odeur ni saveur : c'est une poudre blanche et brillante, insoluble dans l'eau froide. Traitée par l'eau bouillante, elle se convertit en une gelée connue sous le nom d'empois, qui sert à donner au linge qu'on repasse une certaine fermeté et un certain éclat.</p> <p>On fait chauffer les fers sur un fourneau à charbon qu'on a soin de placer sous le manteau d'une cheminée ou au dehors, à cause du dégagement de gaz malsains qui se produirait sur un poêle, un fourneau de cuisine et même devant le foyer. On se sert encore pour cet usage de la flamme du gaz d'éclairage.</p> </div> </div> <div type="calcul"> <head type="sujets">Calcul.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item> — Que coûtent, dans votre commune, le blanchissage et le repassage de 3 bonnets de nuit, de 6 cols, de 4 guimpes, de 12 mouchoirs de poche, de 3 pantalons, de 2 jupons blancs tuyautés ? (Disposer ce compte sous forme de facture.)</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p><persName type="fictif">FOURNER Eléonore</persName>, blanchisseuse à <placeName key="Chailly-en-Bière" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1168042">Chailly-en-Bière</placeName> (S.-et-M.).</p> <p>Doit <persName type="fictif">Mlle LENOIR Henriette</persName>, le blanchissage de :</p> <p>3 bonnets de nuit à .. fr... l'un........</p> <p>6 cols... ... à .. fr... l'un ...</p> <p>—</p> <p>TOTAL...... </p> <p>Pour acquit :</p> <p><placeName key="Chailly-en-Bière" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1168042">Chailly-en-Bière</placeName>, le 28 juillet 1878.</p> <p><persName type="fictif">E. FOURNIER</persName>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
135. — Affaires de cuisine et de famille. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" 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Affaires de cuisine et de famille. </head> <div type="récit"> <p><persName type="fictif" key="madeleine">La Parisienne</persName> <eventName>manipula</eventName> les <objectName>œufs</objectName>, le<objectName> lait</objectName>, le <objectName>sucre</objectName> qui attendaient sur la<objectName> table</objectName>. Le <objectName>lait</objectName>, <objectName>sucré</objectName>, bouillit, se <eventName>mélangea</eventName> avec les <objectName>œufs battus</objectName>, le tout <objectName>aromatisé de vanille</objectName>, puis attendit. Une autre portion de <objectName>sucre</objectName> <eventName>cuisait</eventName>, et remplissait la maison d'une odeur particulière.</p> <p>— Ça <eventName>brûle</eventName> ! cria <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> qui entrait.</p> <p>— Ça ne <eventName>brûle</eventName> pas ! c'est le <objectName>caramel</objectName> !</p> <p>C'était le <objectName>caramel</objectName>, en effet. Il était là transparent, joliment vitrifié autour du <objectName>moule</objectName>.</p> <p>Un moment plus tard, la <objectName>crème</objectName> <eventName>se coagulait</eventName>*<note type="annotation"> Coaguler. Se dit d'un liquide épais qui prend de la consistance. </note> irréprochable, dans le<objectName> four du poêle</objectName>. Et, bientôt, une main légère et vive la <eventName>renversait</eventName> sur le<objectName> <objectName>plat</objectName></objectName>, tout d'une pièce, admirablement moulée, onctueuse, brune, caramélisée.</p> <p>—A toi, <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ! A la <objectName>tarte</objectName> !</p> <p>Elle s'y mit.</p> <p>Ce fut d'abord un mélange assez confus des in-<pb type="page" n="474" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_474.jpg"/> grédients de la <objectName>pâte</objectName>, et au-dessus une paire de mains enfarinées qui <eventName>pétrissaient</eventName>, <eventName>allaient</eventName>, <eventName>voltigeaient</eventName>, <eventName>jouant</eventName> du <objectName>rouleau</objectName>, du <objectName>couteau</objectName> ; et ce fut ensuite une jolie <objectName>assiette de pâte</objectName> au triple bord gentiment tuyauté, et relevé encore d'un savant petit coup de <objectName>doroir</objectName>*<note type="annotation"> Doroir. Sorte de plume avec laquelle on dore les <objectName>pâtisseries</objectName>. </note>. Les <figure> <caption><objectName>Moules</objectName> à <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moules" xml:space="default">pâtisserie</objectName>. 1. <objectName>Moule</objectName> pour <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moules " xml:space="default">fromages</objectName> et <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moules " xml:space="default">crèmes</objectName> ; — 2. <objectName>Moule</objectName>, pour <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moule" xml:space="default">gâteau de riz</objectName> ; — 3. <objectName>Moule</objectName> pour <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moule" xml:space="default">gâteaux</objectName> divers ; — 4. <objectName>Mo<objectName/>ule</objectName> pour <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moule" xml:space="default">madeleines</objectName>; — 5. <objectName>Moule rond</objectName> pour <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moule" xml:space="default">pâ<objectName/>tés</objectName> ; — 6. <objectName>Moule ovale</objectName> pour <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moule ovale" xml:space="default">pâtés</objectName> ; — 7. <objectName>Moule</objectName> pour <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Moule" xml:space="default">biscuits</objectName> ; — 8. <objectName>Cercle</objectName> pour les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="Cercle" xml:space="default">tartes</objectName> ; — 9. <objectName>Plaque</objectName> pour <eventName>mettre</eventName> au <objectName>four</objectName> les <objectName>galettes</objectName> et les <objectName>tartes</objectName>.</caption> </figure> <objectName>prunes de reine-Claude</objectName> préparées à l'avance, débarrassées de leurs <objectName>noyaux</objectName>, s'y rangèrent ; quelques bonnes pincées de<objectName> sucre en poudre</objectName> : — et preste au <objectName>four</objectName> vif !</p> <p>Quand elle en <eventName>sortit</eventName>, pour une <objectName>tarte</objectName> aux <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="tarte" xml:space="default">prunes</objectName>, c'était une <objectName>tarte</objectName> aux <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="tarte" xml:space="default">prunes</objectName> ! </p> <p>On la <eventName>posa</eventName> en face de la <objectName>crème renversée</objectName>. Les deux cordons bleus se regardèrent en souriant ; et se tournant ensemble du côté de la porte :</p> <p>— A table ! pour le prix ! crièrent-elles.</p> <p>Mais on ne vint pas. De l'autre côté de la porte, s'accomplissait aussi une importante affaire, entre <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> et le neveu <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> :</p> <p>— Vraiment ! tu veux l'emmener à <placeName>Paris</placeName>, le faire instruire dans la mécanique ?</p> <p>— Oui, mon oncle ; mieux vaut être un bon méca-<pb type="page" n="475" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_475.jpg"/> nicien qu'un mauvais laboureur. Vous traitez vos terres suivant leurs qualités ; il est bon aussi de traiter les esprits suivant leurs facultés. J'ai fait causer <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> ; ce n'est point un sot.</p> <p>— Parbleu, je le sais bien qu'il n'est point un sot !... Et <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> est de ton avis?</p> <p>— Oh ! il y a longtemps !</p> <p>— Voyez-vous ça !</p> <p>Visiblement, <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> achevait de se débattre, et quand <persName type="fictif" key="madeleine">Madeleine</persName> cria de nouveau : A table ! et que la porte s’ouvrit, il était complètement rendu.</p> <p>Un moment, en présence des deux<objectName> friandises</objectName>, la famille, avant de s'asseoir, tint conseil. <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> en fut. Il accepta la succession de <persName type="fictif" key="jacques">Jacques</persName>, car celle de <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> ne comptait pas.</p> <p>— Eh bien, soit ! puisque tout le monde le veut, dit enfin le père.</p> <p>M. <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>, qui, averti de la délibération, se tenait fort anxieux*<note type="annotation">Anxieux. Qui est en peine, embarrassé d’esprit. </note> au jardin, fut appelé. On l'informa de la décision. Tout ému de joie, il sauta successivement au cou de tout le monde.</p> <p>On se mit alors à table, où l'on prit une autre décision, également unanime, sur la question de la <objectName>crème renversée</objectName> et de la <objectName>tarte aux reines-Claude.</objectName></p> <p>Toutes deux <eventName>furent</eventName> couronnées ex æquo*<note type="annotation"> Ex æquo. A mérite égal. </note> — et achevées jusqu'à la dernière <objectName>miette</objectName>.</p> <p>Deux jours après, M. <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> bien chapitré, bien embrassé, partait pour la capitale avec <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> et <persName type="fictif" key="madeleine">Madeleine</persName>.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Exposez la manière dont <persName type="fictif" key="madeleine">Madeleine</persName> <eventName>prépara</eventName> la <objectName>crème renversée.</objectName> </item> <item>— A quel moment <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> se mit-il à crier ?</item> <item>— Comment <eventName>acheva</eventName>-t-on la <objectName>crème</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Dites comment <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> s'y prit pour <eventName>confectionner</eventName> une <objectName>tarte aux prunes</objectName>.</item> <item>— Que <eventName>fit</eventName>-on quand la <objectName>tarte</objectName> <eventName>fut</eventName> cuite ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi ne vint-on pas à l'appel des deux cordons bleus ?</item> <item>— Racontez comment <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> décida son oncle à lui confier <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>.</item> <item> — Quel conseil fut tenu avant de se mettre à table ? </item> <item>— Racontez le retour de <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> qui était resté au jardin. </item> <item>— Comment <eventName>apprécia</eventName>-t-on et <eventName>jugea</eventName>-t-on <objectName>crème</objectName> et <objectName>tarte</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qui se passa deux jours après ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="industrie"> <head type="sujets">Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Nommez des machines.</item> <item>— Indiquez quelques pièces qu'on rencontre dans presque toutes les machines ; — ce qui les met en mouvement quand elles sont très fortes.</item> <item>— Donnez la définition <pb type="page" n="476" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_476.jpg"/> d'une machine.</item> <item>— Services que rendent les machines. Exemples.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'un mécanicien ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Parmi les machines, on peut citer les horloges, les machines à coudre, les moulins, les locomotives, les pompes, les charrues, les grues, les lampes Carcel, etc. — Dans chacune d'elles, on rencontre des roues simples ou des roues dentées, des pièces qu'actionne la force motrice, des écrous, des boulons, des tiges métalliques.</p> <p>Lorsqu'il s'agit de mettre en mouvement des machines très puissantes, on a recours aux forces naturelles, telles que le vent, l'eau, la vapeur.</p> <p>Une machine est donc un ensemble de pièces fixes ou mobiles propre à faire mouvoir, à lever, à tirer, à traîner, à lancer quelque chose. Elle est mise en jeu par l'action directe de l'homme, d'un animal ou d'une force naturelle.</p> <p>On connaît les merveilleux effets de l'association des efforts vers un même but : c'est une force productive immense. En vain multiplierait-on cent fois par lui-même le travail d'un seul homme, il n'aura pas la centième partie de la puissance que possèdent les efforts combinés et simultanés de cent travailleurs tendant vers un même résultat. C'est ainsi que 10 ouvriers chargés chacun de l'une des opérations que nécessite la fabrication d'une épingle, en fabriquent 48,000 environ par jour, soit 4,800 par tête. S'ils avaient tous travaillé indépendamment les uns des autres, chacun n'eût certainement pas fabriqué vingt épingles.</p> <p>Les machines sont combinées de façon à réunir dans la main d'un seul travailleur les mille détails d'une fabrication qui, sans cela, en exigerait un grand nombre ; c'est ainsi que les machines exécutent en Angleterre le travail de douze cents millions d'hommes. Par elles, le travail de l'ouvrier est plus facile, moins fatigant et plus productif. On leur doit encore l'avantage précieux d'abaisser le prix des produits et de les mettre à la portée des consommateurs les moins aisés, Ainsi, par exemple, une Bible qui coûtait, avant l'invention de l'imprimerie, une somme correspondant à 3,200 francs de notre monnaie, peut être acquise aujourd'hui pour 4 à 5 francs.</p> <p>Un mécanicien est celui qui invente, construit ou dirige des machines.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="économie_domestique" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujeco_135"> <head type="sujets">Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Exposez comment on <eventName>bat</eventName> les <objectName>œufs</objectName>, — comment on <eventName>prépare</eventName> du <objectName>caramel</objectName>.</item> <item>— Usages du <objectName>caramel</objectName>.</item> </list> <list> <item>— Comment <eventName>feriez</eventName>-vous un <objectName>gâteau</objectName> simple, une <objectName>brioche</objectName>, une <objectName>tarte aux pommes</objectName> ou aux <objectName>confitures</objectName>, un <objectName>gâteau de Savoie</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Parlez des <objectName>moules à pâtisserie.</objectName></item> <item>— Donnez une idée de la confection d'un <objectName>pâté</objectName>.</item> <item>— Citez quelques villes dont les <objectName>pâtés</objectName> jouissent d'une certaine renommée.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Pour <eventName>battre</eventName> les <objectName>œufs</objectName>, en vue de faire, par exemple, des <objectName>œufs à la neige</objectName>, on <eventName>prend</eventName> des <objectName>œufs</objectName> que l'on <eventName>casse</eventName> en deux au-dessus d'un <objectName>plat creux</objectName> assez profond ; on <eventName>verse</eventName> les <objectName>blancs</objectName> dans ce <objectName>plat</objectName> en <eventName>transvasant</eventName> le <objectName>blanc</objectName> et le <objectName>jaune</objectName> successivement d'une <objectName>coquille</objectName> dans l'autre ; ensuite on <eventName>fouette</eventName> avec une <objectName>fourchette</objectName> dans un lieu frais.</p> <p>On entend par <objectName>caramel du sucre </objectName>qu'on a <eventName>fait fondre</eventName> sur le <objectName>feu</objectName> et même un peu <eventName>brûler</eventName>. Pour <eventName>préparer</eventName> du <objectName>caramel</objectName>, on <eventName>met</eventName> dans un <objectName>poêlon</objectName> 200 grammes de <objectName>sucre</objectName>, par exemple, et un <objectName>verre d'eau</objectName> ordinaire ; on <eventName>active</eventName> le <objectName>feu</objectName> de manière à <eventName>obtenir</eventName> une ébullition rapide. Bientôt le <objectName>caramel</objectName> <eventName>se forme</eventName>, et le liquide <eventName>prend</eventName> d'abord une teinte blonde qui <eventName>tourne</eventName> au brun. <eventName>Retirez</eventName> alors du <objectName>feu</objectName>, <eventName>versez</eventName> un <objectName>verre d’eau froide</objectName>, et <eventName>remettez</eventName> le tout sur le <objectName>feu</objectName> afin que la fusion <eventName>s'achève</eventName>.</p> <p>Le<objectName> caramel</objectName> sert à <eventName>colorer</eventName> le <objectName>bouillon du pot-au-feu</objectName>, à <eventName>dorer</eventName> certains <objectName>gâteaux</objectName>, la <objectName>crème renversée</objectName>, entre autres. </p> <pb type="page" n="477" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_477.jpg"/> <p><objectName>GATEAU SIMPLE</objectName> OU <objectName>GALETTE DE MÉNAGE</objectName>. —<eventName>Disposez</eventName> sur une <objectName>table</objectName> ou sur une de ces <objectName>planchettes rondes </objectName>préparées à cet effet, 500 grammes de <objectName>farine</objectName> très fine ; <eventName>mettez</eventName> dans un trou fait au milieu 300 grammes de <objectName>beurre </objectName>et 10 de <objectName>sel</objectName>. <eventName>Pétrissez</eventName> avec un <objectName>verre d'eau</objectName>, et pendant le cours de l'opération <eventName>versez</eventName> par portions un autre <objectName>verre</objectName>. <eventName>Fraisez</eventName> une fois la <objectName>pâte</objectName> ; au bout d'une heure, pendant laquelle on a <eventName>laissé</eventName> cette <objectName>pâte</objectName> au frais, <eventName>formez</eventName> et <eventName>dorez</eventName> la <objectName>galette</objectName> ; <eventName>faites</eventName> le dessin avec une pointe mousse de <objectName>couteau</objectName>, et <eventName>mettez</eventName> au <objectName>four</objectName> pendant une demi-heure.</p> <p><objectName>BRIOCHE</objectName>. — On <eventName>prépare</eventName> d'abord le <objectName>levain</objectName>, puis la <objectName>pâte</objectName>. Pour le <objectName>levain</objectName>, <eventName>mettre</eventName> dans une<objectName> assiette</objectName> 125 grammes de <objectName>fleur de farine</objectName>, 12 grammes de <objectName>levure</objectName> de <objectName>bière</objectName> ou 25 de <objectName>levain de pain</objectName>, et un <objectName>demi-verre d'eau tiède</objectName> ; <eventName>délayer</eventName> de manière à <eventName>obtenir</eventName> une <objectName>pâte molle</objectName> ; <eventName>couvrir</eventName> le tout d'une <objectName>assiette</objectName> et <eventName>déposer</eventName> dans un lieu chaud sous une <objectName>couverture</objectName>.</p> <p>Pour la <objectName>pâte</objectName>, <eventName>mettre</eventName> sur la <objectName>table</objectName> 300 grammes de <objectName>farine</objectName> et <eventName>placer</eventName>, dans un trou fait au milieu, un égal poids de <objectName>beurre</objectName>, 8 grammes de <objectName>sel</objectName>, un <objectName>demi-verre</objectName> de <objectName>lait </objectName>ou de<objectName> crème</objectName>, 9 <objectName>œufs</objectName> entiers. <eventName>Délayer</eventName> et <eventName>faire entrer</eventName> peu à peu la <objectName>farine</objectName> ; <eventName>pétrir</eventName> la <objectName>pâte</objectName> en <eventName>foulant</eventName> à plusieurs reprises avec la paume de la main ; <eventName>incorporer</eventName> le <objectName>levain</objectName> sans trop fatiguer la <objectName>pâte</objectName> ; <eventName>fariner</eventName> un <objectName>linge blanc</objectName> dont on <eventName>couvre</eventName> une <objectName>sébile</objectName>, une <objectName>terrine</objectName> ou une <objectName>corbeille à pain</objectName>. Y <eventName>placer</eventName> la <objectName>pâte</objectName> recouverte du <objectName>linge</objectName> et <eventName>laisser reposer</eventName> pendant 12 heures dans un lieu chaud à 15°. </p> <p>Au bout de ce temps, <eventName>aplatir</eventName> la <objectName>pâte</objectName>, en <eventName>replier</eventName> cinq ou six fois les bords vers le centre, et la <eventName>laisser reposer</eventName> encore 3 ou 4 heures, recouverte d'un <objectName>linge</objectName>. <eventName>Aplatir</eventName> encore deux fois, et <eventName>replier</eventName> les bords vers le centre sans la <eventName>fouler</eventName> ; <eventName>faire</eventName> alors une boule ; <eventName>donner</eventName> la forme ; <eventName>poser</eventName> la tête du morceau en le <eventName>collant</eventName> avec de l'<objectName>eau</objectName> ; <eventName>mettre</eventName> la <objectName>brioche</objectName> sur une <objectName>plaque de tôle</objectName> un peu beurrée, <eventName>dorer</eventName> et <eventName>enfourner</eventName> de suite à une bonne chaleur. Il faut environ une demi-heure de cuisson.</p> <p><objectName>TARTE AUX POMMES</objectName> OU AUX <objectName>CONFITURES</objectName>. — <eventName>Faites</eventName> de la <objectName>pâte brisée </objectName>; <eventName>étendez</eventName>-la mince et la <eventName>placez</eventName> sur une<objectName> tourtière plate</objectName> qui sera beurrée pour que rien ne s'y <eventName>attache</eventName>. <eventName>Coupez</eventName> la <objectName>pâte</objectName> qui <eventName>dépasse</eventName>. <eventName>Façonnez</eventName> le bord avec la pince et <eventName>dorez</eventName>-le.</p> <p><eventName>Faites cuire</eventName> la <objectName>pâte</objectName> à <objectName>four gai</objectName> après <eventName>avoir placé</eventName> contre les bords de la <objectName>tarte</objectName>, pour les <eventName>soutenir</eventName>, de la <objectName>farine,</objectName> du<objectName> papier</objectName> ou du <objectName>carton</objectName>. <eventName>Piquez</eventName> le fond afin d'<eventName>éviter</eventName> au <objectName>four</objectName> le soulèvement de la <objectName>pâte</objectName>.</p> <p><eventName>Placez</eventName> alors sur la <objectName>pâte cuite</objectName> les <objectName>fruits</objectName> dont on <eventName>aura enlevé</eventName> les noyaux et les queues. <eventName>Garnissez</eventName> votre<objectName> tarte </objectName>et <eventName>remettez</eventName>-la au <objectName>four</objectName>. Cette cuisson préalable de la <objectName>pâte</objectName> la <eventName>rend</eventName> plus croustillante que lorsqu'on <eventName>fait cuire</eventName> le tout ensemble. Cependant on <eventName>fait</eventName> aussi ces <objectName>tartes</objectName> en <eventName>mettant cuire</eventName> en même temps la <objectName>pâte</objectName> avec les <objectName>fruits</objectName> arrangés et bien serrés dessus.</p> <p>Dans les <objectName>tartes</objectName> aux <objectName>confitures</objectName>, on <eventName>remplace</eventName> les<objectName> fruits</objectName> par des <objectName>confitures</objectName>.</p> <p><objectName>GATEAU </objectName>OU <objectName>BISCUIT DE SAVOIE</objectName>. — <eventName>Séparez</eventName> avec beaucoup de soin les <objectName>jaunes</objectName> de cinq <objectName>œufs ;</objectName> <eventName>mettez</eventName>-les dans une<objectName> terrine</objectName> avec 250 grammes de <objectName>sucre</objectName> et le<objectName> zeste d'un citron râpé</objectName> sur le <objectName>sucre</objectName> avant de le <eventName>réduire</eventName> en <objectName>poudre</objectName> ; <eventName>battez</eventName> le tout. <eventName>Ajoutez</eventName> 125 grammes de <objectName>farine séchée au four</objectName> et passée au tamis pour <eventName>éviter</eventName> les <objectName>grumeaux</objectName>, de la <objectName>fleur d'oranger pralinée, hachée fin</objectName>, en <eventName>battant</eventName> encore le tout. <eventName>Faites</eventName> ce <objectName>mélange</objectName> légèrement pour ne pas <eventName>donner</eventName> trop de corps à la <objectName>pâte</objectName>, ce qui l'<eventName>empécherait</eventName> de <eventName>faire</eventName> son effet au <objectName>four</objectName>.</p> <p><eventName>Fouettez</eventName> dans une autre terrine les <objectName>blancs</objectName> de telle manière qu'ils <eventName>soient</eventName> durs au point de <eventName>supporter</eventName> une pièce de deux francs ; <eventName>mêlez</eventName> ces <objectName>blancs</objectName> avec les <objectName>jaunes</objectName> peu à peu au moyen de la cuiller, et en <eventName>soulevant</eventName> la <objectName>pâte</objectName> sans la <eventName>battre</eventName>. </p> <pb type="page" n="478" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_478.jpg"/> <p>Vous <eventName>avez</eventName> à l'avance <eventName>beurré </eventName>un<objectName> moule</objectName> ou une <objectName>casserole</objectName> et <eventName>saupoudré</eventName> ce <objectName>beurre de sucre</objectName> ; <eventName>mettez</eventName>-y votre <objectName>pâte</objectName>, en <eventName>prenant</eventName> soin qu'elle ne <eventName>remplisse</eventName> que la moitié du <objectName>moule</objectName>. <eventName>Placez</eventName> celui-ci sur un <objectName>feu doux de cendres</objectName>, avec<objectName> feu plus vif </objectName>sur le <objectName>couvercle</objectName> et sous le <objectName>four de campagne</objectName>. Au bout d'une heure, le <objectName>gâteau</objectName> est parfaitement cuit. <eventName>Démoulez</eventName>-le presque froid.</p> <p><objectName>MOULES</objectName>. — On appelle <objectName>moule</objectName> un <objectName>objet creux taillé</objectName> et façonné de telle sorte que la <objectName>matière molle</objectName> ou détrempée qu'on y <eventName>introduit</eventName> <eventName>reçoit</eventName> une forme déterminée. Les <objectName>moules à pâtisserie</objectName> sont ordinairement en fer-blanc.</p> <p><objectName>PATÉ DE CAMPAGNE</objectName>. — <eventName>Hachez</eventName> 500 grammes de <objectName>veau</objectName> et 250 grammes de <objectName>chair à saucisses</objectName> et <eventName>assaisonnez</eventName> à volonté. <eventName>Placez</eventName> cette <objectName>farce</objectName> à froid sur une <objectName>abaisse de pâte</objectName> <eventName>faite</eventName> comme la <objectName>pâte brisée</objectName> pour <objectName>galettes</objectName> ; <eventName>posez</eventName> le tout sur une <objectName>plaque de four</objectName> de 0m,32. <eventName>Recouvrez</eventName> d'une pareille abaisse ; <eventName>dorez</eventName> et <eventName>faites cuire</eventName> trois quarts d'heure environ dans un <objectName>four</objectName> quelconque. Il faut un litre et demi de <objectName>farine</objectName>. (D'après <persName type="historique">Audot</persName>, <title>Cuisinière pratique</title>.)</p> <p>Les<objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="pâtés de foies gras" type="pâté"> pâtés de foies gras de <placeName key="Strasbourg" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6602">Strasbourg</placeName>,</objectName> <objectName>ceux de canards d</objectName>'<placeName key="Amiens" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41604">Amiens</placeName>, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" type="pâté" xml:space="default">ceux d'alouettes de <placeName key="Pithiviers" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q217159">Pithiviers</placeName>,</objectName> jouissent d'une grande réputation.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
126. — Un mariage. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922730", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T17:09:22.730Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T17:09:22.730Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "5", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "John Westbrook" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922730#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922730#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[4]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Télémaque. Livre de\n Fénelon qui traite des aventures de\n Télémaque." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922732", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T17:09:22.732Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T17:09:22.732Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "5", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "John Westbrook" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922732#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922732#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[6]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Dot. Le bien qu'une fille\n apporte en mariage." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922734", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T17:09:22.734Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T17:09:22.734Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "5", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "John Westbrook" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922734#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?note_annotation_20231017130922734#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[11]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Noces d'argent, d'or, de diamant. Le 25e, le\n 50e, le 60e anniversaire d'un mariage." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": 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}, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?place_annotation_20240104162831385", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2024-01-04T21:28:31.385Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "1", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "admin" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:identifying", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?place_annotation_20240104162831385#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.4.0" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch126.xml?place_annotation_20240104162831385#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div[3]/div[3]/div[2]/p[3]/placeName" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "cwrc:RealPlace", "@id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "dc:format": "text/plain" }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.4.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch126"> <pb type="page" n="441" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_441.jpg"/> <head>126. — Un mariage. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>« <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName>, 1er septembre.</p> <p>« Mon cher frère,</p> <p>« Préparez votre habit de noce : votre neveu <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> se marie. Il s'est choisi, avec mon agrément, sa compagne d'existence.</p> <p>« Vous rappelez-vous, mon frère, nos lectures de <title key="Telemachus" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q192482">Télémaque</title>*<note type="annotation"><persName type="fictif">Télémaque</persName>. Livre de <persName type="historique">Fénelon</persName> qui traite des aventures de <persName type="fictif">Télémaque</persName>.</note> autrefois, et mon admiration de jeune fille pour sa fiancée, dont le portrait commence par ces mots : « <persName type="fictif">Antiope</persName> est douce, simple et sage » ?</p> <p>« La fiancée de <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> ne s'appelle pas <persName type="fictif">Antiope</persName> ; elle se nomme <persName type="fictif" key="madeleine">Madeleine</persName> ; mais à part cela, c'est <persName type="fictif">Antiope</persName>, douce, simple et sage.</p> <p>« Elle n'apporte pas de dot*<note type="annotation">Dot. Le bien qu'une fille apporte en mariage.</note> à un bon travailleur qui peut s'en passer ; elle a mieux que quelques écus : une profession. Elle est institutrice adjointe dans une école maternelle de <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName>.</p> <p>« <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> a voulu que je la visse au milieu de sa classe de cinquante bébés de trois à cinq ans.</p> <p>« Rien ne pouvait me la rendre plus chère. Ah ! comme elle sait faire manœuvrer, chanter, travailler ce <fw type="footer"><fw type="sig">25.</fw></fw> <pb type="page" n="422" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_442.jpg"/> <fw>422 SUZETTE.</fw> petit peuple, l'instruisant, l'amusant d'une façon si attentive, si sérieuse et si gaie à la fois ! Je me disais. Quelle excellente, intelligente et dévouée maman elle fait déjà ! Elle est fille de veuve et soutient sa mère, de faible santé.</p> <p>« <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> et moi, nous vous demandons, mon frère, d'être témoin au mariage. Dans ma vie, je n'ai pas trop souvent regretté de n'être pas millionnaire ; mais voilà pourtant une belle occasion de regret ! J'aurais tant voulu vous avoir tous, mon cher <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">Denis</persName>, réunir nos deux familles ! la petitesse de notre bourse nous retient des deux côtés.</p> <p>« Voici toutefois comment, s'il vous plait, les choses pourraient s'arranger : </p> <p>« Vous viendriez seul au mariage, — il se fera le 23 septembre ; — nous réserverions aux cousins et à la cousine, qui ont du temps devant eux, les noces d'argent*<note type="annotation">Noces d'argent, d'or, de diamant. Le 25e, le 50e, le 60e anniversaire d'un mariage.</note>, d'or, de diamant qui suivront en leur temps, je l'espère. Mais il est bon que <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> et notre mariée n'attendent ni soixante ans, ni cinquante, ni même vingt-cinq pour se connaître, s'aimer comme deux bonnes cousines qu'elles vont être. Donc <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> et <persName type="fictif" key="madeleine">Madeleine</persName> iraient en voyage de noce à <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName> vous voir tous, et voir aussi le cher village, la terre paternelle. Qu'en dites-vous ?</p> <p>« <persName type="fictif" key="pascal">Pascal</persName>, qui n'est pas encore reparti pour l'exploration de l'Afrique, me charge de vous dire qu'il n'y manquera pas, dès que je le lui permettrai.</p> <p>« En tout cas il n’entend pas se marier avant d'avoir fait une visite à <placeName key="Sultanate of Zanzibar" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q157904">Zanzibar</placeName>, au <placeName key="Sahara" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q6583">Sahara</placeName> et au <placeName key="Congo basin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q932289">Congo</placeName>. Il travaille bien ; surtout il lit.</p> <p>« Nous vous envoyons à tous nos tendresses ; nous embrassons de cœur chacun de vous.</p> <p>« Veuve <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">RICHARD</persName>. »</p> <p><persName type="fictif">Suzette</persName> était ravie :</p> <p>— Oh ! c'est là un bon mariage ! Et vous verrez <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName>, papa !</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> se grattait l'oreille. Il souriait, après la <pb type="page" n="443" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_443.jpg"/> <fw>UN MARIAGE. 443</fw> lecture, comme avant. L'idée d'un voyage à <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> ne lui déplaisait pas du tout.</p> <p>Mais peu à peu son visage devint sérieux :</p> <p>— Non, non, vraiment, je ne puis partir, abandonner la ferme à <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>.</p> <p>— Je suis là, papa ; <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> m'écoutera un peu ; puis <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> sera alors en vacances ; et il a déjà la main solide et de la bonne volonté.</p> <p>Elle lui représenta que le 23 septembre tombait juste entre la moisson finie et l'arrachage des betteraves non commencé, et que, si le fermier pouvait jamais prendre des vacances, c'en était bien l'heure.</p> <p>Elle le poussa si bien que le voyage fut décidé. </p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Qu'écrivait <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">Mme Richard</persName> à son frère ? </item> <item>— A qui comparait-elle la fiancée de son fils ? </item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que la jeune fille lui apportait en dot ? </item> <item>— Quels étaient sa fonction, son nom ? </item> <item>— Où <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">Mme Richard</persName> était-elle allée la voir ? </item> <item>— Que pensait <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">Mme Richard</persName> en quittant l'école maternelle ? </item> <item>— Que demandait-elle à son frère ? </item> <item>— Comment proposa-t-elle d'arranger les choses ? </item> <item>— Qu'annonça-t-elle à propos de <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Quelle commission lui avait donnée <persName type="fictif" key="pascal">Pascal</persName> ? </item> <item>— Que pensait <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> d'un voyage à <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qui le faisait hésiter à quitter la ferme ? </item> <item>— Que lui dit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> pour le décider à assister au mariage de <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="morale"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Quand peut-on dire qu'une jeune fille est douce ? Donner des exemples.</item> <item>— En quoi consiste la simplicité dans les paroles, dans les manières, dans les vêtements, dans les goûts ? </item> <item>— A quoi reconnait-on qu'une jeune fille est sage ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une jeune fille est douce lorsqu'elle traite avec bonté ses compagnes, surtout les plus petites et les plus faibles ; elle ne méprise pas les personnes qui sont au service de ses parents ; elle répond avec soumission à sa mère et d'un ton gracieux ; elle ne parle ni d'une façon brusque ni avec la nonchalance des gens indifférents ; elle reprend avec mesure, conteste sans opiniâtreté, refuse sans sécheresse, reçoit avec empressement les excuses et ne garde de ressentiment contre qui que ce soit.</p> <p>La douceur n'exclut pas la fermeté ; c'est pour cette raison que la plupart des personnes molles, craintives, indiffèrentes, ne sauraient être taxées de douceur. On peut être douce et vive à la fois. </p> <p>La <term>simplicité</term> n'est point un mérite vulgaire ; il faut avoir beaucoup de mérite pour être simple ; on dit avec raison que, dans le caractère. dans les manières, la suprême excellence est la simplicité. Une jeune fille simple ne se préoccupe pas d'attirer les regards, car, pour se montrer avec tous ses avantages, il n'y faut point penser ; elle ne cherche pas les petits succès et elle s'impose une sévère attention sur les motifs qui la font parler et agir. Elle est éloignée de toute recherche dans sa parole et dans ses vêtements ; elle se garde de copier la toilette des personnes qui lui sont supérieures en fortune, et encore moins de celles qui affectent une mise extraordinaire ; elle devine ce qui est de bon goût ; elle comprend où se trouve le ridicule. Son langage est correct, clair, naturel ; elle évite les tournures prétentieuses, les mots qu'une <pb type="page" n="444" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_444.jpg"/> <fw>444 SUZETTE.</fw> mode bizarre met en circulation, les liaisons multipliées et l'emploi de formes de conjugaison que l'usage n'admet plus.</p> <p>On reconnaît qu'une jeune fille est sage lorsque sa conduite est conforme à la morale et aux conseils de ceux qui ont autorité sur elle ; elle fait le bien au lien de le prêcher.</p> <p>Elle obéit aux lois et coutumes de son pays ; elle pratique les habitudes admises dans la bonne société ; ferme et résolue dans ses actions, elle ne se laisse entraîner au mal ni par l'appât des louanges, de l'argent, ou des honneurs, mettant une bonne réputation au-dessus de tout. Prudente dans ses discours, retenue dans ses pensées, elle montre une juste défiance d'elle-même en s'éloignant des occasions de commettre des fautes ; elle a peu d'amies, et seule sa mère possède toute sa confiance ; elle ne recherche pas le plaisir, et ne trouve rien de plus doux que les occupations de l'école ou du ménage. Elle se détermine pour une action, pour une opinion, sans consulter autre chose que sa conscience et sans s'inquiéter du choix des autres ; elle cultive sa raison et cherche la vérité en toute chose.</p> </div> </div> <div type="instruction_civique"> <head type="sujets">Instruction civique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'une dot ; — un trousseau de mariage ? </item> <item>— Quelle est ta plus précieuse richesse qu'une jeune fille puisse apporter dans son futur ménage ? </item> <item>— Prouvez-le par des exemples.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'un contrat de mariage ; — les témoins du mariage ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une <term>dot</term> est le bien qu'une jeune fille apporte en mariage ; elle reste la propriété de la femme, quoique le mari en partage la jouissance et en ait le plus souvent l'administration.</p> <p>Un <term>trousseau</term> est l'ensemble des habits et du linge qu'on donne à une jeune fille lorsqu’on la marie ; si elle est laborieuse, c'est elle-même qui doit le préparer en grande partie.</p> <p>La plus précieuse richesse qu'une jeune fille puisse apporter dans son futur ménage, c'est non l'argent, les terres et un trousseau considérable, mais, avec une conduite irréprochable, de l'instruction, des habitudes de simplicité, d'ordre et de travail. Ainsi l'aisance régnera dans son intérieur à côté du bonheur domestique. Autrement, la discorde y entrera ; le gaspillage des ressources du ménage, la prodigalité, l'habitude de dépenser sans compter, les goûts de toilette, amèneront une prompte ruine. Des exemples trop nombreux le démontrent chaque jour, et devraient inspirer des idées sérieuses aux jeunes personnes pour qui les choses de toilette et les satisfactions de la vanité paraissent être le principal objet de la vie.</p> <p>Le <term>contrat de mariage</term> sert à déterminer les conditions pécuniaires du futur mariage, suivant que les époux vivront sous le régime de la communauté, sous le régime dotal ou sous le régime de la séparation de biens. Le contrat de mariage doit être rédigé, avant le mariage, pardevant un notaire.</p> <p>Les <term>témoins</term> sont les personnes qui assistent le père et la mère de chacun des futurs époux dans la célébration de l'acte du mariage. Ils signent sur les registres où les actes auxquels donne lieu cette cérémonie sont inscrits tant à la mairie qu'à l'église.</p> </div> </div> <div type="industrie"> <head type="sujets">Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce que le <objectName>sucre</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Quelles <objectName>plantes</objectName> en contiennent ? </item> <item>— Indiquez les principales opérations de la fabrication du <objectName>sucre de betteraves</objectName>. </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le <term><objectName>sucre</objectName></term> est le produit de la cristallisation de la partie solide d'un <objectName>suc</objectName> très doux qu'on extrait de certaines <objectName>plantes</objectName>, telles que la <objectName>canne à sucre</objectName>, la <objectName>betterave</objectName>, les <objectName>melons</objectName>, les <objectName>figues</objectName>, les <objectName>raisins</objectName>, les <objectName>poires</objectName>, les <objectName>fraises</objectName>. Le <objectName>miel</objectName> on est presque entièrement formé.</p> <p>La <term><objectName>canne à sucre</objectName></term>, grand <objectName>roseau</objectName> qui croît dans les régions tropicales, <pb type="page" n="445" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_445.jpg"/> <fw>VINGT SOUS ! 445 </fw> est remplie à l'intérieur d'une <objectName>mœlle</objectName> juteuse et sucrée. On on exprime le <objectName>suc</objectName> en écrasant les <objectName>rose<objectName/>aux</objectName> entre deux <objectName>cylindres</objectName> ; après qu'on l'a chauffé et qu'il a subi diverses opérations, on en obtient le <objectName>sucre</objectName> sous la forme de <objectName>cassonade</objectName> ; puis on le raffine et on le vend en <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="sucre" xml:space="default">pains</objectName> coniques très blancs.</p> <p>La <term><objectName>betterave</objectName></term> donne la plus forte partie du <objectName>sucre</objectName> consommé en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, et l'on préfère pour cet objet l'<objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="betterave" xml:space="default">espèce à chair blanche</objectName>. Après le lavage des <objectName>racines</objectName>, on les réduit en <objectName>pulpe</objectName>. Cette <objectName>pulpe</objectName>, introduite dans des <objectName>sacs de laine</objectName>, est soumise à une forte pression, et le <objectName>jus</objectName> qui s'en écoule est recueilli dans des <objectName>auges</objectName> ou <objectName>cuves</objectName>. On le chauffe jusqu'à consistance de <objectName>sirop</objectName>, et au cours de cette opération, on y jette un peu de <objectName>chaux</objectName> pour le clarifier. On l'amène ensuite dans des <objectName>vases</objectName> appelés <term><objectName>turbines</objectName></term> qui tournent avec une rapidité extrême et dans lesquels la <objectName>cassonade</objectName> se sépare de la partie visqueuse et non cristallisable appelée <objectName>mélasse</objectName>.</p> <p>Il ne reste plus qu'à épurer la <objectName>cassonade</objectName> et à mettre en <objectName>moules</objectName> le produit obtenu.</p> </div> </div> <div type="économie_domestique"> <head type="sujets">Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Prix du demi-kilogramme de <objectName>sucre</objectName>.</item> <item>— Usages du <objectName>sucre</objectName> à la maison.</item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par <objectName>plats sucrés</objectName> ? Citez-en.</item> <item>— Comment prépare-t-on une <objectName>crème au café</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Faut-il donner à manger du <objectName>sucre</objectName> aux enfants, et pourquoi ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le demi-kilogramme de <objectName>sucre</objectName> coûte...</p> <p>Dans le ménage, le <objectName>sucre</objectName> sert à préparer plusieurs <objectName>boissons</objectName> et <objectName>tisanes</objectName>, à faire des <objectName>sirops</objectName>, des <objectName>confitures</objectName>, à assaisonner le <objectName>café</objectName>, le <objectName>thé</objectName>, le <objectName>chocolat</objectName>, diverses <objectName>pâtisseries</objectName>, des <objectName>fruits cuits</objectName>, et à confectionner nombre de <objectName>plats</objectName>.</p> <p>On entend par <term><objectName>plats sucrés</objectName></term> certains <objectName>mets</objectName> où le <objectName>sucre</objectName> forme le principal et parfois l'unique <objectName>assaisonnement</objectName> ; tels sont : les <term><objectName>beignets</objectName></term>, les <term><objectName>charlottes de pommes</objectName></term>, les <term><objectName>croquettes de riz</objectName></term>, les <term><objectName>crèmes renversées</objectName></term>, les <term><objectName>pommes au beurre</objectName></term>, les <term><objectName>pots de crème</objectName></term>, les <term><objectName>soufflés de fécule</objectName></term>, etc.</p> <p><objectName>CRÉME AU CAFÉ</objectName>. — Pour préparer une <objectName>crème au café</objectName>, faites bouillir un litre de bon <objectName>lait</objectName> auquel vous ajouterez environ une demi-tasse de <objectName>café noir</objectName> très fort et 200 grammes de <objectName>sucre cassé</objectName> ; retirez du feu après cinq minutes d'ébullition. Cassez à part six <objectName>jaunes d'œufs</objectName> dont un ou deux entiers, battez-les ; mêlez-les avec le <objectName>lait</objectName>, passez au <objectName>tamis</objectName>, versez dans le <objectName>plat</objectName> ou dans de petits <objectName>pots</objectName>, et faites prendre au <objectName>bain-marie</objectName> avec <objectName>couvercle de feu</objectName> dessus.</p> <p>Il faut donner le moins possible de <objectName>sucre</objectName> à manger aux enfants, car il attaque la matière des dents et les fait noircir ou tomber.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
125. — L'étoffe d'un honnête homme. 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ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch125"> <pb type="page" n="437" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_437.jpg"/> <head>125. — L'étoffe d'un honnête homme. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>Le sourcil de <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> ne dérida pas de longtemps devant M. <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>. Et c'est, sans doute, à cela que herses, rouleaux, brabants* <note type="annotation">Brabant. Charrue à double sec.</note> et autres instruments aratoires de la ferme durent de ne pas être « améliorés ».</p> <p>Mais si la crainte peut opérer de ces <figure> <caption>Le rouleau sert en agriculture tantôt à briser les mottes, tantôt à tasser la terre.</caption> </figure> prodiges, elle n'a jamais produit encore un bon ouvrier. <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> retourna aux champs, pour y faire seulement de l'à peu près, pauvre besogne.</p> <p>— Pourtant il n'est ni fainéant ni sot, disait <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> au père, qui se plaignait du garnement.</p> <p>— Bon, il n'est pas ! parbleu ! il n'est pas !... Mais <pb type="page" n="438" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_438.jpg"/> est-ce de ce qu'il n'est pas, ou de ce qu'il est, que l'étoffe d'un honnête homme est faite ? Je ne saurais me contenter que mon fils ne soit pas un voleur, un méchant ; il faut encore qu'il se montre laborieux, vertueux, bon, comme l'est <persName type="fictif" key="jacques">Jacques</persName>, et comme le sera, j'espère, aussi <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName>. <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> ferait-il le premier propre à rien parmi <orgName>les Dumay</orgName> ? Pour notre honneur, pour notre fierté de famille, je ne veux pas cela !</p> <p>— Papa, <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> est si jeune...</p> <p>— Oui, il l'était aussi quand il tua l'hirondelle et brûla la maison. Je pardonnai.... Aujourd'hui, il flâne à l'ouvrage.</p> <p>C'est peut-être qu'il est fait pour autre chose que pour cet ouvrage-là...</p> <p>— Oui, il est fait, n'est-ce pas, pour éteindre les chandelles ! Il est fait pour frayer avec le <persName type="fictif" key="vincent">Vincent</persName> à <persName type="fictif" key="ludivine">Ludivine</persName>, un mauvais gars qui fume et déjà connaît le chemin du cabaret !</p> <p>— Papa, je vous assure que <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> ne sait pas ce chemin ! </p> <p>— Je le crois, mais ne l'apprendra-t-il pas bientôt ?</p> <p>A ce moment le facteur entra, remit une lettre.</p> <p>—De <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> ! de ma tante ! dit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> après un coup d'œil à l'enveloppe.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> tira ses lunettes, tourna, retourna la lettre : </p> <p>— Bonne ou mauvaise nouvelle ?</p> <p>Il décacheta ; et après avoir parcouru des yeux le papier, il le remit à sa fille, avec un sourire :</p> <p>— Tiens, lis-moi cela.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> lut :</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Comment se montra <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> à l'égard de <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> ? </item> <item>— Quel bien résulta de cette sévérité ? </item> <item> — Pourquoi <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> ne faisait-il point de bonne besogne aux champs?</item> <item>— Que répondait, à ce sujet, <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> à son père ? </item> <item>— Quelles remarques amères faisait <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> ? </item> <item>— Qu'objectait <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Que rappelait le père ? </item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qui le contrariait dans les frequentations et les habitudes de son fils cadet ?</item> <item>— Qu'apporta le facteur ? </item> <item>— Que dit <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> sur l'objet de la lettre ? </item> <item>— Que fit-il apres l'avoir parcourue ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="morale"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— LA VOCATION. </item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par avoir de la vocation pour telle ou telle profession ? </item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qui doit nous guider <pb type="page" n="439" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_439.jpg"/> dans le choix d'une profession ?</item> <item>— Qui la jeune fille doit-elle consulter à cet égard, et pourquoi ? </item> <item>— Quelle profession vous plait le mieux, et pourquoi ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Avoir de la <term>vocation</term> pour telle ou telle profession, c'est montrer une disposition naturelle à l'exercer ; par exemple, l'enfant qui aime à instruire ses condisciples plus jeunes, a la vocation de l'enseignement ; celle qui s'exerce à coudre et à tailler des vêtements pour sa poupée, a la vocation de la couture ; un petit garçon batailleur, courageux, celle de soldat.</p> <p>Ce qui doit nous guider dans le choix d'un état, c'est la vocation que nous avons, et il importe que chacun ait toute licence et toute facilité de la reconnaître et de la suivre. A cette condition seulement le travail sera fécond et agréable ; l'homme qui a choisi sans discernement la profession qu'il exerce, ne trouve que des difficultés dans sa tâche quotidienne.</p> <p>Il ne faut pas confondre avec la vocation le désir qu'on éprouve d'embrasser telle ou telle profession parce qu'elle nous met souvent en évidence et procure quelques satisfactions d'amour-propre ; bientôt on n'y trouverait plus que des déceptions. Une jeune fille a le devoir de consulter son père et sa mère au moment de se prononcer, et elle ne prendra une décision qu'après avoir longuement médité leurs conseils. Elle s'adressera également à Mme l'institutrice, dont l'expérience et l'affection désintéressée doivent lui inspirer toute confiance.</p> <p>La profession qui me plaît le plus, est celle de. parce que... (ici, énumérer les avantages et atténuer les inconvénients).</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="industrie" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujind_125"> <head type="sujets">Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— De quoi a-t-on besoin lorsqu'on veut écrire une lettre ? </item> <item>— Exposez comment on fabrique le papier ;</item> <item>— l'encre noire — les crayons ; </item> <item>— les plumes métalliques. </item> <item>— D'où provient la gomme ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Pour écrire une lettre, bien des choses sont nécessaires : papier, encre, plumes, et parfois un crayon pour en faire le brouillon, sans compter la gomme qui sert à effacer les mots ou lettres à supprimer et remplacer. Il n'est pas sans intérêt de savoir comment sont fabriqués et d'où proviennent ces divers objets.</p> <p>PAPIER. — Rappelons qu'autrefois les anciens écrivaient leur histoire sur des pierres ou des briques ; plus tard, ils se servirent de tablettes enduites de cire, sur lesquelles on traçait les caractères au moyen d'un poinçon ; puis de <term>papyrus</term>, tissu formé des lames minces et longues d'une sorte de roseau qui croît en <placeName key="Egypt" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q79">Egypte</placeName> ; enfin de <term>parchemin</term>, qui n'est autre chose que de la peau de chèvre ou de mouton préalablement décharnée et polie à la pierre ponce.</p> <p>Le <term>papier</term>, découvert, dit-on, par les Chinois, qui en firent connaître l'usage aux Arabes vers le neuvième siècle, ne fut d'usage général en <placeName key="Europe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46">Europe</placeName> qu'au treizième siècle, et les premières papeteries françaises datent seulement de 1340.</p> <p>On fabrique le papier avec de vieux chiffons triés par des ouvrières ; on enlève les coutures et les ourlets, puis un battage énergique suivi d'un lessivage les débarrasse des poussières ; après quoi on opère le blanchiment de ceux qui sont teints.</p> <p>Les chiffons sont réduits en pâte dans un grand bac au moyen d'un cylindre armé de lames d'acier, qui tourne sur lui-même avec rapidité ; un courant d'eau chaude circulant dans l'appareil amène la pâte sur un plan incliné, où on la recueille. A l'aide d'une dissolution (1) de <note cert="high" evaluate="all" place="top" type="footer" xml:space="default">(1) Dissolution, séparation des parties d'un corps par le moyen de son séjour dans un liquide. L'eau sucrée est une dissolution de sucre.</note> <pb type="page" n="440" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_440.jpg"/> chlorure de chaux, on décolore la pâte, puis on la verse dans un autre bac rempli d'eau colorée si le papier doit être teinté ; enfin, on l'encolle afin que l'encre ne pénêtre pas dans l'intérieur du tissu des feuillets et ne s'étende pas à leur surface.</p> <p>On transforme on papier la pâte ainsi préparée, soit à la main, soit à la mécanique.</p> <p>Dans le premier cas, l'ouvrier étend sur la toile métallique d'un châssis le contenu d'une poche de pâte ; un autre cadre, qui s'applique sur la premier, détermine l'épaisseur de la feuille. On laisse égoutter, puis on renverse le châssis sur un feutre mince. Les feuilles, en cet état, sont entassées les unes sur les autres et soumises à l'action de la presse ; on les transporte ensuite au séchoir ; on met en presse une seconde fois et l'on obtient alors le papier de vente.</p> <p>Le papier à la mécanique se fabrique en amenant la pâte sur une toile sans fin où elle se débarrasse de son excès d'eau par le moyen d'un ventilateur ; elle passe en second lieu sur des cylindres de feutre, et enfin entre des laminoirs de cuivre chauffés ; après quoi la feuille ainsi obtenue s'enroule sur un dévidoir. Des ouvriers la coupent ensuite et la plient selon le format qu'on entend donner au papier.</p> <p>Les papiers communs se fabriquent avec des déchets de cordes, de la paille, du bois, de l'alfa, etc.</p> <p>L'<term>encre noire</term> se fabrique avec les matières suivantes dans les proportions que nous allons indiquer : noix de galle concassée, 1 kilogramme ; sulfate de fer ou couperose verte, 500 grammes ; gomme arabique, 500 grammes ; eau, 15 litres. On fait une forte décoction de noix de galle dans 13 à 14 litres d'eau ; on passe à travers une toile ; on ajoute à cet extrait de la gomme, puis de la couperose qu'on a fait dissoudre séparément dans l'eau qui reste ; on agite le mélange de temps en temps, et on l'abandonne au contact de l'air jusqu'à ce qu'il ait acquis une belle teinte d'un noir bleuâtre. On laisse alors reposer ; on tire à clair, et l'on verse l'encre dans des bouteilles qu'on bouche avec soin.</p> <p>PLUMES. — Autrefois, l'on écrivait avec des plumes tirées de l'aile des oies et qu'on taillait soi-même au moyen d'un canif. Depuis le commencement de ce siècle, on se sert de plumes métalliques inventées par un Danois ; la première fabrique établie à <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> date de 1807.</p> <p>Le métal employé est d'excellent acier réduit en lames minces et souples qu'on divise en rubans et où l'on découpe les plumes au moyen d'un outil appelé découpoir. D'autres instruments prennent ces plumes informes, y pratiquent des trous, y figurent des dessins, y pratiquent les fentes, en arrondissent les pointes et en adoucissent les arêtes. On donne le dernier poli avec de l'émeri et l'on achève en trempant l'acier.</p> <p>CRAYONS. — Les crayons se composent d'une substance minérale appelée graphite, formée de charbon très pur. On la taille en petits bâtonnets qu'on enchàsse et encolle dans des fourreaux cylindriques de cèdre ou d'un autre bois tendre.</p> <p>GOMME. — La gomme élastique employée pour effacer les traces du crayon sur le papier, est le suc d'un arbre appele hévé, originaire des régions tropicales de l'<placeName key="Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15">Afrique</placeName> et de l'<placeName key="Americas" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q828">Amérique</placeName>. L'ingénieur <persName key="Charles Marie de La Condamine" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q26681">La Condamine</persName> apporta pour la première fois en <placeName key="Europe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46">Europe</placeName>, vers 1736, ce produit dont il avait pressenti le parti que pouvait en tirer l'industrie ; un Français, M. <persName type="historique">Mérigot</persName>, trouva l'arbre sur les terres baignées par l', en 1740, dans la <placeName key="French Guiana" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3769">Guyane</placeName>, et un colon nommé <persName key="François Fresneau de La Gataudière" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q934295">Fresneau</persName> le cultiva le premier dans ses plantations.</p> </div> </div> <div type="sciences_naturelles"> <head type="sujets">Agriculture.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'une herse </item> <item>— un rouleau ? </item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que herser et rouler un champ ? </item> <item>— Quel est l'objet de chacune de <pb type="page" n="441" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_441.jpg"/> ces opérations ? </item> <item>— A quel moment de l'année sont-elles pratiquées ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term>herse</term> est un instrument composé d'un cadre de bois ou de fer, armé de pointes également en fer, qu'on emploie pour ameublir le sol, détruire les mauvaises herbes et enterrer les petites graines. On herse après les labourages et les semailles de printemps et d'automne.</p> <p>Le <term>rouleau</term> est un énorme cylindre de fer ou de bois traversé par un essieu. Deux courroies le rattachent directement au cheval qui traîne l'appareil, ou même à un léger avant-train. Le rouleau tasse le sol après les gelées qui ont déchaussé les céréales ; il sert oncore à écraser les mottes de terre au printemps.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>(POUR LES ENFANTS DES VILLES : Comment opère-t-on le nettoyage des rues ?</item> <item>— Qu'arriverait-il si on le négligeait ? </item> <item>— Quels instruments et quels ouvriers sont employés pour ce travail ?)</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le nettoyage des rues dans les villes est confié à des cantonniers et à des balayeurs qui réunissent les immondices en tas après avoir lavé la partie de la chaussée la plus voisine du trottoir. Des voituriers emmènent ces matières que les cultivateurs et les jardiniers utilisent comme engrais. Des voitures portant à l'arrière de gros cylindres munis de crin, comme les brosses, balayent les grandes voies de communication plus rapidement et mieux que les manouvriers précédemment chargés de ce soin. Si l'on négligeait le nettoyage des rues et l'enlèvement des détritus jetés sur la voie publique, la circulation deviendrait difficile et la décomposition des matières dégagerait des odeurs pestilentielles dangereuses pour la santé publique.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
116. — Joli succès. 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"schema:softwareVersion": "3.4.0" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch116"> <pb type="page" n="408" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_408.jpg"/> <head> 116. — Joli succès. </head> <div type="récit"> <p> Ce que les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="abeille" xml:space="default">abeilles</objectName> ne savent pas et que savait <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>, c'est qu'une <objectName>ruche</objectName> dont on réussit à doubler la population d'<objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="abeille" xml:space="default">ouvrières</objectName> rapporte à elle seule autant de <objectName>miel</objectName> que trois ruches à l'état ordinaire. Car il y a ainsi augmentation de travail, partant de produit, sans aggravation* <note type="annotation">Aggravation. Augmentation.</note> de charges, la quantité de couvain à nourrir restant la même. Et tripler la population d'<objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="abeille" xml:space="default">ouvrières</objectName>, c'est quintupler* <note type="annotation">Quintupler. Rendre cinq fois plus grand.</note> la production du miel. </p> <p> Telle est la méthode <hi rend="italic">intensive</hi> qui, scientifiquement appliquée à toutes les productions, fournirait, en <placeName>France</placeName>, l'aisance à une population au moins décuple de la nôtre. </p> <p> <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> soumit a l'expérience du doublement des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="abeille" xml:space="default">abeilles ouvrières</objectName> deux de ses <objectName>ruches</objectName>. Et ces deux donnèrent, à elles seules, autant qu'eussent produit les six, laissées à elles-mêmes : douze kilogrammes chacune, au lieu de trois ou quatre. </p> <p> Tout compte fait, le <objectName>rucher</objectName>, dès cette première année d'essai, procura soixante-dix francs. Il en promettait le double pour l'année prochaine, par les <objectName>essaims</objectName> issus des premiers. </p> <p> C'était une ressource toute nouvelle dont la création avait été plutôt un passe-temps qu'un travail ; ce qui faisait dire plaisamment à la jeune <roleName>fermière</roleName> qu'elle avait gagné cet argent à regarder voler les mouches. </p> <p> Il est vrai, qu'avec ce spectacle, elle s'était donné également le plaisir de promenades à <placeName key="Saint-Quentin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q182744">Saint-Quentin</placeName>, le samedi. Elle avait porté son <objectName>miel</objectName> d'or aux belles dames de la ville, en compagnie des autres <objectName>friandises</objectName> auxquelles elles s'étaient si bien faites dès le premier jour.</p> <pb type="page" n="409" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_409.jpg"/> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head> Questionnaire. </head> <list> <item>— Que connaissait <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> des avantages qu'il y a à augmenter la population des <objectName>ruches</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Quel serait pour la <placeName>France</placeName> le profit de cette méthode ?</item> <item>— Quel béné<cb/>fice tira <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> de l'application de la méthode intensive ?</item> <item>— Que disait-elle de cette nouvelle ressource ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi était-elle allée plus souvent à <placeName>Saint-Quentin</placeName> ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head> DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES. </head> <div type="sciences_naturelles"> <head type="sujets"> Sciences naturelles. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>—LE <objectName>MIEL</objectName>.</item> <item>— Expliquer ce qu'est ce produit.</item> <item>— Comment doit-on s'y prendre pour le recueillir dans les <objectName>ruches</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Comment est-il extrait des <objectName>rayons</objectName> et mis en vente ?</item> <item>— Quel est le meilleur <objectName>miel</objectName> ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le <term><objectName>miel</objectName></term> est une substance liquide et sucrée que les <objectName>abeilles</objectName> pompent dans les <objectName>fleurs</objectName> ou recueillent sur les <objectName>feuilles</objectName> des <objectName>plantes</objectName>. Elles l'apportent dans leur <objectName>estomac</objectName> et le dégorgent dans des <objectName>cellules</objectName> pour le conserver ; il est destiné à la consommation journalière des habitantes de la <objectName>ruche</objectName>, et doit aussi servir de réserve pour l’époque où les <objectName>plantes</objectName> n'en fourniront plus. </p> <p>La principale récolte du <objectName>miel</objectName> a lieu en mai, en juin ou en juillet, suivant les localités. On opère la taille des <objectName>gâteaux</objectName> dans des conditions plus on moins fortes, selon la quantité du <objectName>miel</objectName> préparé et l'état de la saison. Seulement, les <objectName>abeilles</objectName> ne verraient pas sans colère cette violation de leur domicile et ce vol de leurs <objectName>provisions</objectName> d'hiver. Pour s'emparer des <objectName>gâteaux de miel</objectName> qui remplissent la <objectName>ruche</objectName>, il faut mettre ces <objectName>insectes</objectName> irritables hors d'état de nuire. On y parvient, on les rend paisibles en les enfumant. On envoie pour cela de la <objectName>fumée de chiffons</objectName>, dans l'intérieur de la <objectName>ruche</objectName>, à l'aide d'un <objectName>soufflet</objectName> de forme particulière ; les <objectName>abeilles</objectName> s'agitent, se redressent sur leurs pattes de derrière ; on peut alors faire ce que l'on veut, c'est-à-dire tailler les <objectName>rayons</objectName>, sans qu'elles s'inquiètent ; seulement, il ne faut pas trop faire durer la chose, parce qu'on pourrait asphyxier ces utiles insectes.</p> <p>On extrait le <objectName>miel</objectName> des <objectName>rayons</objectName> en les faisant égoutter au-dessus d'un <objectName>vase</objectName>, et ce <objectName>miel</objectName>, dit <term><objectName>miel vierge</objectName></term>, est le meilleur. Ce qui reste adhérent à la cire s'obtient en faisant fondre les <objectName>gâteaux</objectName> ; le <objectName>miel</objectName> surnage et il est facile de le recueillir. On met cette substance en vente, soit en <objectName>rayons</objectName>, soit renfermé dans des <objectName>pots de verre</objectName>. </p> </div> </div> <div type="sciences_naturelles"> <head type="sujets"> Sciences naturelles. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>LA CIRE.</item> <item>— Indiquer d'où elle provient.</item> <item>— Qu'est-elle dans les rayons ?</item> <item>— Comment est-elle blanchie lorsqu'on l'a moulée en pains ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term>cire</term> est un produit sécrété par l'insecte, et non le simple pollen recueilli dans les fleurs. On aperçoit très bien les petites plaques de cire en soulevant un peu les derniers anneaux du ventre de l'abeille. Cette matière sert à la confection des alvéoles où les insectes de la ruche déposent le miel et les œufs que pond seule la reine. <note type="reference">(<persName type="historique">FIGUIER</persName>, <title>Les insectes</title>.)</note></p> <p>Chaque alvéole constitue un petit godet à six pans, fermé d'un côté, et la masse des alvéoles réunis en double couche constitue les gâteaux.</p> <p>On blanchit la cire en l'exposant à la lumière du soleil et à la fraîcheur des nuits sous forme de copeaux très minces ou en la traitant par certains acides. </p> </div> </div> <div type="industrie"> <head type="sujets"> Industrie. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Indiquer comment on fabrique les bougies et les cierges avec de la cire.</item> <item>— Quelle substance remplace presque toujours la cire, pour la fabrication des bougies, depuis quelques années ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p> On fabrique les bougies au moyen de moules de fer-blanc ou d'étain à la base desquels est adaptée une moitié de tuyau servant d'enton- <pb type="page" n="410" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_410.jpg"/> noir à la matière liquide. Chaque moule est garni en son milieu vertical d'une mèche tressée, fixée en bas par un nœud et en haut par une cheville de bois posée de travers. La cire en fusion, versée dans le tuyau supérieur, remplit les moules où elle se fige et donne les bougies. </p> <p>La fabrication des cierges a lieu de la même manière. </p> <p>On remplace la cire, dans la fabrication des bougies, par du suif qu'on purifie pour le débarrasser de son infecte odeur et de la matière huileuse qu'il renferme ; on se sert, dans cette opération, d'eau de chaux à laquelle on ajoute en second lieu de l'acide sulfurique. Après ce traitement, le suif prend une consistance ferme et il est d'une blancheur parfaite ; on le désigne alors sous le nom de <term>stéarine</term>. Les bougies de l’<term>Etoile</term>, si connues, sont fabriquées avec cette substance.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="économie_domestique" xml:id="sujeco_116"> <head type="sujets"> Économie domestique. </head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Usages du <objectName>miel</objectName> dans la médecine domestique.</item> <item>— Que le <objectName>boisson</objectName> fabrique-t-on avec ce produit ?</item> <item>— Donnez quelques détails sur l'<objectName>hydromel</objectName>.</item> <item>— Prix, à ce moment, soit au <objectName>marché</objectName>, soit chez les <objectName>épiciers</objectName>, du demi-kilogramme de <objectName>miel en rayons</objectName> et de <objectName>miel en pots</objectName>, qualité ordinaire.</item> <item>— Usages de la <objectName>cire</objectName> dans, le ménage.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p> On emploi le <objectName>miel</objectName>, au lieu de <objectName>sucre</objectName>, dans les <objectName>tisanes</objectName> rafraîchissantes à l'<objectName>orge</objectName> et au <objectName>chiendent</objectName>.</p> <p>On fabrique avec le <objectName>miel</objectName> une <objectName>boisson</objectName>, l'<term><objectName>hydromel</objectName></term>, qui était en grande faveur chez nos pères, les Gaulois. A cet effet, on prend huit litres d'<objectName>eau</objectName> et un de bon <objectName>miel</objectName> ; on fait bouillir le tout jusqu'à ce que ce mélange soit réduit de moitié, et l'on y ajoute à la fin un peu d'<objectName>eau-de-vie</objectName>. Le <objectName>liquide</objectName> étant refroidi, on le met en <objectName>bouteilles</objectName>, et il peut être gardé de dix à douze ans. </p> <p>Dans le ménage, la <objectName>cire</objectName> sert à donner du brillant aux <objectName>parquets</objectName> et aux <objectName>meubles</objectName>. On les frotte avec des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="cire" xml:space="default">pains</objectName> de cette substance, et l'on passe la <objectName>brosse</objectName> sur la surface ainsi enduite jusqu'à ce que la <objectName>cire</objectName> soit également étendue ; il ne reste plus qu'à frotter en second lieu avec un <objectName>chiffon</objectName> ou une <objectName>peau</objectName> souple. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
114. — Un cadeau. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"/></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch114"> <pb n="400" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_400.jpg"/> <head type="chapter">114. — Un cadeau. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>Le surlendemain, à la fin du jour, <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, rentré des champs, les pieds dans de bons et spacieux sabots qu'il appelait ses pantoufles, regardait paternellement <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>.</p> <p>En robe claire et tablier à carreaux, elle vaquait au <pb n="401" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_401.jpg"/> ménage, qui, en ces quarante-huit heures, avait repris toute sa gentillesse passée. Elle vint ensuite s'asseoir près de la fenêtre, devant un <objectName>panier</objectName> de belles <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="salade">laitues</objectName>, bien pommées, et d'une fraicheur à vous mettre l'eau à la bouche. Elle commençait l'épluchage, quand le gros loquet de la porte s'ébranla.</p> <figure> <caption><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="salade">Laitue</objectName>. — <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="salade">Romaine</objectName>. — <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">Chicorée</objectName>. Les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> sont des <objectName>plantes</objectName> crues que l'on mange assaisonnées avec de l'<objectName>huile</objectName>, du <objectName>vinaigre</objectName>, du <objectName>poivre</objectName>, du <objectName>sel</objectName> et quelquefois de la <objectName>moutarde</objectName>. Pour en relever le goût, on y ajoute souvent de l'<objectName>ail</objectName>, de la <objectName>ciboule</objectName>, du <objectName>cerfeuil</objectName>, de la <objectName>civette</objectName>, de la <objectName>pimprenelle</objectName>, de l'<objectName>estragon</objectName>, dont la réunion forme ce qu'on appelle de la <objectName>fourniture</objectName>. Chaque saison apporte sa <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> particulière. En épluchant la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName>, ayez bien soin d'examiner s'il n'y reste pas de <objectName>limaçons</objectName> ou d'i<objectName>nsectes</objectName>. Les salades sont en général rafraichissantes.</caption> </figure> <p>— Bon ! dit-elle, sans même pencher la tête pour regarder au dehors, voilà nos écoliers ! et probablement avec les dents longues, comme à l'habitude.</p> <p>Mais ce fut <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> qui entra, guêtré de toile bleue, tout embourbé de l'argile des labours, par lesquels il avait pris pour abréger les deux lieues de chemin qui séparaient la ferme de son patron de celle des <persName>Dumay</persName>.</p> <p>— Bonsoir, Monsieur ! bonsoir, Mademoiselle !</p> <p>Sa voix tremblait d'une joie contenue.</p> <p>— Qu'y a-t-il, mon ami ? demanda le père.</p> <p>— J'ai pensé aux <objectName>abeilles</objectName>, répondit-il, je vous apporte une <objectName>ruche</objectName> avec son <objectName>essaim</objectName>. </p> <p>— Avec son <objectName>essaim</objectName> ! s'écria Suzette.</p> <p>— Mon patron me l'a donné ; moi, j'ai fait la <objectName>ruche</objectName>, en <objectName>paille de seigle</objectName> bien tressée, solide et légère. Elle est là dans la cour. Voulez-vous la voir ?</p> <p>On courut à la cour ; on vit la ruche soigneusement enveloppée d'une toile, et on alla aussitôt la mettre en place dans le jardin.</p> <pb n="402" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_402.jpg"/> <p>— Ah ! monsieur <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName>, que je vous remercie ! dit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>. Voilà la seule chose qui pût me faire plaisir ; vous l'avez deviné.</p> <p>Elle lui tendit la main. Il semblait encore plus heureux qu'elle et montrait la vérité du vieux dicton* : « Plus doux est donner que recevoir. » On le retint à souper. Après le <objectName>repas</objectName> d'<objectName>œufs à la coque</objectName> et de fraîches <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName>, on alla en famille faire un bout de conduite à l'ami <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName>.</p> <p>Le garçon, maintenant bien traité, estimé pour son travail, avait perdu sa physionomie un peu dure d'autrefois. A cette heure, sa parole, toute sa personne respiraient la paix d'un cœur adouci.</p> <p>En revenant avec les siens après un quart d'heure de route, <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> dit :</p> <p>— Le voilà hors d'affaire, content de son sort. Je ne suis pas fâché que monsieur mon neveu, l'explorateur, nous ait procuré l'occasion de nous montrer les amis de ce pauvre enfant. Un peu de bonté envers les déshérités, il n'en faut pas plus, souvent, pour faire des heureux et de braves gens.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Comment était <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> le surlendemain et que faisait-il ?</item> <item>— A quoi s'était occupée <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> depuis quarante-huit heures et quel travail la tenait auprès de la fenêtre ?</item> <item>— Que dit-elle quand on frappa à la porte ?</item> <item>— Qui arrivait ?</item> <item>— Comment était <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> ?</item> <item>— Que dit-il à <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, puis à <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ?</item> <item>— Que vit-on dans la cour ? Comment fut-il remercié ?</item> <item>— Que lui offrit-on ?</item> <item>— Quel changement s'était fait en <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> ?</item> <item>— Quelle réflexion fit <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> au sujet de <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Syivain</persName> quand ce dernier fut parti ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="morale"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Quand peut-on dire qu'une jeune fille est bonne ?</item> <item>— Exemples.</item> <item>— La bonté empêche-t-elle qu'on blâme ce qui est mal ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi celle qui ne s'élève pas contre le mal n'est-elle pas vraiment bonne ?</item> <item>— Pourquoi la mère qui ne reprend pas les défauts de ses enfants n'est-elle pas une bonne mère ?</item> <item>— Comment peut-on être bonne et, en même temps, sévère à l'égard de ce qui est contraire au devoir ?</item> <item>— Exemples.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term>bonté</term>, qui est la plus grande vertu de la femme, consiste à satisfaire et à soulager les besoins des autres avant même qu'ils aient été exprimés ; elle va au secours de la pensée qui n'ose se produire, lit dans les regards baissés, entend le soupir qu'on étouffe, comprend et saisit le désir à peine formé. Elle n'oublie personne, ne manque à rien. Le mot qui va blesser, s'arrête sur les lèvres de la jeune fille vraiment bonne ; elle réprime dans son cœur tout sentiment capable d'affliger autrui. (Sur ces données, les élèves trouveront elles-mêmes des exemples qu'elles emprunteront à la vie de l'école et de la famille.)</p> <pb n="403" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_403.jpg"/> <fw type="header">UN CADEAU. 403</fw> <p>La bonté n'est pas <term>faiblesse</term> ; la bonté n'est ni tendresse ni obligeance banales, ni parti pris de trouver tout bien et d'être indifférent à tout ; la bonté n'est pas non plus indulgence aveugle et sensibilité au service du premier venu. Céder à tous, c'est ne rendre justice à la raison de personne ; aimer et obliger tout le monde, c'est n’aimer, c'est n'obliger personne. Trouver tout bien, c'est couvrir toutes les fautes de la même indulgence ; c'est traiter le mal à l'égal du bien ; c'est n'avoir la notion juste ni de l'un ni de l'autre.</p> <p>Une mère qui ne reprend pas les défauts de ses enfants, les encourage à mal faire et les expose à contracter des habitudes qui, plus tard, seront des vices. Quand la plante est jeune, c'est là, dit-on, qu'il la faut redresser. Une mère peut reprendre ses enfants sans cesser d'être bonne, si elle le fait avec modération et réflexion, avec justice et indulgence, si elle est prompte à saisir l'éclair du repentir et à se servir de cette disposition pour que le châtiment soit accepté et subi avec résignation, comme une réparation nécessaire. Qu'elle ne sourie jamais à une action maligne, à un sentiment égoïste, à un mensonge ingénieux de l'enfant, mais qu'elle témoigne froidement et sur-le-champ le mécontentement qu'elle éprouve : l'enfant, qui la regarde comme sa conscience visible, retombera bien plus rarement dans pareilles fautes.</p> </div> </div> <div type="histoire"> <head type="sujets">Histoire naturelle.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Quelles <objectName>plantes</objectName> sont employées pour préparer les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Décrivez les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> diverses, la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName>, le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName>, le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlit</objectName>.</item> <item>— Ajoutez quelques détails sur la culture des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> et de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Les plantes employées pour les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> sont : la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue</objectName></term>, dont il y a plusieurs variétés telles que la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue frisée</objectName></term> et la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">romaine</objectName></term> ; la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName></term>, le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName></term>, le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlit</objectName></term>, le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">céleri</objectName></term>.</p> <p>La <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue ordinaire</objectName></term> porte des feuilles larges, vertes ou brunes, qui se réunissent en une sorte de boule lorsque la <objectName>plante</objectName> acquiert son complet développement ; la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue romaine</objectName></term> a des <objectName>feuilles</objectName> allongées, raides, et forme des touffes d'où l'on tire souvent la matière de plusieurs <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName>. La <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName></term> est remarquable par ses <objectName>feuilles</objectName> extrêmement découpées que l'on réunit en faisceau, comme celles de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue</objectName>, pour les faire blanchir et les rendre ainsi plus tendres à manger.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName></term> présente des <objectName>tiges</objectName> herbacées de faible consistance qui portent des <objectName>feuilles</objectName> vert foncé, de forme arrondie et de saveur forte. On mange les unes et les autres.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlit</objectName></term> ordinaire croit naturellement dans les <objectName>prairies</objectName> ; c'est une <objectName>plante</objectName> de petite dimension du pied de laquelle sortent des <objectName>feuilles</objectName> très allongées, de saveur amère ; on arrache les pieds au printemps, dans la première période de leur croissance, et on les mange ainsi en <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName>.</p> <p>Les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> et les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorées</objectName> sont semées sur <objectName>couche</objectName> et sous <objectName>châssis</objectName> dès que les froids les plus rigoureux ont pris fin ; on les repique dans des <objectName>plates-bandes</objectName> bien fumées et on peut les récolter dès la fin de mai, ou de juin, s'il s'agit de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName>. Si l'on veut obtenir des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitues</objectName> au mois d'avril, on repique des <objectName>pieds</objectName> pris également sur <objectName>couche</objectName> au mois d'octobre. On a soin de les planter à l'exposition du midi, le long d'un <objectName>mur</objectName>, par exemple.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="économie_domestique" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujeco_114"> <head type="sujets">Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list type="exercices"> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'une <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Comment prépareriez-vous une <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> à la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">laitue</objectName>, à la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chirorée</objectName>, au <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName>, aux <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissentits</objectName> ?</item> <item>— Prix du pied de chacune de ces <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salades</objectName> au dernier marché. (Il n'est pas question du <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName> ni des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlits</objectName> </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade</objectName> est un <objectName>mets</objectName> composé de certaines <objectName>herbes</objectName> ou de certains <objectName>légumes</objectName> assaisonnés avec du <objectName>sel</objectName>, du <objectName>vinaigre</objectName> et de l'<objectName>huile</objectName>, quelquefois avec du <objectName>poivre</objectName> et de la <objectName>moutarde</objectName>.</p> <pb n="404" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_404.jpg"/> <p><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">LAITUE</objectName>. — Enlevez les feuilles vertes extérieures et les plus grosses côtes ; fendez les plus grandes <objectName/><objectName>feuilles</objectName> dans le sens de la longueur et coupez-les en deux ou trois morceaux ; lavez à plusieurs <objectName>eaux</objectName> et égouttez en vous servant d'un <objectName>panier à claire-voie</objectName>, dit vulgairement <objectName>panier à salade</objectName>. Assaisonnez ensuite de <objectName>sel</objectName>, de <objectName>poivre</objectName>, d'<objectName>huile</objectName> et de <objectName>vinaigre</objectName> (ce dernier <objectName>condiment</objectName>, dans la proportion du tiers de l'<objectName>huile</objectName>) ; retournez jusqu'à ce que toutes les <objectName>feuilles</objectName> soient imbibées, enfin présentez aux <roleName>convives</roleName> le <objectName>saladier</objectName>.</p> <p><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default">CHICORÉE</objectName>. — La <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">salade de chicorée</objectName>, celles de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">cresson</objectName> et de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">pissenlits</objectName> se préparent de la même manière, sauf en ce qui concerne les <objectName>feuilles</objectName>. On ajoute à celle de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="salade" xml:space="default">chicorée</objectName> des <objectName>croûtes de pain</objectName> frottées d'<objectName>ail</objectName> qui en relèvent le goût.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
113. — Le retour. 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<div type="récit"> <p>— La voici ! la voici ! crièrent <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> et <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>. Suivis de <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, ils coururent à la porte de la cour, où arrivait la carriole que menait <persName type="fictif" key="jacques">Jacques</persName>, assis auprès de sa sœur.</p> <p>— Bonjour ! bonjour !</p> <p>— Ma fille !</p> <p>— Papa !</p> <p>Légère comme un oiseau, la Parisienne sauta à terre, se jeta dans les bras qu'on lui tendait.</p> <p>— Ah ! la bonne mine !</p> <p>— Et la tante va bien ?</p> <p>— Et l'explorateur ?</p> <p>— Et l'Exposition ?</p> <p>Tout en répondant à droite et à gauche, elle atteignit la porte ouverte de la maison :</p> <p>— Ah !!!... </p> <p>Voilà les bottes, le chaudron, la grosse soupière, le gros chat gris, les épluchures, les escarbilles ! tout cela était de retour, là, à terre, pêle-mêle !</p> <p>Et la poussière s'étalait partout comme en pays conquis. Là-haut, au beau milieu de la maîtresse poutre, une araignée, au bout de son fil, gigotait gaiement de ses huit pattes avec l'air de se moquer des gens et du balai.</p> <pb type="page" n="397" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_397.jpg"/> <fw>LE RETOUR. 397</fw> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> sourit. On a beau se dire : Il va m'en coûter un fameux coup de torchon ! on n'est pas fâchée de constater son utilité en ce monde et l'importance dé la place qu'on tient au foyer.</p> <p>Oui, sans vous, petite ménagère, rien ne va plus ici. Reparaissez, et, par la vertu de votre baguette, tout redeviendra propre et délicat !</p> <figure> <caption>La voici ! la voici !... Ma fille !</caption> </figure> <p>Les bottes, le chaudron n'ont qu'à se bien tenir, hein ? dit en riant doucement <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName>, qui lisait sur le visage de sa fille. Ce sont ces vilains garçons qui ont remis les choses en cet état par leur refus de...</p> <p>—D'empiéter*<note type="annotation">Empiéter. Exercer des droits qu'on n'a pas.</note> sur les droits de notre sœur, dit <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> en riant aussi.</p> <p>A ce moment, on entendit dans la rue des voix joyeuses et le bruit d'une ribambelle de pieds. Les fillettes sortaient de l'école ; c'était l'instant d'aller embrasser <persName type="fictif" key="mme_valon">Mme Valon</persName>.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> y courut, et resta bien trois quarts d'heure avec cette bonne et intelligente amie. Elle lui parla de <fw type="footer">SUZETTE (Maitresse) <fw type="sig"> 23 </fw></fw> <pb type="page" n="398" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_398.jpg"/> <fw>398 SUZETTE.</fw> son beau voyage, en personne qui, selon les recommandations, avait ouvert les yeux et les oreilles. Ses lettres, d'ailleurs, l'avaient déjà prouvé. <persName type="fictif" key="mme_valon">Mme Valon</persName> le lui dit.</p> <p>Retournée à la ferme, elle y trouva un autre salut de bienvenue amicale. <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> était là depuis une minute. Il profitait, dit-il, d'une course au <placeName key="Le Catelet" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q596175">Catelet</placeName> pour faire, en passant, une visite à ses amis et prendre des nouvelles de son camarade l'explorateur.</p> <p>Il tenait une corbeille de paille reliée d'écorce de ronce qui semblait lui embarrasser beaucoup les mains. Enfin il dit assez timidement :</p> <p>—Je me suis amusé à la tresser. Si elle pouvait vous faire plaisir, mademoiselle <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName>, vous y serreriez des œufs, des fruits.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> la regardait.</p> <p>— Elle est très jolie, dit-elle ; je vous remercie. Mais, dites-moi, n'est-ce pas ainsi avec de la paille et de l'écorce qu'on tresse les ruches d'abeilles ?</p> <p>Oui, et je saurais bien tresser aussi des ruches. Elle battit des mains :</p> <p>— Ah ! dit-elle, aux jours de loisir, n'est-ce pas ? vous enseignerez cela à <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName>, qui a les doigts agiles. Savez-vous que je vais avoir des abeilles ?</p> <p>Elle parla de sa visite au Jardin d'acclimatation et de la bonne fâcherie du vieux monsieur. <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> hochait joyeusement la tête, se frottait doucement les mains. Le récit achevé, et le temps pressant, il prit congé en disant qu'il reviendrait bientôt.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Comment <persName type="fictif" key="charlot">Charlot</persName> et <persName type="fictif" key="françois">François</persName> annoncèrent-ils l'arrivée de <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Reproduisez le dialogue entre la jeune fille et son père.</item> <item>— Quel aspect présentait la chambre ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi cela ne faisait-il pas honneur aux frères de <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Que se dit-elle gaiement ? </item> <item>— Que dit <persName type="fictif" key="m_dumay">M. Dumay</persName> en riant ?</item> <item>— Qu'entendit-on en ce moment dans la rue ?</item> <item>— Où alla <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> ? </item> <item>— Que dit-elle à <persName type="fictif" key="mme_valon">Mme Valon</persName> ? </item> <item>— Qui trouva-t-elle à son retour et quel était l'objet du voyage du jeune homme ? </item> <item>— Que tenait-il à la main et comment l'offrit-il ? </item> <item>— Que dit <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> et quel renseignement demandat-elle ? </item> <item>— Qu'ajouta <persName type="fictif" key="sylvain">Sylvain</persName> et que lui répondit-on ? </item> <item>— De quoi parla <persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> à cette occasion ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="morale"> <head type="sujets">Morale.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Quelle différence y a-t-il entre une amie et une camarade ? </item> <item>— Que doit-on rechercher dans la société d'une amie ? </item> <item>— Que faut-il faire pour conserver son estime et son affection ? </item> <item>— Quel avantage résulte d'une amitié qui existe dans ces conditions ?</item> <item>— Est-il possible d'avoir beaucoup d'amies, et pourquoi ?</item> </list> </div> <pb type="page" n="399" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_399.jpg"/> <fw>LE RETOUR. 399</fw> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une <term>amie</term> est une jeune fille avec laquelle on est unie par une affection réciproque fondée sur l'estime et comportant une confiance entière. C'est comme une sœur pour qui nous n'avons pas de secrets, auprès de laquelle nous cherchons un appui dans les circonstances difficiles, une consolation dans les chagrins, et avec qui nous sommes heureuse de partager nos bonheurs. La mort seule peut rompre les liens d'une véritable amitié.</p> <p>Une <term>camarade</term> est une jeune personne qui partage nos travaux parce qu'elle se trouve dans la même situation que nous. Telles sont les écolières, les ouvrières d'un atelier. Entre camarades, on a des égards, des attentions, on se rend volontiers service ; mais il n'existe pas d'intimité proprement dite, c'est-à-dire de liaison etroite. On doit rechercher, dans la société d'une amie, la <term>vertu</term> qui constitue la beauté du sentiment qui nous unit à elle, la <term>sincérité</term>, le <term>dévouement</term> et le <term>bon exemple</term>. Pour conserver l'affection d'une amie véritable, il faut mériter son estime en pratiquant les vertus que nous venons d'indiquer et prouver que nos sentiments sont désintéressés. L'amie par intérêt n'est pas une amie reelle.</p> <p>Une véritable amitié met tout en commun : la fortune, les qualités de l'esprit, les sentiments du cœur ; elle se manifeste par un continuel échange de bons offices ; l'amie devient pour nous comme notre conscience visible ; pour elle, rien de plus naturel que de se dévouer de s'intéresser aux nôtres, de nous ménager d'agréables surprises, d'adoucir nos peines, de soutenir nos espérances.</p> <p>Les qualités que réclame la véritable amitié sont très difficiles à pratiquer : c'est pourquoi les amies sincères se rencontrent si rarement ; nous ne saurions donc trop les apprécier lorsque nous avons le bonheur d'en avoir.</p> </div> </div> <div type="industrie"> <head type="sujets">Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— LA HOUILLE.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que des escarbilles (1) ? </item> <item>— D'où provient la houille ? </item> <item>— Donnez un aperçu de la formation de la houille. </item> <item>— Où se trouvent en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> des dépôts de houille ? </item> <item>— Comment est une mine de houille ? </item> <item>— Montrez combien est pénible le travail des mineurs. </item> <item>— A quels dangers sont-ils exposés ? </item> <item>— Comment prévient-on les explosions de gaz dans les houillères ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term>houille</term> est un combustible minéral qui provient d'immenses tourbières où les végétaux accumulés ont subi d'abord une sorte de fermentation qui n'a laissé que le carbone, et c'est sous la pression des couches de terrain qui ont recouvert ces matériaux, et par l'action de la chaleur terrestre, que la tourbe s'est transformée en une matière bitumineuse laquelle développe, en brûlant, une chaleur considérable. La houille contient 72 à 99 p. 100 de carbone ; elle se divise en <term>houille grasse</term> à longue flamme, et en <term>houille maigre</term> ou <term>anthracite</term> à courte flamme.</p> <p>Les principaux dépôts ou mines de houille de la <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> sont celles du <placeName key="Scheldt basin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2887577">bassin de l'Escaut</placeName>, à <placeName key="Anzin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q544220"><term>Anzin</term></placeName> et vers <placeName key="Valenciennes" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q163795"><term>Valenciennes</term></placeName>, — celles de l'<placeName key="Artois" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q159987">Artois</placeName>, à <placeName key="Lens" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q165271"><term>Lens</term></placeName> et <placeName key="Somain" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q626382"><term>Somain</term></placeName>, — celles du centre au <placeName key="Le Creusot" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q329664"><term>Creusot</term></placeName>, à <placeName key="Blanzy" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1365776"><term>Blanzy</term></placeName>, à <placeName key="Montchanin" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1465484"><term>Montchanin</term></placeName>, — celles du <placeName key="Cher" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q213503">bassin du Cher supérieur</placeName>, à <placeName key="Commentry" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q510013"><term>Commentry</term></placeName>. — d'entre la et le , à <placeName key="Saint-Étienne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q42716"><term>Saint-Etienne</term></placeName> et <placeName key="Rive-de-Gier" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q659298"><term>Rive-de-Gier</term></placeName>. — enfin celles des vallées de l' et du , à <placeName key="Alès" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q193183"><term>Alais</term></placeName>, la <placeName key="La Grand-Combe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q239967"><term>Grand'Combe</term></placeName>, <placeName key="Decazeville" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q591281"><term>Decazeville</term></placeName>. Elles produisent de 120 à 130 millions de tonnes de combustible.</p> <p>Une mine de houille se compose d'un ou de plusieurs <term>puits</term> qui descendent jusqu'aux couches à exploiter, et de <term>galeries</term> en nombre <fw type="footer">(1) On entend par <term>escarbilles</term> des fragments de houille incomplètement brûlés qui se mlent aux cendres d'un poèle ou d'un foyer.</fw> <pb type="page" n="400" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_400.jpg"/> <fw>400 SUZETTE.</fw> considérable. Ce sont de longs, étroits et obscurs corridors creusés dans le charbon, et qu'on remplit de pierres à mesure qu'ils ne servent plus.</p> <p>Quelques-unes de ces galeries sont basses, mal aérées ; le mineur y travaille souvent couché sur le dos et de côté, frappant de sa pioche la couche de combustible, éclairé par une petite lampe fumeuse, et souffrant de l'extrème chaleur que l'on ressent toujours dans les profondeurs du sol. Parfois, il se dégage de la houille un gaz analogue au gaz d'éclairage ; s'il se trouve en contact avec une flamme, il prend feu et une explosion terrible se produit, renversant ou bouleversant la galerie et brûlant les mineurs.</p> <p>On prévient cet affreux danger en munissant les ouvriers de lampes entourées d'une toile métallique qui ne laisse point passer la flamme, parce qu'elle la refroidit au contact des mailles du tissu de fils d'acier.</p> </div> </div> <div type="économie_domestique"> <head type="sujets">Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment peut-on employer la houille dans le ménage ? </item> <item>— Quels avantages présente-t-elle sur le bois et la tourbe ? </item> <item>— Quels en sont les inconvénients ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La houille est employée dans le ménage, soit pour alimenter le feu des cheminées et des poèles, soit pour la cuisson des aliments dans des fourneaux de fonte, communément appelés cuisinières. Elle donne beaucoup plus de chaleur que le bois et surtout que la tourbe ; enfin, elle coûte sensiblement moins cher que le premier de ces combustibles. Toutefois, son usage présente certains inconvénients : elle dégage des vapeurs sulfureuses et bitumineuses malsaines à respirer, et elle salit les appartements, tant la fumée qu'elle produit est noire et épaisse.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>Comment récure-t-on les diverses pièces de la batterie de cuisine et principalement celles de cuivre ?</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Les ustensiles en fer se récurent avec du grès et de l'eau seulement, en frottant avec un chiffon ou avec une petite lame de bois blanc. Ceux de <term>fer-blanc</term> ne pourraient souffrir le récurage au grès ; on doit se contenter de les mettre quelque temps dans de l'eau bouillante additionnée de beaucoup de cendre et de les frotter avec une torche de paille ou un chiffon. On conseille de tremper les objets de fer et de fer-blanc sujets à la rouille dans une eau de chaux vive, un peu épaisse, et de les laisser sécher. On les essuie ensuite et ils sont aussi brillants que s'ils sortaient de la main de l'ouvrier.</p> <p>Les ustensiles <term>en étain</term> se nettoient parfaitement avec du blanc d'Espagne et de l'eau, et on les finit avec un chiffon sec.</p> <p>Pour les casseroles et chaudrons <term>de cuivre</term>, on se sert de grès ou de sablon, mêlé à un demi-quart en volume de farine ; on frotte avec un chiffon en ajoutant de l'eau, ou encore avec la main, ce qui rend l'ouvrage plus parfait. On lave et l'on fait sécher. Les chandeliers et autres ustensiles se nettoient de préférence avec de l'eau de cuivre. On verse un peu de cette eau sur un chiffon de laine et on en frotte le cuivre, dont on a enlevé les matières grasses ; quand il est bien éclairci, on achève au moyen du tripoli sec en frottant avec un chiffon.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
109. — La vacherie. 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Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900404", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.404Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.404Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900404#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900404#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[2]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Ruminer. 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Vivre misérablement." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900410", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.410Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.410Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900410#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900410#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[7]/note[2]" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Falsifié. Qui a été altéré par le\n mélange de substances étrangères." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900411", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.411Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-24T14:19:00.411Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900411#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch109.xml?note_annotation_20231024101900411#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[9]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "De la Saint-Jean. Peu de chose ; quelque\n chose d'inférieur." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": 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ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch109"> <pb type="page" n="382" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_382.jpg"/> <head> 109. — La <objectName>vacherie</objectName>. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>Tout en admirant ces superbes <objectName>volailles</objectName>, la petite caravane se trouva devant la <objectName>vacherie</objectName>. Le bâtiment était en forme de chalet ; le long des murs blancs, deux rangées de <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="vache">vaches</objectName> choisies, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">normandes</objectName>, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">flamandes</objectName>, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bretonnes</objectName>, <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">hollandaises</objectName>, luisantes de santé.</p> <p>Un <objectName>foin</objectName> frais et fleuri remplissait les <objectName>râteliers</objectName>. Elles mangeaient : quelques-unes, tout en ruminant*<note type="annotation">Ruminer. Faire revenir de l'estomac des mets avalés pour les mâcher.</note>, tournaient vers les visiteurs leur tête nonchalante, aux gros yeux pleins de vague songerie.</p> <p>Elles étaient là dans l'<objectName>air</objectName> oxygéné*<note type="annotation">Oxygéné. Qui contient beaucoup d'oxygène.</note> des bois, soignées en princesses et donnaient un lait aussi pur, aussi délicat que pouvait l'être celui de <placeName key="Grand Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8049">Trianon</placeName>*<note type="annotation"><placeName>Trianon</placeName>. Petit château dans l'enceinte du parc de <placeName>Versailles</placeName>.</note> dont la reine <persName type="historique">Marie-Antoinette</persName> et les dames de sa cour, déguisées en fermières, faisaient, de leurs propres mains, leur <objectName>fromage à la crème</objectName> et leur <objectName>beurre</objectName>.</p> <p>Aussi le <objectName>lait</objectName> du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> est-il réservé aux Parisiens qui peuvent le payer un franc le litre. On le leur apporte, ou ils viennent le boire, là, dans des <objectName>tasses</objectName> fines.</p> <p>Parmi les <roleName>buveurs</roleName>, nos amis reconnurent quelques jolis cavaliers de l'éléphant, des chameaux et des poneys.</p> <p>La petite <persName type="fictif">fée Urgande</persName>, descendue de son équipage mené par l'autruche, avait le nez dans sa <objectName>tasse</objectName> ; elle le leva pour respirer ; de ses yeux doux elle regarda la compagnie, et répondit au sourire que <persName key="suzette" type="fictif">Suzette</persName> lui adressait, par un autre, tout blanc de lait.</p> <p>— Ah ! dit la <persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">tante Richard</persName>, si tous les enfants de <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> pouvaient boire à pareil <objectName>bol</objectName> ! Mais que de pauvres <objectName>bébés</objectName>, dans cette grande ville, y végètent*<note type="annotation">Végéter. Vivre misérablement.</note>, y meurent par le <objectName>lait</objectName> inondé d'eau ou falsifié*<note type="annotation">Falsifié. Qui a été altéré par le mélange de substances étrangères.</note> qu'on leur sert ! </p> <p>Une grosse et blonde dame en blanc bonnet, qui venait d'entrer, se mit aussitôt de la conversation : </p> <p>— Madame, dit-elle, c'est dans mon pays, en <placeName key="Belgium" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31">Belgique</placeName>, ou même en <placeName key="Holland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q102911">Hollande</placeName> qu'il faut aller pour boire du <objectName>lait</objectName>, savez-vous ? Là, il y a des <objectName>vacheries</objectName> auprès desquelles celle-ci n'est que de la Saint-Jean*<note type="annotation">De la Saint-Jean. Peu de chose ; quelque chose d'inférieur.</note> , savez-vous ? </p> <pb type="page" n="383" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_383.jpg"/> <p>Et elle fit un tableau flamand de ces <objectName>vacheries</objectName> constamment lavées du haut en bas, des épaisses <objectName>litières</objectName> plus vite nettoyées que salies. Le sol y est en pente, avec une rigole au bas, pour l'écoulement du <objectName>purin</objectName>*<note type="annotation">Purin. Liquide qui s'écoule de la litière ou du fermier.</note> , et <figure> <caption> Il faut les voir, le matin, sur de petites voitures, trainées par de gros chiens. </caption> </figure> <figure> <caption> <objectName>Canards</objectName>, <objectName>oies</objectName> et <objectName>dindons</objectName>. Ces trois <objectName>animaux de basse-cour</objectName> nous sont d'une grande utilité. — La <objectName>chair</objectName> du <objectName>canard domestique</objectName> (1) est de bonne qualité ; on peut la conserver en la salant ou en la faisant mariner. Avec celle des <objectName>canetons</objectName> on confectionne des <objectName>pâtés d'<placeName><placeName key="Amiens" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q41604">Amiens</placeName></placeName></objectName> et les foies servent à faire les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="terrine" xml:space="default">terrines de <placeName><placeName key="Nérac" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q210769">Nérac</placeName></placeName></objectName> et de <objectName><placeName><placeName key="Toulouse" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7880">Toulouse</placeName></placeName></objectName>. — L'<objectName>oie </objectName>(2) est le <objectName>mets</objectName> de prédilection des petits ménages dans les fêtes de famille pendant l'hiver ; sa <objectName>chair</objectName> est délicate et sa <objectName>graisse</objectName> très utile pour bien des <objectName>préparations</objectName> culinaires. Avec la <objectName>plume</objectName> des <objectName>oies</objectName> en garnit les <objectName>coussins</objectName>, les <objectName>oreillers</objectName> et l'on fait des <objectName>plumes pour écrire</objectName>. — Le <objectName>dindon</objectName> (3) est un gros <objectName>oiseau</objectName> dont la <objectName>chair</objectName> est très estimée et préférée à celle du <objectName>canard</objectName> et de l'<objectName>oie</objectName>. </caption> </figure> les <objectName>vaches</objectName>, quand elles se couchent, n'ont pas même la permission de traîner leur <objectName>queue</objectName> à terre ; on la relève en l'attachant. Des <objectName>étables</objectName> ! ce sont des salons, savez-vous ? J’ai été <roleName>servante</roleName>, moi, dans une <objectName>ferme</objectName> hollandaise. Il fallait voir la <objectName>laiterie</objectName> ! blanche comme neige, ventilée, mais sans <objectName>fenêtres</objectName>, fraîche ! Et la <objectName>vaisselle</objectName> <pb type="page" n="384" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_384.jpg"/> pour le <objectName>lait</objectName>, comme tout cela était rincé ! Mais aussi quelle <objectName>crème</objectName> ! quel <objectName>beurre</objectName> ! quel <objectName>fromage</objectName> ! Et à <placeName key="City of Brussels" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q239">Bruxelles</placeName>, il faut voir, le matin, dans les rues, les grandes <objectName>boîtes à lait</objectName> de cuivre poli, brillant comme or. Les <roleName>laitières</roleName> les promènent de porte en porte. Et c'est ça des <roleName>laitières</roleName> et du <objectName>lait</objectName>, savez-vous ? </p> <p>En parlant ainsi, la Flamande, heureuse de faire valoir son pays, accompagna un moment nos amis, et les quitta au détour d'un bout de rivière.</p> <p>Là, des <objectName>canards</objectName> bons enfants s'exerçaient à la culbute, au plongeon, et autres amusettes de la natation ; on apercevait, à travers les branches fleuries d'un cytise, un spectacle devant lequel <persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">Mme Richard</persName> arrêta sa troupe. </p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Donnez une idée du <objectName>bâtiment</objectName> affecté à la <objectName>vacherie</objectName>.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce qui remplissait les <objectName>râteliers</objectName> et que faisaient les <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">vaches</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Quelle sorte de <objectName>lait</objectName> donnaient-elles, et pourquoi ? </item> <item>— A qui est réservé le lait du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Qui reconnut-on parmi les <roleName>buveurs</roleName> ? </item> <item>— Que direz-vous de la petite fille que l'on compara à la <persName type="fictif">fée Urgande</persName> ? </item> <item>— Quel souhait forma la <persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">tante Richard</persName> ? </item> <item>— Quelle personne vint à entrer ? </item> <item>— Que se mit-elle à dire ? </item> <item>— Que raconta-t-elle des <objectName>vacheries</objectName> de <placeName key="Belgium" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q31">Belgique</placeName> et de <placeName key="Holland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q102911">Hollande</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Que voit-on le matin dans les rues de <placeName key="City of Brussels" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q239">Bruxelles</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Que voyait-on, de la <objectName>vacherie</objectName>, à l'autre bout de la rivière ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="sciences_naturelles" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujnat_109"> <head type="sujets">Sciences naturelles.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce que l'air ? </item> <item>— Quels gaz entrent dans sa composition ? </item> <item>— Propriétés de chacun d'eux.</item> <item>— Qu'est-ce que l'atmosphère ? </item> <item>— Son épaisseur ; phénomènes qui s'y passent.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'air est un mélange de deux gaz : l'oxygène pour 21 parties sur 100, en volume, et l'azote pour 79. Il forme autour de la terre une couche dont on évalue l'épaisseur à 50 ou 60 kilomètres ; au delà est un air extrêmement raréfié, et à 100 kilomètres de hauteur il n'y a plus que le vide absolu.</p> <p>Un litre d'air pèse 1 gramme 3 dixièmes, soit un l kilog. 300 par mètre cube, à la surface du sol.</p> <p>L'<term>oxygène</term> est un gaz incolore, sans saveur et sans odeur ; il se combine avec tous les corps en dégageant de la chaleur et parfois de la lumière ; seul il peut entretenir la, vie, et c'est grâce à sa présence dans l'air et dans l'eau que les animaux terrestres et les poissons y conservent l'existence ; mais il est dangereux de le respirer pur pendant longtemps.</p> <p>L'<term>azote</term> est un gaz également incolore, sans saveur ni odeur ; il est impropre à entretenir la combustion ; une lumière plongée dans un flacon rempli de ce gaz s’éteint immédiatement. Il tempère l'activité de l'oxygène, et se combine à une foule de corps. </p> <p>L'atmosphère contient en outre de la vapeur d'eau et quelques dix-millièmes d'un gaz formé d’oxygène et de charbon : l'<term>acide carbonique</term>. Les animaux en exhalent pendant l'acte de la respiration, de même <pb type="page" n="385" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_385.jpg"/> que les plantes durant la nuit, et certains végétaux en fermentation. Comme il est impropre à la vie, on comprend qu'il soit malsain de ne pas renouveler fréquemment l'air des lieux fermés où se réunissent plusieurs personnes ou plusieurs animaux. C'est pour ce motif que l'on ne conserve pas sans danger des plantes et des fleurs dans une chambre à coucher.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>LA <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="vache">VACHE</objectName>.</item> <item>— Que savez-vous de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">vache</objectName>, du <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">veau</objectName> et du <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bœuf</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Produits et services dont nous leur sommes redevables.</item> <item>— Usages de la <objectName>peau</objectName>, des <objectName>os</objectName>, des <objectName>cornes</objectName>, des <objectName>tendons</objectName>, du <objectName>sang</objectName> de ces <objectName>animaux</objectName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>La <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="vache">vache</objectName></term> est le plus précieux peut-être de nos <objectName>animaux domestiques</objectName> ; elle nous donne à la fois son <objectName>lait</objectName>, sa <objectName>chair</objectName> et son travail, lequel, dans certaines contrées, n'est pas sans importance.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bœuf</objectName></term> est, après le <objectName>cheval</objectName>, le plus utile auxiliaire de l'homme ; il tire la <objectName>charrue</objectName> et traîne les <objectName>chariots</objectName> ; engraissé, il fournit une <objectName>chair</objectName> succulente et fortifiante.</p> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">veau</objectName></term> et la <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">génisse</objectName></term> sont les petits de la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">vache</objectName> ; un certain nombre d'entre eux sont destinés à la <objectName>boucherie</objectName> ; ils donnent une <objectName>viande</objectName> délicate et de facile digestion.</p> <p>Ces <objectName>animaux</objectName> appartiennent à l'ordre des <objectName>ruminants</objectName>, c'est-à-dire que la <objectName>nourriture</objectName> exclusivement végétale dont ils s'accommodent passe d'abord dans un premier estomac, revient à la bouche pour être mâchée de nouveau, redescend dans un second estomac, puis se rend dans un troisième et, enfin, dans un quatrième. </p> <p>Les services que le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">bœuf</objectName>, la <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default">vache</objectName> et leurs petits rendent à l'homme se prolongent au delà de leur existence : on met à profit toutes leurs <objectName>dépouilles</objectName>. Avec leur <objectName>peau</objectName>, on fait un <objectName>cuir</objectName> excellent ; avec leurs <objectName>cornes</objectName>, on confectionne mille petits <objectName>objets</objectName> utiles : des <objectName>boîtes</objectName>, des <objectName>peignes</objectName>, des <objectName>manches de couteau</objectName>, des <objectName>vitres de lanternes</objectName>. Les <objectName>os</objectName> du <objectName>bœuf</objectName> remplacent l'<objectName>ivoire</objectName> et se vendent à bas prix ; s'ils sont frais, ou en fait de la <objectName>gélatine</objectName>, et, s'ils sont secs, du <objectName>noir animal</objectName> ; les <objectName>tendons</objectName> donnent un <objectName>fil</objectName> très fin employé par les <roleName>selliers</roleName> ; les <objectName>pieds</objectName> fournissent une <objectName>huile</objectName> précieuse ; le <objectName>sang</objectName> est employé dans la fabrication du <objectName>bleu de Prusse</objectName> et de la <objectName>graisse</objectName> on tire un <objectName>suif</objectName> excellent.</p> <p>On estime qu'il y a en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> douze millions de têtes de l'<objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="vache" xml:space="default">espèce bovine</objectName>.</p> </div> </div> <div type="agriculture"> <head type="sujets"> Agriculture. </head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'une prairie ? </item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par prairies naturelles et par prairies artificielles ? </item> <item>— Quels terrains leur conviennent ? </item> <item>— Décrire la récolte du fourrage.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Une <term>prairie</term> est un terrain qui produit de l'herbe, du foin ou d'autres plantes servant aux mêmes usages que les deux premières.</p> <p>Il y a deux espèces de prairies : </p> <p>1° Les <term>prairies artificielles</term>, terres labourables sur lesquelles on a semé, pour quelques années, différentes espèces d'herbes propres à la nourriture des animaux domestique, telles que le trèfle, la luzerne, la minette, le sainfoin.</p> <p>2° Les <term>prairies naturelles</term>, terrains sur lesquels le foin vient naturellement ou a été semé en vue de produire pendant plusieurs années.</p> <p>Les terrains qui conviennent aux prairies naturelles doivent être frais et profonds ; il en est de même pour la luzerne. Le trèfle, la minette, le sainfoin réussissent dans les terres maigres et même pierreuses ; ce sont des plantes précieuses lorsque le sol n'est pas arrosé par des fontaines ou des ruisseaux et ne peut, par conséquent, se prêter à l'établissement de prairies naturelles et à la culture de la luzerne.</p> <p>Les prairies de toutes sortes sont fauchées quand elles sont en fleur ; <pb type="page" n="386" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_386.jpg"/> on étend l'herbe sur le terrain ; on la retourne pour qu'elle sèche bien également, et on la rentre ensuite dans les granges, à moins qu'on ne l'entasse dans les champs, en masses coniques connues sous le nom de <term>meules</term>. </p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="histoire" xml:id="sujhis_109"> <head type="sujets"> Histoire. </head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Racontez ce que vous savez de la reine <persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365">Marie-Antoinette</persName>, du <placeName key="Palace of Versailles" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2946">palais de Versailles</placeName> et de <placeName key="Grand Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8049">Trianon</placeName>.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p><persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365"><term>Marie-Antoinette </term></persName> d'Autriche, reine de <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, naquit à <placeName key="Vienna" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1741">Vienne</placeName> en 1755 et fut guillotinée le 16 octobre 1793. Elle épousa en 1770 le Dauphin de France, qui fut depuis le roi <persName key="Louis XVI of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7732">Louis XVI</persName> ; à peine ce dernier était-il sur le trône, que la légèreté et la hauteur de <persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365">Marie Antoinette</persName> augmentèrent les embarras de la royauté et du gouvernement ; elle fut en butte à l'inimitié d'une partie de la cour, et, comme elle s'opposait à toutes les reformes, l'opinion publique se tourna contre elle. Sa conduite fut plus qu'imprudente au début de la révolution et, aux journées des 5 et 6 octobre 1789, elle n'échappa que par miracle aux poignards des assassins. Emprisonnée au <placeName key="Temple" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q1067494">Temple</placeName> avec son mari et ses enfants après le 10 août 1792, elle y souffrit tous les outrages, tous les tourments, comme reine, comme épouse et comme mère ; sa captivité fut un véritable martyre. Traduite devant le tribunal révolutionnaire et condamnée à mort après avoir entendu formuler contre elle les plus lâches et les plus infâmes accusations, elle marcha au supplice avec beaucoup de fermeté et mourut en pardonnant à ses ennemis.</p> <p>Le <placeName key="Palace of Versailles" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2946"><term>palais de Versailles</term></placeName> est un immense édifice, de 450 mètres de façade sur les jardins, qui fut construit sous le règne de <persName key="Louis XIV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7742">Louis XIV</persName>. Les architectes <persName key="Louis Le Vau" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q310530">Levau</persName> et <persName key="Jacques Hardouin-Mansart de Sagonne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3159083">Hardouin Mansart</persName>, le peintre <persName key="Jean-Baptiste Le Brun" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3164360">Lebrun</persName>, le jardinier <persName key="André Le Nôtre" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q273849">Le Nôtre</persName> le construisirent ou l'ornèrent ; la dépense a été estimée à un milliard de la monnaie de l'époque.</p> <p>Le grand roi y habita de 1672 jusqu'à sa mort ; <persName key="Louis XV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7738">Louis XV</persName> et <persName key="Louis XVI of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7732">Louis XVI</persName> y fixèrent leur résidence, et ce dernier jusqu'à ce que le peuple de <placeName key="Paris" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q90">Paris</placeName> le ramenât aux <placeName key="Tuileries Palace" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q234364">Tuileries</placeName>, en octobre 1789. Sous le règne de <persName key="Louis-Philippe I" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7771">Louis-Philippe</persName>, ce magnifique édifice fut converti en un <placeName key="Museum of the History of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3329787">musée des gloires nationales de la France</placeName> (1837).</p> <p>Le palais du <placeName key="Grand Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8049"><term>Grand Trianon</term></placeName>, bâti sous <persName key="Louis XIV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7742">Louis XIV</persName> vers 1676, et celui du <placeName key="Petit Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8044"><term>Petit Trianon</term></placeName>, créé par <persName key="Louis XV of France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q7738">Louis XV,</persName> sont de beaux édifices contigus au jardin du <placeName key="Palace of Versailles" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q2946">palais de Versailles</placeName>. <persName key="Marie Antoinette" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47365">Marie-Antoinette</persName> aimait beaucoup à résider au <placeName key="Petit Trianon" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q8044">Petit Trianon</placeName>.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="économie_domestique" xml:id="sujeco_109"> <head type="sujets"> Économie domestique. </head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Usages du <objectName>lait de vache</objectName> ; — comment on le conserve.</item> <item>— Détails sur une <objectName>laiterie</objectName>.</item> <item>— Quels produits sont fabriqués avec le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="lait">lait de vache</objectName>, celui des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="lait" xml:space="default">chèvres</objectName> et des <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="lait" xml:space="default">brebis</objectName>.</item> <item>— Détails sur le <objectName>beurre</objectName> et le <objectName>fromage</objectName>. (Voir, pour ce dernier point, la leçon 29.)</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le <term><objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" xml:space="default" key="lait">lait</objectName></term> est à la fois un <objectName>aliment</objectName> solide et une <objectName>boisson</objectName>, une source d'<objectName>albumine</objectName> et de <objectName>graisse</objectName>, de <objectName>sucre</objectName> et de <objectName>sel</objectName> : c'est l'<objectName>aliment</objectName> des <objectName>aliments</objectName>, à la fois très nourrissant et digestif. On l'emploie pur ; il entre dans la confection des <term><objectName>soupes</objectName></term>, des <term><objectName>potages</objectName></term>, de divers <term><objectName>ragoûts</objectName></term>, de la plupart des <term><objectName>crèmes</objectName></term> et des <term><objectName>pâtisseries</objectName></term>, sans en excepter celle du <term><objectName>beurre</objectName></term> et du <term><objectName>fromage</objectName></term>.</p> <p>En été, on ne peut conserver le <objectName cert="high" evidence="internal" full="yes" instant="unknown" key="lait" xml:space="default">lait</objectName> que dans des <objectName>vases</objectName> très propres, en le faisant bouillir et en le tenant dans un lieu frais. Un peu de <objectName>bicarbonate de soude</objectName> produit, dit-on, le même effet ; mais ce procédé n'est pas hygiénique.</p> <p>Une <term><objectName>laiterie</objectName></term> est une <objectName>pièce</objectName> demi-souterraine ordinairement, exposée au nord, munie d'une seule <objectName>fenêtre</objectName> pour que la lumière n'y arrive qu'en petite quantité. Les <objectName>murs</objectName> en doivent être épais ; intérieurement, <pb type="page" n="387" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_387.jpg"/> ils sont garnis de <objectName>tablettes</objectName> de pierre ou de bois dur sur lesquelles on pose les <objectName>vases de lait</objectName> ; le pavé, formé de larges <objectName>dalles</objectName>, a besoin d'être fréquemment lavé à l'<objectName>eau fraîche</objectName>.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
107. — La basse-cour. Document <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><?xml-model href="http://www.tei-c.org/release/xml/tei/custom/schema/relaxng/tei_all.rng" type="application/xml" schematypens="http://relaxng.org/ns/structure/1.0"?><?xml-stylesheet type="text/css" href="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/CSS/suzette_cwrc.css"?><TEI xmlns="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#"> <teiHeader> <fileDesc> <titleStmt> <title type="main">Suzette: a Digital Edition</title> <respStmt> <persName>John Westbrook</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Editor</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Diane Jakacki</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Project Manager</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Annie Girton</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2018-2020</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Sarah Haber</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-2022</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Rebecca Heintzelman</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2020-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Juliya Harnood</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2021-Present</resp> </respStmt> <respStmt> <persName>Jaehoon Pyon</persName> <orgName>Bucknell University</orgName> <resp>Research Assistant and Encoder, 2023-Present</resp> </respStmt> </titleStmt> <publicationStmt> <distributor>Bucknell University</distributor> <pubPlace> <address> <addrLine>One Dent Drive</addrLine> <addrLine>Lewisburg, PA 17837</addrLine> </address> </pubPlace> <availability> <licence>Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International</licence> </availability> </publicationStmt> <sourceDesc> <biblStruct> <monogr> <title>Suzette: Livre de Lecture Courante à l’Usage des Jeunes Filles. Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624867", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.867Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.867Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624867#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624867#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Pays de\n cocagne. Pays où tout abonde, où l'on fait bonne chère à bon marché." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624868", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.868Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.868Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624868#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624868#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[4]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Spécimen. Modèle, échantillon." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624869", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.869Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T01:06:24.869Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624869#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?note_annotation_20231016210624869#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[5]/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Mosaïque. Ouvrage dans lequel on représente des objets, des\n personnes, etc., au moyen de petits cubes de pierres de diverses\n couleurs." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?place_annotation_20231016210719099", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T01:07:19.099Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:identifying", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?place_annotation_20231016210719099#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch107.xml?place_annotation_20231016210719099#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p[2]/placeName" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "cwrc:RealPlace", "@id": "http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142", "dc:format": "text/plain" }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch107"> <pb type="page" n="375" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_375.jpg"/> <head>107. — La basse-cour. </head> <div type="récit"> <p>C'était un long treillage divisé en compartiments dont chacun contenait son poulailler. Et il fallait en-<pb type="page" n="376" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_376.jpg"/> tendre et voir le train de caquetage, de grattage qu'on menait d'un bout à l'autre de ce pays de cocagne*<note type="annotation">Pays de cocagne. Pays où tout abonde, où l'on fait bonne chère à bon marché.</note> ! Les retentissants cocoricos des coqs se répondaient en joyeux clairons ; les poules choisies, admirables, se donnaient des airs de millionnaires.</p> <figure> <caption>Poules de Houdan. — Poules de Cochinchine.</caption> </figure> <p>On savait à qui l'on avait affaire, grâce aux écriteaux. Ici, c'étaient les crèvecœurs, d'un noir changeant ; les houdans, pailletées de blanc et de noir, coiffées presque toujours de travers d'un toupet sous lequel leur œil brillant paraît hardi ; là, les cochinchines fauves, les brahmapoutres au corps balourd et gauche, pattus, et comme chaussés de guêtres ; les bressans, les campines élégants, les dorkings robustes, la race anglaise légère, à l'œil de feu, qui fournit les coqs pour ces combats féroces heureusement interdits en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, et dont les Anglais sont si friands.</p> <p>On apprend là que telle race, excellente pour la production des <objectName>œufs</objectName>, comme les houdans, par exemple, ne s'entend pas à mener à bien une couvée. Telle autre, au contraire, fournit des mères hors ligne, d'ardentes éducatrices de poussins ; une troisième ne se distinguera ni par ses couveuses, ni par ses pondeuses, mais bien, comme la cochinchine, la bressane, par la qualité de sa chair, sa facilité à s'engraisser, à donner ces poulets dodus, ces poulardes si recherchés des gourmets.</p> <p> De savants naturalistes ont étudié ici sans relâche les mœurs de la gent emplumée. C'est sous leur direction que se classent et se vendent aux particuliers, aux fermiers, les plus rares spécimens*<note type="annotation">Spécimen. Modèle, échantillon.</note>, les mieux cultivés qui soient au monde.</p> <pb type="page" n="377" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_377.jpg"/> <p><persName key="mme_richard" type="fictif">Mme Richard</persName> mena la troupe à un pavillon couvert de tuiles de diverses couleurs, d'un effet de mosaïque*<note type="annotation">Mosaïque. Ouvrage dans lequel on représente des objets, des personnes, etc., au moyen de petits cubes de pierres de diverses couleurs.</note> très riant.</p> </div> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Sous quel aspect se présentait la basse-cour ? </item> <item>— Qu'y entendait-on, qu'y voyait-on ?</item> <item>— Quelles races de poules y signalaient les écriteaux ? </item> <item>— Quels caractères sont particuliers aux crèvecœurs, aux houdans, aux cochinchines, aux brahmapoutres, aux campines, aux dorkings (prononcez : dorkignes) ? </item> <item>— Quels avantages et quels inconvénients prèsente la race de <placeName>Houdan</placeName> ?</item> <item>— Quels sont ceux d'autres races ? </item> <item>— Quels services rendent les naturalistes ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="composition" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujcom_107"> <head>Composition.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Décrivez le coq, la poule, les poussins. </item> <item>— Leur caractère. </item> <item>— Produits que nous en retirons.</item> <item>— Leur nourriture. </item> <item>— Doivent-ils être renfermés dans la basse-cour ? </item> <item>— Le poulailler ; soins à donner à ce local.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>(Voir comme modèles : Le lapin, page 220, Les souris et les rats, page 228, <title>COURS DE COMPOSITION FRANÇAISE (Degré élémentaire el moyen), par <persName type="historique">E. LAPORTE</persName></title>.)</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="sciences_naturelles" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujnat_107"> <head>Sciences naturelles.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Quelles sont les parties qui composent un œuf ? </item> <item>— De quelle matière chacune est-elle formée ? </item> <item>— Combien donne-t-on d'œufs à couver à une poule ? </item> <item>— Soins que l'animal réclame. </item> <item>— Durée de l'incubation. </item> <item>— Soins que réclament les poussins.</item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'œuf comprend trois parties : la <term>coque</term>, constituée par une matière calcaire ; l'<term>albumine</term>, substance blanchâtre, filante qui donne le blanc après la cuisson ; le <term>jaune</term>, qui forme au milieu une petite sphère demi-liquide, où se trouve le germe de l'animal.</p> <p>Au commencement du printemps, le besoin de couver se manifeste chez la poule ; alors, dans un lieu retiré, on lui confie de 12 à 14 oufs qui n'ont pas plus de cinq jours. Généralement, elle se montre très assidue à sa besogne de couveuse, et grâce à la température de 40 à 41 degrés qu'elle leur communique, au bout de 21 jours, les petits poulets viennent au monde. Pendant cette période, il faut éviter tout ce qui troublerait l'animal, et placer à sa portée une nourriture abondante.</p> <p>Les premiers jours de leur naissance, les petits poulets n'ont pas besoin de manger ; le troisième jour, et pendant une dizaine de jours, on ajoutera des œufs durs à de la <objectName>mie de pain</objectName> trempée dans l'<objectName>eau</objectName> ou mieux, au début, dans du <objectName>lait</objectName>. Enfin, on substitue peu à peu à la pâtée des premiers jours quelques menus grains qu'on ramollit d'abord en les trempant dans l'eau chaude.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="industrie" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujind_107"> <head>Industrie.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'est-ce qu'un poulailler ? </item> <item>— Comment établit-on un poulailler ? </item> <item>— Comment sera-t-il à l'extérieur, à l'intérieur ?</item> <item>— A quelle exposition le placera-t-on ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>Le poulailler est un abri construit pour les poules, où elles se retirent la nuit, où elles pondent et où on les fait couver.</p> <p>Généralement on l'adosse à un mur de la basse-cour, à l'exposition du midi ; un solide grillage en clôt l'entrée, qui est pratiquée à un mètre environ au-dessus du sol afin que les belettes, les fouines, les renards ne puissent y accéder. À l'intérieur, on établit des perchoirs et l'on installe des corbeilles garnies de paille ou de foin lorsque le moment de couver est venu Les poulaillers doivent être tenus proprement, sinon les volailles seraient couvertes d'insectes qui les fatiguent et contrarient leur développement ; un milieu malpropre est d'ailleurs <pb type="page" n="378" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_378.jpg"/> éminemment favorable à l'éclosion des épidémies qui déciment les basses-cours.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" xml:space="default" type="économie_domestique" xml:id="sujeco_107"> <head>Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment et avec quoi nourrit-on les poules ? </item> <item>— Comment les engraisse-t-on ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On nourrit les poules avec un peu de <objectName>grain</objectName> et les débris de la table ; c'est un supplément à la <objectName>nourriture</objectName> qu'elles trouvent à la campagne en picorant le long des chemins et dans les champs ; on a remarqué qu'elles recherchent les vers de terre. Trois fois par jour, on leur distribue ce qui leur est réservé, en l'éparpillant le plus possible afin que chaque volatile puisse en prendre sa part.</p> <p>On engraisse les <objectName>poules</objectName> en les enfermant dans un endroit frais et obscur, et en leur donnant une nourriture abondante.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Comment sert-on un <objectName>poulet rôti</objectName> ? </item> <item>— Comment le découpe-t-on ? </item> <item>— Quels sont les <objectName>morceaux</objectName> les plus délicats ? </item> <item>— A qui devra-t-on les offrir ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On sert le <objectName>poulet rôt</objectName>i sur un <objectName>plat garni</objectName> préalablement d'un lit de <objectName>cresson</objectName>. Pour le découper, on enlève successivement les quatre membres en commençant par la <objectName>cuisse</objectName> et l'<objectName>aile</objectName> d'un même côté, puis les <objectName>sot-l'y laisse</objectName> (1) et les <objectName>blancs</objectName>. On rompt ensuite le <objectName>croupion</objectName> et l'on coupe horizontalement la <objectName>carcasse</objectName>. On divise chaque <objectName>cuisse</objectName> en deux, chaque aile en trois morceaux ; la <objectName>carcasse</objectName> et le <objectName>croupion</objectName> doivent en faire six bien distincts. On dispose chaque <objectName>morceau</objectName> dans le <objectName>plat</objectName> de manière qu'on puisse les voir tous, et l'on fait circuler. Tout cela doit être mené le plus lestement possible, afin d'empêcher le refroidissement de la pièce.</p> <p>Les <objectName>morceaux</objectName> les plus délicats sont l'<objectName>aile</objectName> et le <objectName>blanc</objectName> ; on devra les offrir aux dames, en commençant par les plus âgées.</p><p> (1) Le sot-l'y-laisse est un morceau placé sous la cuisse, à la naissance de l'aile, dont la chair est très délicate, quoique moins blanche. </p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
106. — Au Jardin d'acclimatation . 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Morale—Leçon de choses, Economie Domestique – Ménage – Cuisine – Couture</title> <author>Robert Halt</author> <textLang>French</textLang> <imprint> <date>1889</date> <distributor>Libraire Classique Paul Delaplane</distributor> <pubPlace>Paris, France</pubPlace> </imprint> </monogr> </biblStruct> </sourceDesc> </fileDesc> <xenoData><rdf:RDF xmlns:rdf="http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#" xmlns:rdfs="http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#" xmlns:as="http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#" xmlns:cwrc="http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#" xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:dcterms="http://purl.org/dc/terms/" xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" xmlns:geo="http://www.geonames.org/ontology#" xmlns:oa="http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#" xmlns:schema="http://schema.org/" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#" xmlns:fabio="https://purl.org/spar/fabio#" xmlns:bf="http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#" xmlns:cito="https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#" xmlns:org="http://www.w3.org/ns/org#"> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739762", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.762Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.762Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739762#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739762#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Bois de\n Boulogne. Grand parc et lieu de promenade à l'O. de\n Paris." }, "as:generator": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:url": "https://leaf-writer.lincsproject.ca/", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> <rdf:Description rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/TR/json-ld/"> <![CDATA[{ "@context": { "dcterms:created": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:created" }, "dcterms:issued": { "@type": "xsd:dateTime", "@id": "dcterms:issued" }, "oa:motivatedBy": { "@type": "oa:Motivation" }, "@language": "en", "rdf": "http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#", "rdfs": "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#", "as": "http://www.w3.org/ns/activitystreams#", "cwrc": "http://sparql.cwrc.ca/ontologies/cwrc#", "dc": "http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/", "dcterms": "http://purl.org/dc/terms/", "foaf": "http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/", "geo": "http://www.geonames.org/ontology#", "oa": "http://www.w3.org/ns/oa#", "schema": "http://schema.org/", "xsd": "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#", "fabio": "https://purl.org/spar/fabio#", "bf": "http://www.openlinksw.com/schemas/bif#", "cito": "https://sparontologies.github.io/cito/current/cito.html#", "org": "http://www.w3.org/ns/org#" }, "id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739763", "type": "oa:Annotation", "dcterms:created": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.763Z", "dcterms:modified": "2023-10-17T00:47:39.763Z", "dcterms:creator": { "@id": "11", "@type": [ "cwrc:NaturalPerson", "schema:Person" ], "cwrc:hasName": "Rebecca Heintzelman" }, "oa:motivatedBy": "oa:describing", "oa:hasTarget": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739763#Target", "@type": "oa:SpecificResource", "oa:hasSource": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml", "@type": "dctypes:Text", "dc:format": "text/xml" }, "oa:renderedVia": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu", "@type": "as:Application", "rdfs:label": "LEAF-Writer", "schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" }, "oa:hasSelector": { "@id": "https://leaf.bucknell.edu/sites/default/files/2023-07/suzette_ch106.xml?note_annotation_20231016204739763#Selector", "@type": "oa:XPathSelector", "rdf:value": "TEI/text/body/div/div/p/note[2]" } }, "oa:hasBody": { "@type": "oa:TextualBody", "dc:format": "text/plain", "rdf:value": "Equipage. 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"schema:softwareVersion": "3.2.2" } }]]> </rdf:Description> </rdf:RDF></xenoData><profileDesc> <langUsage> <language ident="fr">French</language> <language ident="en">English</language> </langUsage> </profileDesc> </teiHeader> <text> <body> <div xmlns:ns0="http://www.tei-c.org/ns/1.0" type="chapitre" xml:lang="fr" n="ch106"> <pb type="page" n="372" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_372.jpg"/> <head>106. — Au Jardin d'acclimatation*. .</head> <div type="récit"> <p>Nouvelle fête ! On traversa une riante partie du <placeName key="bois de Boulogne" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q209626">bois de Boulogne</placeName>*<note type="annotation"><placeName>Bois de Boulogne</placeName>. Grand parc et lieu de promenade à l'O. de <placeName>Paris</placeName>.</note> ; on coupa la file des équipages*<note type="annotation">Equipage. Voiture de maitre.</note> ; on coudoya de beaux messieurs, de belles dames, et l'on arriva au <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName>.</p> <p>Là, d'abord, beaucoup de petit monde en jupes et culottes courtes ; petites filles, petits garçons. Ils se promenaient à dos d'éléphant, de chameau, de dromadaire et semblaient des points perdus sur leurs énormes montures. Celles-ci s'avançaient sous les arbres en flânant, l'air bonasse, avec des regards aux passants pour les inviter à leur offrir les gâteaux et les petits pains dont on les régale tout le jour.</p> <pb type="page" n="373" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_373.jpg"/> <fw>AU JARDIN D'ACCLIMATATION. 373</fw> <p>D'autres enfants allaient sur de mignons poneys*<note type="annotation">Poney. Petit cheval à long poil.</note> des <placeName key="Shetland Islands" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47134">Shetland</placeName>*<note type="annotation"><placeName>Shetland</placeName>. Iles au N. de l'<placeName>Ecosse</placeName>.</note> ou sur des hémiones*<note type="annotation">Hémiones. Quadrepède du genre cheval qui vit en <placeName>Asie</placeName>.</note>.</p> <p>Dans une allée sablée, une demoiselle d'au moins quatre ans, à très gentil minois, toute mignonne, trônait dans une petite voiture attelée d'une autruche. Elle était là gentiment assise, regardant la foule de ses yeux bleus, profonds et doux. On eût dit la <persName type="fictif">fée Urgande</persName>, la jolie fée des vieux contes, essayant un nouvel <figure> <caption>Ils se promenaient à dos d'éléphant, de chameau, de dromadaire.</caption> </figure> équipage ; car la chanson, très précise sur celui dont elle se servait, dit que,</p> <lg> <l>Dans une conque de saphir</l> <l>De huit papillons attelée,</l> <l>Elle passait comme un zéphir...</l> <l>(<persName key="Pierre-Jean de Béranger" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q324998">BÉRANGER</persName>.)</l> </lg> <p>Mais ce n'était pas seulement pour cette promenade d'aimables gamins et gamines, et encore moins pour les acclimater sur le dos des éléphants, des chameaux ou des poneys des îles d'<placeName key="Scotland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q22">Écosse</placeName> qu'avait été créé ce <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName>.</p> <p><persName type="fictif" key="suzette">Suzette</persName> en connaissait déjà, par <persName type="fictif" key="louis">Louis</persName> et par <persName type="fictif" key="pascal">Pascal</persName>, le but scientifique : enrichir notre faune*<note type="annotation">Faune. L'ensemble des animaux d'une grande contrée.</note> d'espèces étrangères, d'animaux utiles ; puis améliorer nos propres races par la sélection et la culture.</p> <p>La <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">tante Richard</persName> se souvenait de sa paysannerie et de ses premières occupations dans la ferme paternelle de <placeName type="fictif">Fragicourt</placeName>. Et elle achemina son monde vers la basse-cour.</p> </div> <pb type="page" n="374" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_374.jpg"/> <fw>374 SUZETTE.</fw> <div type="questionnaire"> <head>Questionnaire.</head> <list> <item>— Quel chemin suivit-on pour se rendre au <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Quels animaux montaient les enfants ? </item> <item>— Détails sur les éléphants.</item> <item>— Qui vit-on, dans une allée sablee, trainée par l'autruche du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin</placeName> ? </item> <item>— Quel effet produisait cette jeune enfant ? </item> <item>— Quel est l'objet du <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> <item>— De quoi se souvenait la <persName type="fictif" key="mme_richard">tante Richard</persName> et où conduisit-elle sa nièce ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="exercices"> <head>DÉVELOPPEMENT DES SUJETS PROPOSÉS POUR EXERCICES.</head> <div type="complexe"> <head>Histoire naturelle.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Que savez-vous de l'éléphant — (origine, taille, aspect, qualités, défauts ; services qu'il rend) ? — des poneys ? — de l'autruche ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>L'<term>éléphant</term> est le plus grand des animaux terrestres ; ses proportions sont lourdes, son corps épais, sa démarche pesante, mais sa physionomie est imposante et noble. Il a une tête énorme avec deux immenses et minces oreilles que l'animal fait remuer et claquer à plaisir ; l'œil est petit et la bouche est armée de dents énormes dont deux font saillie et peuvent atteindre 2m,50 de longueur ; on les désigne sous le nom de défenses.</p> <p>La <term>trompe</term> de l'éléphant est le nez prolongé d'une façon démesurée en forme de tube, et qui se termine par les ouvertures des narines. Elle est à la fois l'organe de l'odorat, un membre pour saisir et une arme redoutable ; elle accomplit toutes les fonctions de la main, à ce point qu'avec son aide l'éléphant peut ramasser à terre une pièce de monnaie et déboucher une bouteille. Si on l'attaque, il en saisit son ennemi, l'enlace, le presse, le brise, le lance en l'air ou le jette à terre pour le fouler sous ses larges pieds. La trompe lui sert encore à porter les aliments à sa bouche et à soulever de lourds fardeaux ; il la remplit d'eau quand il veut boire et laisse tomber ce liquide dans sa gorge.</p> <p>Les éléphants vivent dans les contrées les plus chaudes de l'<placeName key="Asia" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48">Asie</placeName> et de l'<placeName key="Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15">Afrique</placeName> et, à l'état sauvage, ils se tiennent par troupes plus ou moins nombreuses dans les forêts et les lieux marécageux ; leur nourriture consiste en herbes, en racines et en graines. Leur marche est rapide ; ils peuvent faire jusqu'à 100 kilomêtres par jour et nagent aussi très bien.</p> <p>L'éléphant est doué d'une grande intelligence ; on l'a domestiqué et il rend les plus grands services pour le transport des hommes et des marchandises. Son caractère est doux ; il est reconnaissant ; mais sa susceptibilité est extrème et il sait se venger de ceux qui le taquinent ou le maitraitent.</p> <p>Les <term>poneys</term> sont une race étrangère de chevaux, originaire des lles <placeName key="Shetland Islands" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q47134">Shetland</placeName> ; ce sont de véritables miniatures ; il en est qui atteignent à peine à la hauteur des chiens de <placeName key="Newfoundland" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q48335">Terre-Neuve</placeName>. Malgré leur petite taille, ils sont robustes et résistent parfaitement à la fatigue.</p> <p>L'<term>autruche</term>, que l'on trouve seulement en <placeName key="Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15">Afrique</placeName> et en <placeName key="Arabia" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q57751375">Arabie</placeName>, est le plus gros des oiseaux connus ; sa tête peut atteindre jusqu'à 2m,50 de hauteur. Cet animal ne peut voler, mais il court très vite sur de longues et fortes pattes armées d'ongles redoutables, surtout lorsque le vent gonfle les larges et belles plumes de ses ailes.</p> <p>L'autruche pond ses œufs dans le sable où la chaleur solaire concourt à mener à bien leur éclosion. On recherche les plumes de la queue et des ailes de cet animal, et on lui fait, pour cette raison, une chasse active. Cependant on a essayé de le domestiquer, et déjà en <placeName key="French Algeria" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q218272">Algérie</placeName> et dans la <placeName key="Cape Colony" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q370736">colonie du Cap</placeName>, son élevage donne un revenu considérable.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>PIERRES PRECIEUSES.</item> <item>— Qu'entend-on par pierres précieuses ? </item> <item>— Pourquoi les recherche-t-on ? </item> <item>— Nommez-en quelques-unes et dites <pb type="page" n="375" facs="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/BucknellDSC/suzette/master/images/page_images/Suzette_375.jpg"/> <fw>LA BASSE-COUR. 375 </fw> ce qui les distingue.</item> <item>— Où trouve-t-on les diamants ? </item> <item>— Connaissez-vous quelques diamants célèbres ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On entend par <term>pierres précieuses</term> des pierres d'une dureté et d'un brillant extraordinaires, qualités auxquelles se joignent des couleurs éclatantes, sauf chez les diamants. Elles sont recherchées pour leur éclat et leur rareté. Plus communes et moins coûteuses, elles rendraient de grands services dans l'industrie ; mais jusqu'ici on ne les emploie que dans la confection des parures.</p> <p>Les principales pierres précieuses sont : les diamants, les rubis, les émeraudes, les saphirs, les topazes, les améthystes. On entend par <term>pierres fines</term> celles qui approchent des pierres précieuses pour la dureté et le brillant : telles sont les agates, les onyx, les cornalines.</p> <p>Les diamants sont limpides comme du cristal et jettent mille feux quand ils sont taillés ; les rubis ont une couleur rouge ; les émeraudes sont vertes ; les saphirs, bleus ; les topazes, jaunes ; les améthystes, violettes.</p> <p>On trouve le diamant dans l'<placeName key="Hindustan" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q853968">Hindoustan</placeName>, l'<placeName key="Southern Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q27394">Afrique méridionale</placeName> et le <placeName key="Brazil" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q155">Brésil</placeName>. Il se présente sous la forme de cristaux très brillants, limpides et transparents ; mais, souvent, ils sont recouverts d'une gangue plus ou moins épaisse. On a remarqué qu'ils accompagnent une sorte de terrain sablonneux et ferrugineux.</p> <p>Parmi les diamants les plus célèbres, il faut citer : le <term>Régent</term>, qui pèse 31 grammes ; il appartient à la <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName> et on estime sa valeur à 8 millions ; — le <term>Koh-i-Noor</term>, ou <term>Montagne de lumière</term>, qui est la propriété de la reine d'<placeName key="England" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q21">Angleterre</placeName> et a été payé 6 millions ; — le plus beau diamant de la couronne de <placeName key="Russian Empire" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q34266">Russie</placeName> pèse près de 40 grammes.</p> </div> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>Qu'appelle-t-on faune, flore d'un pays ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On appelle <term>faune</term> d'un pays l'ensemble des animaux qui habitent ce pays, et <term>flore</term> l'ensemble des plantes qui y croissent.</p> </div> </div> <div cert="high" org="composite" part="Y" sample="initial" type="économie_domestique" xml:space="default" xml:id="sujeco_106"> <head>Économie domestique.</head> <div type="questions"> <list> <item>— Qu'entend-on par climat ; — par acclimater en France une plante, un animal ? </item> <item>— Citez des plantes et des animaux acclimatés en <placeName key="Europe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46">Europe</placeName>.</item> <item>— Que peut-on retirer d'avantageux d'une visite au <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> ? </item> </list> </div> <div type="réponses"> <p>On entend par <term>climat</term> la region, le pays, principalement eu egard à la température de l'air ; on désigne encore, par ce mot, la température particulière à une contrée.</p> <p><term>Acclimater</term> une plante, un animal en <placeName key="France" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q142">France</placeName>, c'est accoutumer cette plante et cet animal à la température et à l'influence de notre pays.</p> <p>Depuis quelques siècles, on a acclimaté en <placeName key="Europe" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q46">Europe</placeName> le maîs, le tabac, la pomme de terre, le dahlia, le dindon, qui viennent d<placeName key="Americas" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q828">'Amérique</placeName> ; la pintade, que nous avons apportée d'<placeName key="Africa" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15">Afrique</placeName> ; le sorgho, la patate, originaires de la <placeName key="China" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q29520">Chine</placeName>, sans compter une multitude de fleurs et d'arbustes.</p> <p>Visiter le <placeName key="Jardin d'Acclimatation" ref="http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q3090513">Jardin d'acclimatation</placeName> présente certains avantages, dont le principal est de faire voir et connaître les animaux et les végétaux étrangers qu'on essaye d'introduire dans notre pays ; on s'y familiarise encore avec les meilleurs procédés d'élevage pour certaines races de volailles, de chiens, de bestiaux qu'il y aurait intérêt à élever simultanément avec les nôtres dans les fermes et autres exploitations agricoles.</p> </div> </div> </div> </div> </body> </text> </TEI>
